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Biomedical subjects

M Kusumoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Kusumoto.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Utility of helical CT for the secondary mass screening of lung cancer].

From December 1991 to 1992, helical CT scan was performed in 55 patients with having abnormal shadow in the chest X-ray on the secondary screening for lung cancer. In all patients with suspected pulmonary lesions at first screening, helical CT scan was performed with 10 mm slice thickness for 300 mm. The moving speed of the patients table is 20 mm/l rot./1.5 sec for 300 mm in a single breath-hold. Helical CT allowed shortening of examination time and providing both better data continuity and resolution than conventional CT. In conclusion, helical CT can be useful for secondary screening of lung cancer but it was considered that there are some problems such as method of final pathological diagnosis and treatment for small nodular lesion.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical studies for usefulness of Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI in lung cancer].

To evaluate utility of Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI (Gd-MRI) in lung cancer, Gd-MRI was performed in 69 cases. 1) Viable tumor was strongly enhanced, necrosis in the tumor, however, was not enhanced on Gd-MRI. Enhanced patterns of Gd-MRI were divided into 3 types, however there was little correlation between the enhancement patterns and histologic types. 2) In serial scan studies of 15 cases, the signal intensity of the tumor reached the peak 3 minutes to 10 minutes after Gd-DTPA administration, and after that the signal intensity decreased gradually. 3) In 23 of 27 (85%) hilar lung cancer cases, Gd-MRI could differentiate the tumor from the peripheral obstructive pneumonia or atelectasis. In 18 of these 23 cases, the peripheral lung disease showed higher intensity than the tumor. 4) In Gd-MRI of pulmonary nodules less than 3 cm in diameter, lung cancers (n = 13) were more strongly enhanced than tuberculomas (n = 5) (p less than 0.001). Based on these data, Gd-MRI was helpful for detecting tumor necrosis and tumor extension on hilar lung cancer with peripheral lung disease. Moreover Gd-MRI may become a feasible diagnostic method for pulmonary nodules.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Mutagenicity of the reaction products of dibenzo-p-dioxin with nitrogen oxides.

Dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) was made to react with various concentrations of nitrogen oxides in the dark. The mutagenicities of the reaction products were tested using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 in the presence or absence of a mammalian metabolic activation system (S9 mix). DD-NOx (molar ratios 1:3, 1:6 and 1:18) reaction products exhibited mutagenic potency in strains TA98 and TA98/1,8-DNP6 without S9 mix. In a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry study, 2-nitrodibenzo-p-dioxin (NDD) was identified with authentic sample in the mutagenic reaction products. DD-NOx (1:18) reaction products were reduced by sodium hydrogen sulfide and the reduction mixture was analyzed by HPLC. 2,7-Dinitrodibenzo-p-dioxin (DNDD) and 2,8-DNDD were identified as corresponding diamino-DDs in the reduction mixture. 2-NDD, 2,7-DNDD and 2,8-DNDD were also mutagenic in strains TA98 and TA98/1,8-DNP6 without S9 mix and the mutagenicity of DD-NOx reaction products was largely accounted for by the nitro-DDs.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1992

Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging has played a role in the diagnosis of thoracic disease; however, the role has been limited compared with that of CT. In the past year, there were a few additional reports of MR imaging in the diagnosis of thoracic disease, which include a multi-institutional study comparing MR imaging with CT and histopathologic correlative studies evaluating gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging. Furthermore, several excellent reviews of MR imaging of thoracic disease were published. In general, the recent literature supports information previously reported. In the future, developments in lung parenchymal imaging and pulmonary vascular imaging are anticipated.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

MRI of mediastinal cavernous hemangioma.

A cavernous hemangioma of the anterior mediastinum was studied by CT and MRI. CT did not give the diagnosis of the vascular tumor but MRI demonstrated the morphology of the vascular tumor. MRI is very useful for detecting a vascular tumor in the mediastinum.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis of invasion to thoracic aorta and superior vena cava in lung cancer; comparative studies on CT and MRI in resected or autopsied cases].

The diagnostic accuracy of invasion to the thoracic aorta (n = 23) and the superior vena cava (n = 22) on CT and MRI was compared to operative or autopsied finding in lung cancer. MRI was slightly superior to CT in its ability to diagnose tumor invasion to them. It is noteworthy that this invasion could be easily demonstrated by multiplanar MRI. In conclusion, because CT or MRI has diagnostic weak point respectively, these modalities should be combined adequately corresponding to the areas of tumor invasion.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental study of arterial damage induced by anti-cancer drug infusion].

In order to clarify the cause of arterial changes after intra-arterial infusion of anti-cancer drugs (AI-AD) experiments were made on the arteries of rabbits. Histopathologic sections, 7 days after AI-AD revealed endothelial damage characterized by pyknosis, hyalinization with edematous change of the intimal layer. Proliferation of the endothelial cells was also observed. The cause of narrowing or occlusion of the arteries was considered to occur with thrombus formation surrounded by the proliferated endothelial cells and this suggested that thrombolytic agents would be effective to prevent these arterial changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging in the assessment of lung cancer patients: primary lung cancer staging, evaluation of therapeutic effect and diagnosis of recurrent tumor].

Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were compared in a prospective study of 137 lung cancer patients proved by surgery or autopsy for determining the staging, evaluation of therapeutic effect and diagnosis of recurrent tumor. 1. Lung cancer staging In peripheral lung cancer, T1 and T2 relaxation times of the tumors before operation have some correlation with those of operated specimens. These relaxation times, however, are of limited nodule characterization. Hilar mass and adjacent pulmonary consolidation (obstructive pneumonia or collapse) can be distinguished on T2-weighted image (77%) and Gd-DTPA enhanced image (80%). Therefore these images help in distinguishing tumor from peripheral lung disease. In the diagnosis of tumor invasion to the heart and great vessels, MRI is superior to CT because MRI can be helpful in distinguishing true mass from heart and great vessels. As for the chest wall, MRI is more useful than CT in detecting tumor invasion especially to the thoracic inlet and superior regions. In the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy, MRI is equivalent or slightly inferior to CT, but MRI can easily demonstrate the lymphadenopathy at subcarinal region on coronal image. 2. Evaluation of therapeutic effect in lung cancer patients treated by radiation and chemotherapy MRI patterns of therapeutic effect was divided into 3 types. It is suggested that there is some correlation between these patterns and histologic types. MRI can easily demonstrate necrotic area on T2-weighted and Gd-DTPA enhanced images. 3. Diagnosis of recurrent tumor in treated lung cancer Concerning detecting recurrent tumor after surgery or irradiation, and delineating tumor from radiation pneumonitis, T2-weighted and Gd-DTPA enhanced images are of clinical value.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

[In vitro culture of mouse embryos for toxicological evaluation. (3): Effect of carcinogens on development of the embryos].

Mouse embryos were collected at the 2 cell or 8 cell stage. The embryos of each stage were exposed to 1 pM-10 nM 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) or 1 nM-10 microM N-methyl-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for 24 hr, and cultured to develop to blastocysts within clean medium. Since after exposure to 4-NQO, the appearance of early blastocysts and blastocysts were increased in exposure groups compared with controls, the growth to the 8 cell stage embryo (8-E) appeared to be late in development. Frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and mitotic index were increased with doses in the blastocysts (2-B) which derived from 2-E. There was little change in the SCE and mitotic index for blastocysts (8-B) which derived from the 8 cell stage embryo (8-E). Cessation of development in the 2 cell stage embryo (2-E) appeared in the 10 microM group during the period of exposure to MNNG. Development to the 8-E stage appeared to be slightly late in the other exposed groups. Thereafter at 48 hr after the initiation of culture, the exposed groups appeared to be more advanced in development than the controls. After this period, developmental rates to blastocysts were increased in the 10-100 nM groups. It appeared that the development of these groups was more advanced. In 2-B after exposure to MNNG, cell counts were dose-responsively increased in the 1 and 10 nM groups. The mitotic index in the 1 to 100 nM groups was higher than the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1986

[Toxicological evaluation of an in vitro culture of mouse embryos; effect of non-carcinogenic mutagens for the development of embryos].

Short term drug toxicities were investigated using cultures of mouse embryos in the early stage of development. These embryos were collected at the two- or eight-cell stage. They were exposed to bleomycin (B1) or 6-mercaptopurine (MP) for 24 hr, thereafter, they were grown in BMOC-3 medium without these agents until the blastocyst stage. Total culturing period was 72 hr for the two-cell embryos and 48 hr for the eight-cell embryos. At the end of the culture periods, the number of cells, mitotic index and frequencies of sister chromatid exchange in these embryos after these exposures were unaltered. However, the death rate of embryos was elevated by the exposure to either B1 or MP. These agents are regarded as non-carcinogenic mutagens; therefore, it is suggested that these compounds are lethal to the embryos through an induction of mutation.

Animals↗