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M Koss

Publications and source records attributed to M Koss.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Pancreatic transplantation in diabetic rats: renal function, morphology, ultrastructure, and immunohistology.

Serial renal morphologic, ultrastructural immunohisotlogic and functional studies were done on diabetic Lewis rats to evaluate the course of nephropathy and to study the effects of early pancreatic isografts on renal disease associated with streptozotocin diabetes. Three groups of experimental animals and one group of agematched controls were used. Group 1 consisted of 12 animals which were made diabetic with streptozotocin and which did not receive transplants. Early in the course of diabetes, these animals developed an increase in mesangial matrix, electron-dense material in themesangium, with immunoglobulin G, C3, and occasionally fibrinogen deposits in the glomerular mesangium. Alterations were progressive and mesangial bars, proximal tubular degeneration, tubular vacuolization, and myeloid figureswere present later. Progressive increase in protein excretion and increase in glomerular filtration rate were observed. Persistent glycosuria, hyperphosphaturia, andhypercalcuria. In contrast, only an occasional animal from Groups 2 and 3 with a pancreatic transplant showed renal in age-matched controls. These studies have demonstrated the evolution of renal glomerular and tubular changes in streptozotocin diabetic rats, and they have showed functional, and immunohistochemical changes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sleep breathing and sleep movement disorders masquerading as insomnia in sexual-assault survivors.

A descriptive, hypothesis-generating study was performed with 156 female sexual-assault survivors who suffered from insomnia, nightmares, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They completed 2 self-report sleep questionnaires to assess the potential presence of intrinsic sleep disorders. Seventy-seven percent of the sample (120 of 156) endorsed additional sleep complaints, besides their insomnia symptoms, that indicate the potential presence of sleep-disordered breathing ([SDB] 81 of 156, 52%) and sleep-related movement disorders ([SMD] 94 of 156, 60%). The potential for SDB was strongly correlated with the body mass index (BMI), an increase in arousal symptoms, and greater total PTSD severity. In some sexual-assault survivors, the relationship between sleeplessness and posttraumatic stress may be caused or exacerbated by intrinsic sleep disorders, and not be solely a function of psychophysiological insomnia--the traditional diagnostic term usually offered to explain the sleep problems associated with PTSD. Prevalence studies that use objective diagnostic evaluations such as polysomnography (PSG) are needed to test these hypotheses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of antidepressants in the elderly: 1986 and 1989.

Depression is a frequent disorder in the elderly that is often treated with antidepressants. It is generally accepted that, since all antidepressants are equally effective and the elderly are differentially more susceptible to side effects, those antidepressants with the least side effects should be preferentially used. The actual use of antidepressants in 1986 and 1989 was reviewed. We found that (1) contrary to expectation, antidepressants were prescribed in 1986 in quantities that were directly proportional to their side effects, ie, the greater the side effects, the more they were used, and (2) there was a distinct shift to a more thoughtful pattern in 1989. After reviewing the side effect profiles of antidepressants, it is recommended that amitriptyline and doxepin be avoided and that the initial choice be restricted to desipramine, nortriptyline, fluoxetine, and possibly bupropion. This simple change would reduce the relatively high rate of falls and fractures from antidepressant-induced hypotension and of delirium in the elderly. It would also promote increased compliance and greater efficacy, since larger doses will be tolerated.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Agitation in the medically ill elderly.

Agitation is a common and significant problem in the medically ill elderly. It is responsible for diminished quality of life for not only the patient, but the caregivers as well as the patient's relatives. This paper will illustrate the concept of agitation and different modes of classification. The major emphasis will be placed on discussing prompt, correct diagnosis of the underlying cause of agitation and effective treatment of both the cause of agitation and the symptoms of agitation itself.

Aged↗