Biomedical subjects

M L Marthas

Publications and source records attributed to M L Marthas.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Rhesus macaques inoculated with molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus.

We have isolated a biologically active molecular clone of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), SIVmac 1A11, originally obtained from a rhesus macaque at the New England Regional Primate Research Center. Virus derived from cells transfected with this clone is cytopathic for rhesus peripheral blood mononuclear cells, replicates in cultures of rhesus macrophages, and infects rhesus macaques when inoculated intravenously. Six macaques inoculated with SIVmac 1A11 all became infected and produced antibodies to viral envelope glycoproteins that neutralized virus. Antibodies to viral core proteins were detected in only one animal. No clinical signs of disease were observed throughout 7 months postinoculation.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mucosal immunization with a live, virulence-attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaccine elicits antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antibodies in rhesus macaques.

An effective AIDS vaccine must protect against sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Therefore, vaccine regimens which stimulate antiviral immunity in the genital tract as well as in peripheral blood and systemic lymphoid tissues are needed. Here, we describe a method of immunization by direct inoculation of the vaginal submucosa with a live attenuated SIV, SIVmac1A11. Immunization by this route generated low levels of SIV-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in serum and vaginal secretions and viral specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in peripheral blood.

AIDS Vaccines↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of simian immunodeficiency virus DNA in macrophages from infected rhesus macaques.

We have examined the frequency of infection of monocyte-derived and alveolar macrophages isolated from rhesus macaques inoculated with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) utilizing a semiquantitative PCR methodology. Animals were inoculated with either pathogenic (SIVmac239) or nonpathogenic (SIVmac1A11) molecularly cloned viruses of SIVmac, or with uncloned pathogenic SIVmacBIOL. The frequency of SIV DNA in macrophages was highest early after infection and at terminal stages of disease, whereas during the asymptomatic period, SIV DNA was present at very low levels in macrophages.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of live-attenuated and whole-inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccines against vaginal challenge with virulent SIV.

The ability of two vaccine preparations (UV-psoralen inactivated SIV administered intramuscularly and live-attenuated SIV inoculated intravaginally) to prevent genital transmission of virulent SIV in rhesus macaques was tested. Two of six whole-inactivated SIV vaccinated macaques, three of five live-attenuated SIV vaccinated macaques, and four of six controls became persistently infected after two separate intravaginal inoculations with a 50% animal infectious dose of virulent SIV. No association was observed between levels of SIV-specific antibodies in serum or vaginal secretions prior to challenge and subsequent infection with virulent SIV.

Administration, Intravaginal↗