PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M L Chukhlovina

Publications and source records attributed to M L Chukhlovina.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Raised prolactin levels in myasthenia gravis: two case reports and a study of two patient populations.

OBJECTIVES: To describe two patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and prolactinoma and analyze the associations between MG and prolactin (PRL) levels. DESIGN: Two case reports and a case-control study of PRL levels in 192 patients with MG. PARTICIPANTS: The Immunological Research Laboratory, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine and the Department of Neurology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; St Petersburg Medical Academy for Postgraduate Studies, and St Petersburg State Medical Pediatric Academy, Russia. RESULTS: Two women with MG and thymic hyperplasia accompanied by prolactinomas are described. The levels of plasma PRL were raised in 101 women with MG, but not in 91 men. There was an association between high PRL levels and high levels of autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association of MG with raised levels of PRL in women. PRL has stimulating effects on immune activation and the increased levels might thus be implied in the pathophysiology of MG.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Ischemic cerebral stroke in the young].

The authors of the review discuss etiological factors, pathogenesis, and diagnostic peculiarities of ischemic stroke in young patients (less than 45). Special attention is paid to the role of arterial hypertension, heart diseases, and blood pathology in ischemic stroke pathogenesis. The frequency of brain infarction grows due to meningovascular syphilis and drug abuse. Genetic aspects of ischemic stroke are discussed in detail. Brain infarction diagnostics is shown to require interdisciplinary approach, which provides early diagnosis, timely and appropriate therapy, favorable outcome, and prevention of recurrent ischemic strokes in young patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Specific features of pathogenesis and diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke in young patients].

The paper deals with hemorrhagic stroke (HS) pathogenesis and diagnosis in young people. Among cerebrovascular diseases in the young acute hemorrhagic strokes take noticeable place. Arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcoholism are among risk factors of subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH). Massive hemorrhages occur in the rupture of arterial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. HS in the young may be caused by blood diseases, i.e. leukemias, hemophilias, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, coagulopathies; vasculitis in diffuse diseases of the connective tissue; non-inflammatory arteriopathies; drug addiction. Genetic predisposition to HS development is discussed with focus to such diseases as a family form of moya-moya disease, glucocorticoid-depressed hyperaldosteronism, elastic pseudoxanthoma, Marfan's syndrome, renal olycystosis, Sturge-Veber syndrome. It is recommended to use wider updated methods of neurovisualization (CT, MRT, angiography) in diagnosis of HS. The conclusion is made that HS diagnosis, especially in the young, needs a multidisciplinary approach with active participation of neurologist, neurosurgeon, therapist, endocrinologist, hematologist.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The use of bemitil in patients with progressive muscular dystrophies].

Bemithyl treatment was carried out in 22 patients with neuromuscular diseases (progressive myodystrophy). The actoprotector bemithyl inhibited in these patients the processes of lipid peroxidation, activation of neoglucogenesis favours improvement of interorganic exchange of metabolites. Bemithyl is recommended in patients with progressive myodystrophy along with drugs normalizing the protein, energy and electrolyte metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in the lymphoid tissue and metabolic shifts in the liver in thymus hormone deficiency].

The investigation has been performed on 44 Wistar rats, some of them at the age of 2 months have been subjected to thymectomy. In 3, 6 and 12 months in the spleen, axillary and popliteal lymph nodes density of cell populations, position of lymphatic nodules have been determined, and in the liver--activity of key enzymes of gluconeogenesis. In the animals with the deficiency of the thymic hormones the most manifested changes are seen in 3 and 12 months: decrease in cell population density in the lymph nodes and in their T-dependent zones, decrease in amount of small lymphocytes, in density of the lymphoid nodules arrangement. The dynamics of processes is also followed at analysis of the key enzymes activity of gluconeogenesis in the liver: glucose-6-phosphatase activity is decreased in 3 months after thymectomy, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxycinase activity--in 12 months. Fructose-1,6-diphosphotase activity is not changed. The thymic hormones deficiency is supposed to disturb the ratio of cyclic nucleotides and in this way participate both in inhibition of the immune function and in decrease of metabolic activity mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of bemitil in neuromuscular diseases].

Studies into the mechanism of the therapeutic action of bemitil were carried out in 21 patients with neuromuscular diseases. Measurements of lipid peroxidation and permeability of the erythrocytic membranes demonstrated the drug to influence carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and permeability of the cellular membranes. It is recommended that bemitil be used for the treatment of neuromuscular diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Indicators of lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte membrane permeability in patients with myasthenia gravis].

Twenty-five patients suffering from myasthenia with no thymectomy were examined for lipid peroxidation (LPO) and erythrocytic membrane permeability. A study was also made of spontaneous and induced LPO, the level of diene conjugates and permeability of the erythrocytic membranes in mixtures of isotonic urea and sodium chloride solutions of varying volumetric concentrations. LPO activation which was coupled with an increase of erythrocytic membrane permeability was revealed. The data obtained point to the impairment of membrane apparatus function in patients with myasthenia and allow recommending the use of the membrane-stabilizing therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The characteristics of the oxygen-transport function of hemoglobin in myasthenia patients].

A study is presented of the oxygen-transport function of hemoglobin in 50 patients suffering of myasthenia. Age of the patients: from 18 to 70 years. The patients showed increased level of the erythrocytic 2,3-DPG which is a sensitive index of the state of tissue oxygenation and changes of the kinetics of oxygen by hemoglobin. The obtained results permit to evaluate the mechanisms of development of respiratory insufficiency in patients with myasthenia, favours adequate assessment of the severity grades of the disease, help to plan pathogenetic treatment.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
PubMed1990

[Biological significance of thymus hormone deficiency during physical stress].

In animals with a deficit of thymus hormones there are detected activation of lipid peroxidation processes, changes in activity of key enzymes of energy-supplying tracts of anaerobic and pentose cycles along with antioxidative protection and ionic content of erythrocytes. Apparently thymus removal, causing its hormones' deficit and disturbances in the system of neurohormonal regulation, modified the synthesis and activity of key metabolic enzymes. The character of biochemical shifts in erythrocytes of the animals with a deficit of thymus hormones during their adaptation to physical load demonstrated functional stress of protective mechanisms and disorders of adaptative blood reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of thymectomy on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the rat].

12 months after thymectomy (TE), the diminution of glucose concentration, glucose metabolic products in blood and decreased activity of liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase of rats were demonstrated. The disturbance of gluconeogenesis in TE rats, however, proceeded in a latent manner within 9 months. These data suggest that thymectomized animals, along with T-immunodeficiency, develop an inhibited gluconeogenesis. The thymus gland seems to influence the glucose homeostasis either directly or through some interactions with the neuroendocrine controlling system.

Adrenal Cortex↗