Osteomyelitis of the mandible in HIV infection.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M L Chindia
Publications and source records attributed to M L Chindia.
Osteosarcoma of the maxillofacial bones in Kenyans.
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant tumour and is the most common primary neoplasm of bone; although rare, especially in the maxillofacial skeleton. This article presents 14 Kenyan cases of OS of the maxillofacial bones seen between January 1991 and July 1997: 11 in the mandible, two in the maxilla and one in the right zygomatic arch. Patients ranged in age from one week to 50 years (Mean = 29.7), with an equal gender distribution. While pain and rapid swelling were the commonest clinical features, the radiographic and histopathological characteristics were as varied as has been described elsewhere. Generally, effective management of most of the cases was poor due to late presentation for treatment.
Adolescent↗
Chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible following tooth extraction in HIV infection.
A case is presented of refractory chronic osteomyelitis of the left mandible arising after a tooth extraction in HIV infection. The challenges of prompt diagnosis and the dilemma of satisfactory management are highlighted. It is imperative that dental and oral health providers have a particularly high index of suspicion of conditions that occur in HIV infection so that early identification and appropriate management may be instituted.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
Gangrenous stomatitis (cancrum oris): clinical features, etiologic factors, and complications.
Gangrenous stomatitis (cancrum oris) is a lesion involving the orofacial structures that is primarily seen in areas where the socioeconomic standards are low and there is poor hygiene. The general clinical features, associated etiologic factors, and ensuing complications in eight consecutive cases diagnosed between 1991 and 1995 are presented and discussed.
Child↗
HIV-associated fulminating herpes zoster infection with alveolar necrosis and tooth exfoliation: a case report.
This paper presents a case of HIV-associated fulminating herpes zoster infection (HZI) that culminated in right mandibular necrosis and tooth exfoliation. The occurrence of such infection in immunosuppression and the impending clinical features are briefly reviewed and discussed.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
Periodontal status following trapezoidal and semilunar flaps in apicectomy.
Apicectomy is offered where routine endodontics cannot resolve periapical inflammation. This study compared the influence on periodontal attachment level of two surgical procedures, the trapezoidal (TF) and the semilunar (SF) flaps. Twenty patients aged 16-44 years (mean 23.2 years), were randomly assigned to either flap procedure. Prior to surgery the patients received periodontal prophylaxis and oral hygiene instruction. Records were made of gingival indices, pocket depth and the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the bottom of the gingival pocket. The measurements involved buccal surfaces of 13 to 23. The TF flap extended from 14 to 24 between the interdental papillae, whereas the SF flap was carried in a semi circle from 14 to 24 about 2mm from the attached gingiva. The surgical wounds were closed with black silk sutures. Antibiotics and analgesics were prescribed. Sutures were removed after one week. On recall after 6, 12 and 24 weeks the same measurements as before surgery were made. No statistically significant change was observed in pocket depth or attachment level between TF and SF flaps (p > 0.05). However, the TF flap produced less noticeable scarification than the SF flap.
Adolescent↗
Discolouration of teeth: an overview of the diagnosis and management.
The dentist is faced with a daunting task in application of clinical skills to achieve maximum cosmetic results when it comes to the management of discoloured and/or hypoplastic dentition. In this paper, an overview is made of the diagnosis and the management of these broadly termed conditions and the cost-effectiveness of the various modalities discussed.
Dental Scaling↗
Orofacial lesions as indicators of HIV/AIDS among dental patients in Kenya.
Despite an estimated prevalence of 3-5% of HIV infection in Kenya, little has been reported on the occurrence of oral lesions amongst the afflicted individuals. We report ten cases who presented with orofacial lesions and subsequent serological evaluation confirmed them seropositive. In the light of the numerous problems facing clinical staff in less developed countries, these findings underscore the significance of clinical identification of more probable HIV patients on the basis of orofacial signs. Continuing education with respect to HIV infection through wider dissemination of information on orofacial signs to clinical staff especially in the context of invasive care and containment of infection are recommended.
Adult↗
Congenital epulis of the newborn: a report of two cases.
Congenital epulis of the newborn is a rare lesion whose histogenesis and natural clinical history have remained obscure. Even with the advent of modern histopathological techniques, it has not been possible to depict specific cellular features unique to this lesion. However, it is important that new cases are reported from all populations so that their occurrence and frequency may be easily noted. Furthermore, the lesion is important as a differential diagnosis of other aggressive lesions early in life. This report presents two Kenyan cases.
Female↗
Congenital lower lip pits and bilateral clefting of the upper lip.
An apparently sporadic case of congenital lower lip pits in association with upper lip bilateral clefts is described in an 11-month-old boy. The presentation, mode of inheritance, aetiology and genetic significance are briefly reviewed.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Alcohol injection in the management of paroxysmal trigeminal neuralgia: a report of six cases.
The report revisits the role of alcohol in the treatment of paroxysmal trigeminal neuralgia (PTN). The study included 6 patients, 3 male and 3 female, average age 50 years. In 3 cases PTN involved both the infraorbital and mental nerves; in 2 cases the infraorbital alone while one case had buccal branch involvement. In each case 2mls standard Lignocaine was infiltrated at each site followed by 2mls 60% sterile alcohol. All patients reported swelling postoperatively. One case with mental and infraorbital nerve involvement complained of oral dysaesthesia. Another patient with similar involvement failed to respond and developed trismus. Responders remained pain-free for 9 months on average. While paroxysmal trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) has been recognised for centuries, the aetiology and definitive treatment remain obscure. Since this is a debilitating condition, management should aim at improving the quality of life. Alcohol is available, affordable and offers useful results where medical resources provide limited PTN treatment modalities.
Adult↗
Current concepts in the recognition and classification of pain with special emphasis on orofacial pain: a review.
Despite extensive investigation, pain cannot always be adequately diagnosed or cured. Subsequently, the management of pain can be daunting. The diagnosis of pain, however, is crucial to its effective management because of the grave influence that pain has on the quality of life. The biggest drawback in the management of pain is the lack of understanding, on the part of the practitioner, of the peripheral and central modulation of pain. The objective of this paper is to briefly review the current concepts in the recognition of and classification of pain, with emphasis on orofacial pain.
Developing Countries↗
Occurrence and pattern of mandibular fractures at Kisii District Hospital, Kenya.
A retrospective study of the hospital records revealed that 39 cases of mandibular fractures presented at Kisii District Hospital during a two-year period. 27 cases were due to interpersonal violence while road traffic accidents and accidental falls accounted for 9 and 3 of the cases respectively. The male ratio was 2.9:1. Majority (26 cases) of the patients were aged between 20 and 39 years. The commonly involved fracture site was the left body of the mandible accounting for 20 of the fractures.
Accidental Falls↗
Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) in three Kenyan girls: case reports.
We report the first three patients diagnosed with focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) in Kenya. Clinically they presented as focal or diffuse papillomatous lesions in the oral mucosa. Histopathological features rule out other similar lesions inter alia multiple fibro-epithelial and viral warts.
Child↗
Dental caries, malocclusion and fractured incisors in children from a pastoral community in Kenya.
The prevalence of dental caries, malocclusion and fractured incisors was investigated in 245 children from a pastoral community in Kenya. Forty-eight per cent of them were found to be caries-free. The overall mean DMFT was 1.9 (s.d. 2.7). Among those with caries, the mean DMFT was 3.0 (s.d. 2.0). Fifty-eight per cent of the children had malocclusion. Overall, 84% of the sample had Angle's Class I, 11% Class II and 5% Class III molar relation. The prevalence of fractured incisors was 15%. Most of the fractures were in the maxilla and involved enamel only. Minimal treatment had been carried out on the children.
Adolescent↗
Tensile strength of orthodontic brackets bonded directly to fluorotic and nonfluorotic teeth: an in vitro comparative study.
Information related to bonding of orthodontic brackets to fluorotic teeth is scanty. The purpose of this study was to compare, in vitro, the tensile bond strength and the bond failure site of brackets bonded directly to fluorotic and nonfluorotic teeth. The etching patterns were also evaluated. The study involved 26 teeth classified as score 3 and 4, and 26 as score 0 with the Thylstrup and Fejerskov's (TF) fluorosis index. In addition to the clinical classification, difference in the concentration of fluoride in the teeth was verified by acid etching. Brackets were bonded with a composite resin after etching the enamel surface with 40% phosphoric acid for 60 seconds. Tensile bond strength was determined with an Instron testing machine. The bond failure site was assessed by the percentage of residue cement on the tooth surface after debonding and the etching pattern by SEM. The mean concentration of fluoride was 2888.5 ppm (SD 1081.7) in the fluorotic teeth and 1227.1 ppm (SD 526.3) in the nonfluorotic teeth. The mean bond strength was 7.8 N/mm2 (SD 1.47) for the fluorotic teeth and 8.6 N/mm2 (SD 2.19) for the nonfluorotic teeth. The difference between the means for bond strength was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05). Bond failure site was primarily at the bracket-adhesive interface. The mean percentage of adhesive on the enamel surface after debonding was 70% (SD 25.90) for the fluorotic teeth and 75% (SD 24.66) for nonfluorotic teeth. The difference in the means was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acid Etching, Dental↗
Behçet's syndrome presenting with chronic periodontitis: a case report.
Behçet's syndrome is a disease of uncertain aetiology characterised by recurrent oral and genital ulcerations, ocular lesions and skin lesions. Although cases of this syndrome have been reported almost worldwide, the literature did not reveal any reports from this region. Management of this disorder is mainly palliative. However several treatment regimens have been tried. Following are some of the treatments considered effective. Azathioprine, corticosteroids, chlorambucil, transfusions of fresh blood or plasma and fibrinolytic therapy with phenformin and ethyloestrenol. The importance of multi-disciplinary management of such patients is emphasized.
Behcet Syndrome↗