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Biomedical subjects

M Koziorowski

Publications and source records attributed to M Koziorowski.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

A local pathway for increased testosterone supply from the testis to the epididymis, vas deferens and accessory genital glands of the rat.

Radiolabeled testosterone (3H-T) was infused into the testes or left and right mesofuniculus (106 dpm) or injected into a testes (2 x 10(6) dpm). The 3H-T concentration was estimated 15 or 10 min after 3H-T infusion or injection, respectively, in the tissue samples collected from the prostate, seminal vesicles, caput and cauda epididymides, vasa deferentia and the mesofuniculi. The abdominal aorta and posterior vena cava were cannulated, and the posterior part of the body perfused with blood (at blood pressure 70-140 or 260-300 mm Hg in abdominal aorta) was used to study 3H-T transfer from the testes to venous blood and other male genital organs. The concentration of 3H-T found in the accessory genital glands, epididymes and vasa deferentia was affected by blood pressure in the abdominal aorta. The reduced blood pressure and partial blocking of blood supply to the genital organs (after ligation of both testicular arteries or the terminal part of the abdominal aorta) increased the concentration of 3H-T in accessory genital glands, vasa deferentia and epididymes. The removal of the mesofuniculi and vasa deferentia with their mesoducti reduced 3H-T concentration in the prostate, seminal vesicles and cauda epididymides. Both arterial trunks, testicular arteries and common iliac arteries, were shown to be connected by anastomoses in target organs so effectively, that supplying the male genital organs with blood by only one of them assures the transfer of testosterone from the testes to the epididymes, vasa deferentia, mesofuniculi as well as prostate and seminal vesicles. It was concluded that lymphatic vessels of the mesofunicules and of the spermatic cords as well as venous and arterial vasculature of the mesofunicules create a recently unknown pathway for the increase of testosterone supply from the testes to the epididymes, vasa deferentia and accessory genital glands of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Secretion of estradiol-17beta by porcine mammary gland of ovariectomized steroid-treated sows.

Although the mammary gland of many species secretes estradiol (E(2)), nothing is known of E(2) secretion in the porcine gland. The present study was designed to investigate whether porcine mammary gland was a source of E(2), and to test the influence of individual and combined effects of exogenous progesterone and estradiol benzoate (EB) on the secretion of E(2). Immature crossbred gilts were ovariectomized at 7 months of age followed by 4 weeks later by steroid hormone replacement therapy to produce estradiol and progesterone (P(4)) blood concentrations similar to those observed during a normal estrous cycle. Arterial and venous blood plasma (from carotid artery and anterior mammary vein, respectively) were sampled for 2h at 10 min intervals. Plasma concentrations of progesterone, androstenedione (A(4)), testosterone (T), estrone (E(1)) and estradiol were determined by RIA. In all gilts treated with progesterone alone or in combination with EB, concentrations of P(4), A(4) and E(1) in blood collected from venous outflow were lower compared to concentrations in arterial blood, whereas concentrations of E(2) were higher in blood plasma from the anterior mammary vein compared to plasma from the carotid artery. The results indicated that the porcine mammary gland secreted E(2). Increased concentrations of plasma E(2) collected only from P(4)-treated animals suggested that progesterone activated enzymes involved in steroidogenesis in porcine mammary gland, or those utilized in its metabolism.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed2001

[Correlation of expression of progesterone receptors with histopathological type and grade of malignancy of cerebral neoplasms].

Steroid receptors play an important role in homeostasis and in proliferation of neoplastic cells as well. Biological effect of steroid hormone on tissues depends on intracellular concentration of its receptor. The binding hormone with its receptor activates adequate genes in cellular nuclei and cell proliferation. The mutation of genes codifying of receptor protein may cause its structural modification or changes in its activity and lead to neoplastic transformation. The aim of our work was the estimation of progesterone receptors (PR) concentration in cerebral neoplasma and correlation with histopathological type and grade of malignancy of cerebral tumours. We examined 89 patients, among them 28 with meningioma, 43 with glioma and 18 with metastatic tumour. The concentration of PR was evaluated using radioreceptor assay. Our results show statistically significant correlation between expression of PR and type and malignancy of neoplastic tumours. It was especially seen in meningioma and the highest concentration of PR were in I grade tumours.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1987

The postweaning rise of tonic luteinizing hormone secretion in anestrous cows is not prevented by chronic milking or the physical presence of the calf.

The objective of the following study was to examine the ability of frequent milking, the physical presence of the calf, and their combination to prevent a postweaning rise in tonic luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, estrus, and ovulation. Thirty Hereford cows were allowed to suckle their calves ad libitum until 17-21 days post partum and confirmed as anestrus. They were then assigned alternately by order of calving to 1 of 5 treatment groups: (1) Suckled (S) ad libitum; (2) Nonsuckled (NS)--calf removed for 102 h; (3) Nonsuckled--calf present (NSC)--calf remained with cow, but muzzled to prevent suckling for 102 h; (4) Nonsuckled--milked 8 times a day (NSM)--calf removed for 102 h and cow hand-milked for 10 min every 2 h from 0700 to 2100 h; (5) Nonsuckled--calf present--milked 8 times a day (NSMC)--combination of 3 and 4. Luteinizing hormone secretion patterns, estrous activity, and ovulation were monitored throughout the experiment. Prior to treatment (Day 0), mean pulse frequency (pulses/6 h), mean concentrations (ng/ml), and median concentrations (ng/ml) of LH did not differ (p greater than 0.45) between groups, and were 0.7 +/- 0.15, 2.8 +/- 0.14, and 2.6 +/- 0.11, respectively. Marked rises (p less than 0.01--p less than 0.03) in LH pulse frequency were observed in all groups except S between 48 and 54 h after onset of treatment. Mean and median concentrations of LH were lower (p less than 0.02) in S cows than in all other groups at 48-54 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anestrus↗
PubMed1984

Estradiol, progesterone and testosterone receptors for pig endometrium and myometrium at various stages of the estrous cycle.

The concentration of unoccupied, occupied and total receptors for estradiol (E2R), unoccupied receptors for testosterone (TR) and progesterone (PsR) in the endometrium (E) and myometrium (M) of cycling gilts or sows after the second or the third farrow were measured. On day O (estrus) the concentration of E2R, TR and PsR reached the maximum for total uterus (M + E). On day 0, there were no differences between concentration of PsR, TR and occupied, unoccupied and total E2R for E and M. In other stages of estrous cycle, the concentration of receptors in E and M were considerably different both in cycling gilts or sows after second or third farrow. On day 13 (luteal phase), high levels of E2R were found but only for E, while there were the lowest level of occupied, unoccupied and total E2R for M. In sows, after the second or third farrow the concentration of E2R in E as well as in M at all stages of the estrous cycle was about three times higher than in cycling young gilts. The concentration of TR in E as well as in M was lowest on day 13, increased on day 17 and reached the highest level at estrous. The concentration of PsR in M was the lowest at luteal phase (day 13), increased on day 17 and reached the highest level at estrus. Significant negative correlation between the concentration of PsR and progesterone in the blood plasma was calculated for M, but not for E.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Correlation of steroid receptors and growth factors expression with peritumoral edema accompanying cerebral neoplasms].

The aetiology of peritumoral brain oedema still remains unclear, despite investigations, attempted to study the role of various clinical factors and histological features of the tumour. The aim of this investigation was to the evaluate correlation of peritumoral brain oedema with expression of progesterone (PR) and oestrogen (ER) receptors and vascular--endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Eighty nine samples of brain tumours were examined, among them 28 meningiomas, 43 gliomas and 18 metastatic tumours. Expression of steroid receptors was examined with the radioreceptor assay method and expression of VEGF by radioimmune assay. A statistically highly significant correlation was found of VEGF expression with the incidence of diffuse pattern of brain oedema around gliomas and metastatic tumours (p < 0.01). PR expression was associated significantly with the occurrence of localized type of oedema around meningiomas, but in gliomas the expression of this receptor correlated with a diffuse pattern of oedema. No correlation was found between ER expression and peritumoral brain oedema.

Brain Edema↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidermal growth factor expression in brain neoplasms].

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) influences the cell by activation of its specific cell receptor (EGFR). It is regarded as one of the most effective mitogenic factors and plays a role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was the assessment of EGF expression in different types of cerebral neoplasms and searching for its correlation with histopathologic features of malignancy and presence of peritumoral oedema. Sixty seven samples of brain tumours were examined. Among them were 17 meningiomas, 34 gliomas and 16 metastases. Expression of EGF was estimated by a radioimmune assay. The authors found the presence of EGF in all types of tumours. No correlation was found between expression of EGF and histopathological signs of tumour malignancy, although a tendency appeared towards a higher level of that factor in anaplastic tumours. Also, no correlation was found between EGF and peritumoral oedema.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in cerebral neoplasms].

Angiogenesis plays an important role in growth of neoplasm. Among a variety of proangiogenic agents, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is regarded as a crucial mediator of tumour angiogenesis. It acts in a paracrine way through the receptors localised in endothelial cells. Many authors maintain that rich vasculature of the neoplasm is associated with its malignant nature. The aim of this study was to examine the relations between expression of VEGF and features of malignancy of brain tumours. Sixty-seven samples of brain tumours were examined: 17 meningiomas, 34 gliomas and 16 metastases to the central nervous system. Expression of VEGF was estimated by radioimmune assay. The authors confirmed the presence of this factor in all types of tumours but the highest concentration of VEGF was found in high-grade gliomas.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Counter current transfer and back transport of 3H-PGF2 alpha in the cow's broad ligament vasculature ipsilateral and contralateral to the corpus luteum.

Eight cows of similar age (5-7 years) were chosen for the experiment. Isolated reproductive tract was supplied with autologous oxygenated and heated (40 degrees C) blood through the uterine artery and ovarian artery. 3H-PGF2 alpha in total dose of 2 MBq (10(7) cpm) was injected into each of the uterine lumen of isolated organ. Blood samples were collected at 5 min intervals during 120 min of experiment using cannulae inserted into the branches of uterine arteries about 1 cm below the horns and from ovarian arteries inserted 0.5 cm below the ovaries. The concentration of 3H-PGF2 alpha found in blood plasma taken from uterine artery or from ovarian artery on the side with active corpus luteum (CL) was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) compare with contralateral side to active CL. Radioactive PGF2 alpha found in branches of uterine arteries on both ipsilateral and contralateral side to CL was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) compare to ovarian artery of the same side. It is concluded that absorption of 3H-PGF2 alpha from uterine lumen into venous blood as well as its counter current transfer in area of broad ligament vasculature were reduced on the side of uterine horn with active CL probably as an effect of estrogen:progesterone ratio on vascular constriction in area of uterine vasculature.

Adnexa Uteri↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Counter current transfer of PGF2 alpha in the mesometrial vessels as a mechanism for prevention of luteal regression in early pregnancy.

A new concept has been presented on the mechanism protecting the corpus luteum during oestrous cycle, early pregnancy and pseudopregnancy induced by oestrogens. The concept is based on the recently discovered mechanism of back transfer of prostaglandin F2 alpha from the broad ligament vasculature into the uterus and on the participation of oestrogen in this process. The morphological facilitates for counter-current transfer of PGF2 alpha in the area of mesometrial vasculature and ability the uterus to bind PGF2 alpha were presented. It has been concluded that the process of PGF2 alpha back-transfer from mesometrial vasculature into the uterus may reduce in uterine venous blood the amplitude of PGF2 alpha pulses and by this way may reduce the penetration of prostaglandin into subovarian area and from there to the corpus luteum.

Adnexa Uteri↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Presence of erythropoiesis inhibitor in the urine of normal sheep and those with transfused polycythemia.

Presence of erythropoiesis inhibitor in the urine of normal sheep and those with transfused polycythaemia. Acta Physiol. Pol., 1978, 29 (1): 37-46. Urine from 18 ewes, normal and with transfused polycythemia, was analysed. The consequences of polycythemia were estimated in the period between 96 and 192h. The 24 h urine portions were separated on Sephadex G 100 columns, and after dialysis, tested biologically on normal mice of the BALB/c and Swiss strains. Changes of the erythropoietic activity in normal mice receiving the particular plasma fractions demonstrated that in the urine fraction IV, a factor with activity characteristic for the erythropoiesis inhibitor, is present in most normal sheep and in all those with moderate polycythemia.

Animals↗