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Biomedical subjects

M Kulcsár

Publications and source records attributed to M Kulcsár.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Thyroid volumetric measurement and quantitative thyroid scintigraphy in dogs.

Thyroid volumetric measurement combined with quantitative 99mTc-per-technetate thyroid scintigraphy was performed in 62 clinical canine patients having suspected thyroid abnormalities. Euthyroid dogs (n = 22) had a total thyroid size of 3.60 +/- 1.36 cm3, the thyroid/salivary gland region of interest (ROI) ratio was 2.01 +/- 0.55, the thyroid/background ROI ratio was 3.86 +/- 0.90, and 20-min thyroid radioactivity uptake was 1.17 +/- 0.71% of the injected dose (I. D.). By Student's unpaired test, thyroid size of the hypothyroid group (n = 36) was not statistically different from that of the euthyroid dogs, but all other quantitative data (e.g., thyroid/salivary gland ROI ratio = 1.08 +/- 0.56, thyroid/background ROI ratio = 2.32 +/- 0.70, and 20-min thyroid radioactivity uptake = 0.34 +/- 0.22% of the I. D.) were significantly (p < 0.001) lower in hypothyroid than in euthyroid dogs. Evaluating the above-listed quantitative data of separated thyroid lobes by Student's paired test, there was no significant difference between the left and the right lobe either in the euthyroid or in the hypothyroid group.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism in dogs as compared to human diagnostic methods: a review.

Spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism is a common and well-recognised endocrine disorder occurring in dogs. The biochemical diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism rests on the documentation of excessive glucocorticoid levels or metabolites in urine or blood. The diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism is historically developed from human methods and based on non-dynamic and dynamic tests and visualisation. In some cases the different ranges of endocrine parameters or metabolites necessitate the modification of human protocols. Elevation of the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and its heat-resistant isoenzyme (SIAP) induced by endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoid excess raise the suspicion of hyperadrenocorticism. Cortisol values in morning urine are related to creatinine concentrations to correct for differences in urine concentration. Theoretically, the administration of dexamethasone (DX) at a relatively low dose (0.01 mg/kg of body weight) can inhibit the pituitary secretion of ACTH and, in turn, decrease endogenous cortisol secretion for as long as 24 to 48 h. Therefore, DX administration to dogs with a functioning adrenocortical tumour would not affect the plasma cortisol concentration at any time following its administration. The high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDS) is based on the observation that the function of adrenocortical tumours is independent of pituitary ACTH and they completely suppress ACTH secretion; therefore, regardless of its dose, dexamethasone is never able to suppress cortisol secretion. HDDS can be combined with the measurement of urinary cortisol/creatinine (c/c) ratio from morning urine samples on three consecutive days. In case of non-suppressible urinary c/c ratio one has to speculate on differentiating adrenal tumour (AT) from non-suppressible pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) due to a pituitary tumour arising from the intermediate lobe. Radiocholesterol scintigraphy is a less frequently used technique in the diagnosis of canine Cushing's syndrome (CCS); however, it has the same advantages in the localisation and characterisation of adrenocortical diseases as in humans.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMed1998

Progesterone determination in equine plasma using different immunoassays.

Several assay systems (3H radioimmunoassay (RIA) with and without extraction; microplate enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA); qualitative ELISA (tube test)] were used to measure plasma progesterone concentration in mare plasma. The direct RIA showed a close correlation (R = 0.94) with the extraction RIA. The direct RIA and the microplate ELISA were compared in two different studies. In the first study 1155 samples of postpartum mares were used for progesterone determination with both assays. The ELISA resulted in more elevated values both in oestrus and dioestrus (0.19+/-0.3 and 2.44+/-3.62 nmol/l for oestrus, n = 436, and 8.94+/-4.29 and 27.88+/-18.34 nmol/l for dioestrus, N = 719, for the RIA and ELISA, respectively, R = 0.71). The evaluation of individual progesterone profiles has revealed that the microplate ELISA detects the time of ovulation at the same time as it is determined by the RIA and clinical examination. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated for different progesterone threshold values. In the second study including 7 non-pregnant, cycling mares the progesterone concentration of 240 samples was determined by both assays. Basal values (Day 0) obtained with the ELISA were higher (1.57 nmol/l) than those of the RIA (0.2 nmol/l). Both curves reached the same maximum concentration (12.11 and 12.45 nmol/l) 5 days after ovulation. The correlation between the RIA and ELISA values was high (R = 0.90). The tube test was compared to the microplate ELISA as reference using 576 plasma samples of 34 non-pregnant, non-cycling mares included in an ovulation induction study. Of these samples 118 had higher and 458 had lower values than 3.18 nmol/l. In most cases the tube test was in complete agreement with the microplate ELISA. The sensitivity, specificity, + predictive and - predictive values for the tube test were 79.7%, 95.4%, 81.7% and 94.8%, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Long term exposure to T-2 Fusarium mycotoxin fails to alter luteal function, follicular activity and embryo recovery in mares.

The effect of long term administration of T-2 toxin was studied in 6 Trotter mares during the summer and early autumn. After one complete oestrous cycle (Cycle 1) each mare was given 7 mg purified T-2 toxin per os daily (1 mg/ml in ethyl alcohol) beginning on Day 10 after ovulation in Cycle 2. Exposure to toxin was continued for 32-40 days, until Day 7 of Cycle 4. During this period all the animals remained in good physical condition, but skin lesions were observed around the mouth in 3 cases. Toxin administration had no effect on the length of the interovulatory interval or on the lengths of the luteal and follicular phases. It also had no effect on peripheral plasma progesterone profiles or follicular kinetics, including the growth rate and maximum size of ovulatory follicles and the maximum number, and time of first increase in number, of follicles larger than 1 and 2 cm. Uterine flushing was attempted in 5 mares and yielded 3 embryos (60%). These were of normal size and morphology and one was transferred nonsurgically to a recipient mare; a conceptus developed initially but it subsequently died and was resorbed. The results of the study allowed the conclusion that the administration of 7 mg/day T-2 toxin to mares in good body condition has no detrimental effect on ovarian activity, fertilisation or oviductal transport.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Diagnostic value of certain mastitis markers in following up the clinical and bacteriological changes in pharmacotherapeutic studies.

Trends of certain mastitis markers were studied in udder quarters (n = 201) showing clinical symptoms of acute mastitis. Besides the clinical examination, before the first treatment (baseline sample), and about 3 weeks later, 17 to 24 days following the last treatment (control sample) milk samples were collected for bacteriological identification of the mastitis pathogens and for the determination of certain inflammatory markers: somatic cell count (SCC), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) and alpha 1-antitrypsin (ATR) activities, as well as bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chloride (Cl-) concentrations. Based upon the clinical and bacteriological status as well as the SCC recorded at the control investigations, 6 groups were established (recovered, latently infected, subclinical mastitis: bacteriologically positive and negative, as well as clinical mastitis: bacteriologically positive and negative). As compared to the baseline samples, all parameters decreased in the case of recovered udder quarters, as well as in those with abated latent infection or subclinical mastitis at the time of control examination. Comparing the control samples of the different categories, characteristic differences were found in NAGase activity, indicating the grade of cytodamaging effect of mastitis. Of the other markers, ATR and Cl- proved to be more adequate for the differentiation than BSA. It can be concluded that, in addition to SCC, first of all NAGase can be recommended for use as an inflammatory parameter in pharmacodynamic studies. Besides these two parameters, ATR and Cl- can also be chosen as a possible third marker.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1996

Influence of a deficient intake of high and low degradable protein on body composition, metabolic adaptation, production and reproductive performance in early lactation dairy cows.

High-yielding dairy cows (n = 34) were divided into high (HD) and low (LD) protein degradability groups after delivery, and used for a feeding trial which lasted up to day 80 +/- 10 of lactation. The cows were regularly weighed, their body condition was scored (BCS), and their reproductive status assessed. Blood samples were taken simultaneously, and ruminal fluid was collected on the last day of the trial. On postpartum day 45 +/- 6 and 11 days thereafter two prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) injections were administered. The ammonia and urea concentrations of the ruminal fluid were higher in cows of group HD. The C2:C3 ratio was 2.7:1 vs. 2.3:1 in HD and LD cows, respectively. The amino acid and lipid composition of blood reflected the dietary treatments. The BCS and blood urea concentration were slightly higher in HD animals. The average daily milk production of LD cows was 1.5 kg higher than that of HD cows. The pregnancy rates of the two groups at day 200 after calving did not differ, but LD cows showed their first visible oestrus and reconceived significantly (p < 0.05) later. It can be concluded that--at a marginal energy supply-a moderate (13%) deficiency of rumen-degradable protein during the first 10 weeks after calving can be more detrimental to reproductive performance than a severe (27%) deficiency of undegradable protein.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1979

Polythelia associated with disturbances of cardiac conduction.

The authors examined three groups of persons (hospitalized patients, outpatients, and school girls) and conclude that in the cases of polythelia the cardiac conduction disturbances occur considerably more frequently than in persons without polythelia. When polythelia and conduction disturbances occur frequently in a family, the coexistence of both disorders is most probably of hereditary origin.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗