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Biomedical subjects

M L Hansmann

Publications and source records attributed to M L Hansmann.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Immunoelectronmicroscopic investigation of Hodgkin's disease with monoclonal antibodies against histiocytes.

8 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD nodular sclerosis (n = 3), HD mixed type (n = 2), and nodular paragranuloma (n = 3] were investigated with monoclonal antibodies against histiocytes (Ki-M1, Ki-M3, Ki-M4, Ki-M6, and Ki-M7). Reactivity of H- and SR-cells with the monoclonal antibodies Ki-M3 and Ki-M7 could be shown at the ultrastructural level in cases of HD of nodular sclerosis and mixed type. In nodular paragranuloma no positive H-, SR- nor L & H-cells could be demonstrated. The reaction site of the monoclonal antibodies in H- and SR-cells was comparable to those in histiocytes.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Human monoclonal antibody against human lymphocytic cells. A human monoclonal antibody that reacts preferentially with human lymphocytic cells.

Human monoclonal antibodies may replace human or xenogeneic antisera and mouse monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic applications. The human IgM monoclonal antibody Ha6D3 was produced after in vitro immunization and fusion with a mouse myeloma. Its reactivity against human normal and leukemic cells was investigated in cytotoxicity assays, and the antigen distribution in normal tissues was investigated with biotinylated Ha6D3 and avidin-peroxidase complexes. It was shown that Ha6D3 reacts preferentially with human lymphocytic cells. Only moderate reactions with epithelial cells in some organs were observed in cryostat sections, but because of poor accessibility in vivo these reactions were considered to be negligible.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Multinucleated giant cells generated in vitro. Terminally differentiated macrophages with down-regulated c-fms expression.

Although multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) are a known feature of granulomatous reactions, little is known about their destination and function. In this study human blood monocyte (BM)-derived giant cells were generated by lymphokine stimulation in vitro. Their immunophenotype and ultrastructural morphology resembled that of MGCs occurring in vivo. Mitotic activity within MGCs could not be established either in vitro or in vivo. Enzyme equipment of MGCs was elevated in comparison with monocyte-macrophages. In comparison with unfused monocyte-macrophages, MGCs did not reveal a higher level of interleukin-1 production or cytostatic activity. They showed, however, a 20-30-fold increase in the production of oxygen-free radicals in response to zymosan. Transcription of the proto-oncogene c-fms was enhanced in short-term cultivated BM and was rapidly down-regulated in MGCs after fusion had occurred. It is concluded that MGCs represent highly stimulated cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage at a terminal stage of maturation.

Antigens↗
PubMed1987

Comparative microcytometric analysis of European peripheral T-cell malignant lymphomas (EPTL) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphomas (ATLL) in Japan.

A simultaneous microcytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content and size was performed in 8 European peripheral T cell lymphomas (EPTL) and 8 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphomas (ATLL), comparing their patterns on the nuclear density scattergram (NDS) of DNA content versus nuclear size. The intermingling lymphocytes with or without irregular-shaped nuclei in EPTL and ATLL were interpreted as stimulated reactive. Medium-sized cell-dominated T-zone lymphomas and ATLL pleomorphic medium-sized cell type showed two distribution patterns in the diploid range. The first was oblique zonal cluster (OZC) with the second high concentration in the middle part of it, suggesting mixed proliferation with stimulated reactive lymphocytes, and the second was the high concentration in the lower region of the NDS with some cells corresponding to the growth fraction. In large cell-dominated T-zone lymphomas and ATLL pleomorphic large cell type, the third decreasing pattern in the cell density from the lower part of the OZC to its upper part was found upto the hypertetraploid range. The wide distribution on DNS and giant cells with aneuploid high DNA content were found only in the pleomorphic large cell type and the pleomorphic medium-sized and large cell type of ATLL. The T-immunoblastic type of EPTL showed the third pattern and the pleomorphic large cell type of EPTL, characteristic in the clear cytoplasm, showed the second pattern.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1987

Distribution of gastrointestinal hormones in the adaptive response after small bowel transplantation.

Enteroendocrine regulatory peptides may play an important role in the adaptation of small bowel mucosa, and it is likely that they act interdependently with neural and luminal stimuli. We assessed their action in rats by morphometric evaluation of enteroendocrine cells after heterotopic accessory small bowel transplantation (SBT), in which the graft is shunted off from the intestinal passage and is entirely deprived of neural connections, and after orthotopic SBT with normal intestinal passage. Sections of the jejunum and the ileum of the graft were immunostained with antibodies to cholecystokinin (CKK), neurotensin (NT) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). The amount and distribution of positive cells was assessed semiquantitatively. Three weeks after SBT in the heterotopic graft there was a marked decrease in CCK and NT positive cells and VIP positive fibres in the entire organ, compared with the controls. Histological examination revealed that villi and crypts had atrophied. After orthotopic SBT the number of CCK and NT positive cells increased and exceeded normal values by 20-40%. VIP positive fibres did not reach normal amounts. No mucosal atrophy was detected. These findings support the view that the intrinsic neurohormonal system is reestablished in the grafted small bowel and that enteroendocrine regulatory peptides may act as trophic factors that are responsible for adaptation after SBT.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

Ki-M7 monoclonal antibody specific for myelomonocytic cell lineage and macrophages in human.

We describe a new monoclonal antibody, termed Ki-M7, which is specific to human myelomonocytic cell lineage and macrophages, as tested by immunohistochemical methods. Ki-M7 recognizes an intracytoplasmic antigen of molecular weight 29,000. Ultrastructurally, the antigen is localized in the lysosome and phagosome compartments and seems to be involved in generation of oxygen radicals during the respiratory burst. Dendritic cells, such as dendritic reticulum cells of lymphoid follicles and interdigitating reticulum cells of lymphoid T-zones, considered as accessory cells of the B- and T-cell immune response, respectively, do not show any reactivity with monoclonal antibody Ki-M7. Ki-M7 seems to be an appropriate reagent to clearly differentiate between the phagocytosing and the immune accessory population of the human monocyte/macrophage system.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Unusual crystalline inclusions in a case of AIDS-related complex.

A lymph node of a patient with AIDS-related complex was studied with light and electron microscopic techniques. In numerous plasma cells and follicular center cells amorphous and unusual crystalline structures which probably consist of abnormal immunoglobulin could be found.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

Ki-M8 monoclonal antibody reactive with an intracytoplasmic antigen of monocyte/macrophage lineage.

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb), Ki-M8, that reacts specifically with cells of the monocyte/macrophage system is described. On light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry, Ki-M8 recognizes intracytoplasmatically localized antigens of mol wt 30,000 and 32,000, increasingly expressed during differentiation of monocytes into macrophages. Ki-M8 antigen is detectable on almost all known tissue macrophages and monocyte/macrophage-related cell lines after appropriate stimulation. In functional terms Ki-M8 significantly impairs the generation of oxygen radicals during an induced respiratory burst. Applied to acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias, a clear-cut differentiation of the monocytic phenotype and differentiation is possible on the basis of Ki-M8 immunoreactivity. Ki-M8 represents a reagent specific for the monocyte/macrophage system with regard to antigen distribution in normal and neoplastic cells as well as with regard to its influence on a typical monocyte/macrophage-related function.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Cytogenetic findings in nodular paragranuloma (Hodgkin's disease with lymphocytic predominance; nodular) and in progressively transformed germinal centers.

Cytogenetic studies were performed in a case of progressively transformed germinal centers (PTGC), and in a case of nodular paragranuloma (NP; Hodgkin's disease with lymphocytic predominance, nodular type). No cytogenetic abnormalities were detected in PTGC. Chromosomal aberrations (hyperdiploidy, 6q-, +21, and several unidentified markers) were found in NP. The results support the proposal that PTGC are reactive in nature and NP is a neoplasm. Chromosomal analysis could provide practical diagnostic aids in the differential diagnosis of PTGC and NP.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical characterization of the thymic microenvironment. A light-microscopic and ultrastructural immunocytochemical study.

The epithelial framework of the human thymus has been studied in parallel by immunohistochemical methods at the light- and electron-microscopic levels. Different monoclonal antibodies were used, reacting with components of the major histocompatibility complex, keratins, thymic hormones and other as yet antigenically undefined substances, which show specific immunoreactivities with human thymus epithelial cells. The electron-microscopic immunocytochemical observations clearly confirm microtopographical differences of epithelial cells not only between the thymic cortex and medulla, but also within the cortex itself. At least four subtypes of epithelial cells could be distinguished: 1) the cortical surface epithelium; 2) the main cortical epithelial cells and thymic nurse cells; 3) the medullary epithelial cells; and 4) the epithelial cells of Hassall's corpuscles. The various epithelial cell types of the thymus display several common features like tonofilaments, desmosomes and some surface antigens as demonstrated by anti-KiM3. In other respects, however, they differ from each other. The cortical subtype of thymic epithelial cells including the thymic nurse cells shows a distinct pattern of surface antigens reacting positively with antibodies against HLA-DR (anti-HLA-DR) and anti-21A62E. Electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry with these antibodies clearly reveals a surface labeling and a narrow contact to cortical thymocytes particularly in the peripheral cortical regions. An alternative staining pattern is realized by antibodies to some antigens associated with other subtypes of thymic epithelial cells. Medullary epithelial cells as well as the cortical surface epithelium react likewise positively with antibodies to special surface antigens (anti-Ep-1), to special epitopes of cytokeratin (anti-IV/82), and to thymic hormones (anti-FTS). The functional significance of distinct microenvironments within the thymus provided by different epithelial cells is discussed in view of the maturation of T-precursor cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Germinal center derived malignant lymphoma in cystadenolymphoma.

Two cases of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in an Albrecht-Arzt-tumour are reported. In the first case a centroblastic-centrocytic lymphoma in a palatinal cystadenolymphoma of a 64-year-old female is described. In the other case a centroblastic lymphoma developed in an Albrecht-Arzt-tumor of the submandibular region in an 82-year-old man. The occurrence of a high-grade malignant lymphoma in cystadenolymphoma has not been reported in the literature so far.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1986

Paragranuloma is a variant of Hodgkin's disease with predominance of B-cells.

Fifteen cases of Hodgkin's disease of nodular and diffuse paragranuloma subtype (nodular and diffuse subtype of lymphocyte predominant type of Hodgkin's disease) were studied by light and electron microscopy, using monoclonal antibodies recognizing T and B-lymphocytes and dendritic reticulum cells. The results were compared with findings on 10 cases of Hodgkin's disease of mixed type with lymphocyte predominance. The present study provides evidence that paragranuloma represents a special variant of Hodgkin's disease different from other subtypes. Paragranuloma is characterized by predominance of B-cells which were demonstrated with a new B cell reagent KiB3 on routinely processed paraffin sections.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Immunoelectron microscopic localization of immunoglobulin in B-cell lymphomas.

Subcellular localization of immunoglobulin (Ig) by immunoelectron microscopy was performed on 20 B-cell lymphomas of low- and high-grade malignancy. The efficiency in demonstrating Ig by pre-embedding technique depends on the antibodies used. F(ab')2 fragments of antibodies were more sensitive than both intact polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies in detecting cytoplasmic Ig. With immunoelectron microscopy Ig could be demonstrated in all cell types of B-CLL and LP-immunocytoma, even in some of the small lymphocytes in B-CLL. Thus, the presence of intracytoplasmic Ig has no diagnostic relevance in differentiating B-CLL from LP-immunocytoma. However, the amount of Ig in the tumor cells of LP-immunocytoma seemed to be greater than in B-CLL. Centrocytic lymphoma and centroblastic/centrocytic lymphoma could be differentiated by their different localization of Ig. In centrocytic lymphoma Ig was localized mainly on the surface membrane, whereas in centroblastic/centrocytic lymphoma moderate amounts of Ig could be detected in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and perinuclear space of the centroblasts and in roughly one third of the centrocytes. In malignant lymphomas of high-grade malignancy (ML centroblastic, ML immunoblastic, and ML lymphoblastic) Ig was localized mainly in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and sometimes in the perinuclear space.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1986

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the central nervous system.

Thirty-five primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of the central nervous system (CNS) were examined in a retrospective study and classified according to the Kiel classification. Diagnosis was made on surgical biopsies in 28 cases and on autopsy specimens in seven cases. The tumors were predominantly located in the frontal lobe and were unifocal in all but two cases. Patients ranged in age from seven to 74 years, with a male-female ratio of 1.3:1. The lymphomas were probably all of B cell type. In contrast to NHLs of the lymph nodes, the NHLs of the CNS we encountered were more often high grade (immunoblastic, lymphoblastic) than low grade malignant. All but one low grade malignant NHL found in our study were lymphoplasmacytoid (LP) immunocytomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin cells in lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease of nodular subtype contain J chain.

To throw light on the question of whether B-cell-derived forms of Hodgkin's disease exist, more than 100 cases of Hodgkin's disease (including all four major histologic categories) were investigated for the presence of J chain and were also immunostained for epithelial membrane antigen and the granulocyte-associated antigen X hapten. Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin cells (RS & H) expressed J chain in 22 cases, 8 of which also expressed epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). X hapten was found in 62 cases, but all of these were J chain negative. J chain-positive RS & H cells were restricted to cases of lymphocyte-predominant disease, while X hapten-positive tumor cells were found frequently in nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, and lymphocyte-depletion Hodgkin's disease, but only occasionally in cases of lymphocyte-predominant disease. These findings indicate that nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease differs from the other subtypes of Hodgkin's disease and that the neoplastic cells are of B-lymphoid origin.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1986

Monocyte/macrophage-reactive monoclonal antibody Ki-M6 recognizes an intracytoplasmic antigen.

A monoclonal antibody, termed Ki-M6, is described, which shows a restricted reactivity to cells of the monocyte/macrophage system. On light- and electron-microscopic immunoperoxidase staining Ki-M6 recognizes monocytes and the phagocytosing compartment of macrophages residing in different tissue sites; granulocytes and the so-called immune accessories of B- and T-cell immune response as closely monocyte/macrophage related cell populations do not reveal any reactivity. This is shown by comparison with the monoclonal antibodies Ki-M4 and Ki-M1 or OKT6 recognizing immune accessory cells by immunohistochemical methods. Ki-M6 binds to a lysosomal membrane-restricted antigen of 60,000 daltons without influencing significantly lysosome-related functions as far as the chemiluminescence response is concerned.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗