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Biomedical subjects

M L Elgart

Publications and source records attributed to M L Elgart.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sexually transmitted diseases of the vulva.

Sexually transmitted disorders may present on the vulva as ulcers, rashes, edema, adenopathy, or pruritus. Clinical and laboratory skills are needed to distinguish one from another so that the proper treatment is selected and further venereal spread is prevented.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Skin necrosis following prolonged administration of coumarin in a patient with inherited protein S deficiency.

Depression of the vitamin K-dependent modulators of coagulation during the initial phase of oral anticoagulant therapy may lead to a transient hypercoagulable state and skin necrosis. We report a case of skin necrosis associated with inherited protein S deficiency following prolonged coumarin therapy. As a result of a stasis ulceration causing a rise in c4b binding protein and concurrent treatment with topical sulfonamide, we hypothesize that a precipitous decrease in free protein S led to skin necrosis. Progression of the necrosis was halted with unactivated prothrombin complex concentrate. This case confirms the rare association between coumarin induced skin necrosis and protein S deficiency and emphasizes potential drug interactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pediculosis.

Pediculosis can be caused by two distinctly different organisms, the head louse and the pubic louse. Although differing anatomically, they produce equivalent disorders, with itching, bites, and nits on the hairs. The head louse causes disease of the scalp, while the pubic louse lives in short hair in the pubic regions, the body, the axillae, the eyebrows, and the eyelashes. Both can be treated with gamma isomer of hexachlorobenzene, but various mixtures of pyrethrins seem more effective. The body louse, which exactly resembles the head louse, is the only one that can transmit disease. Treatment of body louse infestation is mainly cleanliness: washing the patient and changing his clothing.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Scabies.

Scabies is a mite infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei. Varieties of this organism can produce disease on 40 different species of animal, including humans. The organisms mature, burrow, and lay eggs. The newly hatched larvae mature and mate on the skin, causing itching and excoriated papules on humans, and mange, with crusts and oozing, on hair-bearing animals. Treatment with the gamma isomer of hexachlorobenzene or with pyrethrins is effective. Care must be taken that all infected or exposed individuals are treated. The role of fomites in the transmission of the disease is not clear. Most cases seem to be transmitted by close personal contact.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Flies and myiasis.

Many species of flies cause insect bites. The Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus flies, which carry leishmaniasis, and the Simulium flies, which carry onchocerciasis, have the greatest impact. Fly larvae, or maggots, can be used to cleanse necrotic debris from a wound. Although repulsive, this may be effective. Some larvae are obligatory parasites of warm-blooded animals and sometimes of man. These must burrow into the flesh in order to develop. Screwworms cause great problems for livestock and, rarely, for man. Dermatobia hominis is the most common such parasite seen in the United States. Infection with this parasite, botfly myiasis, is described in detail.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Onchocerciasis and dracunculosis.

Onchocerciasis is a disease of Africa and Central and South America. It produces severe skin disease and is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Dracunculosis infection, caused by the guinea worm Dracunculosis medinensis, occurs in tropical Africa. Included in this article are discussions of the vector and transmission, pathology, immunology, diagnosis, and treatment of these two diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cutaneous lesions of sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a disease of varied clinical and dermatologic manifestations. The extent and severity of the skin lesions may be of value in the diagnosis and prognosis of the systemic disease.

Biopsy↗