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M L Montoya

Publications and source records attributed to M L Montoya.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Fatigue is associated with high circulating leptin levels in chronic hepatitis C.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fatigue is a frequent and disabling symptom reported by patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Its mechanism is poorly understood. Recent attention has focused on the role of leptin and energy expenditure in CHC. Our aims were to analyse fatigue in CHC and to determine its relationship with disease activity, resting energy expenditure (REE), circulating leptin, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). METHODS: Seventy eight CHC patients, 22 healthy controls, and 13 primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) patients underwent measurements of REE, body composition, leptin, and TNF-alpha. All subjects completed the fatigue impact scale (FIS) questionnaire. A liver biopsy and viral load measurements were performed in all patients. RESULTS: Thirty eight of 78 CHC patients considered fatigue the worst or initial symptom of their disease. The fatigue score of patients was significantly higher than that of controls (53.2 (40.1) v 17.7 (16.9); p<0.0001) and was more pronounced in females (p=0.003). Leptin was increased significantly in CHC patients compared with controls (15.4 (20.7) v 6.4 (4.1) ng/ml; p<0.05). In CHC patients, the fatigue score correlated significantly with leptin corrected for fat mass (r=0.30, p=0.01). This correlation increased when the physical domain of fatigue was included (r=0.39, p=0.0009). Furthermore, a similar positive correlation was found in PBC patients (r=0.56, p=0.04). No correlation was found between fatigue and age, REE, liver function tests, viral load, or the METAVIR score in CHC patients. CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue is present in CHC patients and is more pronounced in females. The FIS questionnaire is clinically relevant and may be useful for future therapeutic trials aimed at reducing fatigue. Fatigue may be partly mediated by leptin.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Pulmonary capillary diameters and recruitment characteristics in subpleural and interior networks.

In vivo microscopic observations of pulmonary capillaries are limited to subpleural networks that are less dense than interior networks. In addition to the density difference, subpleural and interior capillary diameters may differ, although there are conflicting data on this point. We measured the diameters of subpleural and interior capillaries in rats and dogs. Subpleural diameters were 30% larger in rats and 20% larger in dogs. Because diameter and density differences might cause differences in recruitment between subpleural and interior networks, we measured subpleural and interior recruitment by counting the number of red blood cells per 10 microns of alveolar wall in histological cross sections of rapidly frozen rat lungs. Lung inflation pressures of 4, 12, and 25 cmH2O created a wide range of capillary recruitment in different groups of animals. Red blood cell counts for interior and subpleural capillaries moved in parallel and progressively increased as inflation pressures were reduced. These data demonstrate that recruitment in subpleural capillaries accurately reflect recruitment in interior capillaries and validate the use of in vivo microscopic observations of subpleural capillaries to investigate pulmonary capillary recruitment in general.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Cytological study of the duodenal mucosa during chronic diarrhea in HIV-positive patients].

The cytologic findings of duodenal smears in diarrheic HIV-positive patients were compared with results of histologic and ultrastructural studies. This study included 50 diarrheic patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Duodenal biopsies were taken with touch preparations. Smears were stained with Giemsa and then with Ziehl-Neelsen or the PAS method. The biopsy specimens were then processed in a standard fashion for histologic and electron microscopy examination. Cytologic findings included 8 cases of intestinal microsporidiosis, 4 cases of cryptosporidiosis, and 3 cases of atypical mycobacteriosis. Histologic and ultrastructural studies confirmed these diagnoses and showed 8 cases of CMV enteritis, of which 4 were associated with other enteric pathogens. Duodenal cytology complements endoscopic biopsy in the work-up of diarrhea in AIDS patients and may provide a rapid diagnosis especially in the case of intestinal protozoonosis or atypical intestinal mycobacteriosis.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

[Histopathologic features of opportunistic infections of the small intestine in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

The frequency of the opportunistic infections of the duodenum in AIDS patients was determined by way of histologic study in 207 patients between January 1987 and June 1991. All cases had serial paraffin sections, run through HES, PAS, Giemsa, Brown-Brenn, and Zieh-Neelsen stains, and 20 cases had in addition cytologic and electron microscopic study. 63 patients had opportunistic infections (10 cryptosporidiosis and 2 isosporiasis; 12 mycobacterial enteritis; 15 CMV enteritis; 7 candidosis; 7 intestinal microsporidiosis confirmed by electron microscopic examination; 12 Giardiasis; 3 duodenal leishmaniasis; 1 intestinal cryptococcosis). Multiple concurrent infections were noted in 6 cases. A mild to severe villous atrophy was observed in 28 cases, associated with opportunistic infection. A patchy distribution of pathogen agent was noted in 34 cases, and 37 cases were associated with oesophagal candidosis. This study points out the value of histologic examination of intestinal biopsy for the diagnosis of systemic infections as well as of unusual parasitosis, and the necessity for multiple endoscopic biopsies because of the frequent patchy distribution of pathogens.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

[Correction of severe malnutrition by cyclic enteral feeding].

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of cyclic (nocturnal) enteral nutrition in ambulatory malnourished patients. A ternary polymeric diet was administered to a total of 28 women and 23 men (mean age: 58 years) for a nocturnal period of 12-14 hours during 24.5 +/- 1.1 days. This diet provided an average of 28.3 +/- 0.6 kcal/kg ideal body weight/day. The nutritional program was administered as planned and well tolerated in 50 of the 51 patients. Voluntary oral caloric intake improved significantly during the treatment period (18.2 +/- 1.4 kcal/kg ideal body weight/day during the first week of enteral nutrition and 22.7 +/- 1.6 kcal/kg ideal body weight/day during the last week). The global nutritional deficit based on 10 anthropometric and biological parameters improved by an average of 36.8 +/- 2.2 percent. Overall, 71 percent of the patients exhibited a favorable nutritional course. Results were identical regardless of the pathology responsible for malnutrition. The main advantages of cyclic enteral nutrition include the possibility for patients to engage in physical activities and to eat normally during the day.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Advanced cancer of the exocrine pancreas treated by a long-acting luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) analogue, triptorelin: phase II study].

Between 1987 and 1989 we treated 18 patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a long acting LH-RH analogue: triptorelin. Seventeen patients were evaluated. We obtained no objective responses. The median survival time was 4.5 months. The treatment was well tolerated without any major secondary effects. The absence of dosage of hormonal receptors did not allow the selection of hormone sensitive patients. The future study of hormone therapy will analyse the pancreatic hormonal receptors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of the time of ingestion of 300 mg of ranitidine on cicatrization of duodenal ulcer in crisis (ingestion after dinner versus ingestion at bedtime].

Recent studies have shown that a single dose of ranitidine given for 2 weeks at 6 p.m. resulted in a higher healing rate of duodenal ulcer than the same dose given at 10 p.m. Our study was designed to confirm these results in a large population in France. Three hundred and fifty patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to open treatment with ranitidine 300 mg, immediately after dinner (dinner group), or at bedtime (bedtime group). Endoscopy was performed after 2 and 4 weeks. Forty six patients were excluded from analysis (default: 3, date of endoscopies not respected: 43). Of the 304 patients analysed (mean age: 45.5 years, sex ration M/F: 3.2), 146 received ranitidine after dinner, 158 at bedtime. Age, sex, ethnic groups, smoking habits and alcohol consumption were comparable in the two groups. At endoscopy, before treatment, the mean diameter of ulcers was greater in the bedtime group than in the dinner group (bedtime: 9.6 mm, dinner: 7.9 mm). Healing rates after 2 weeks were 58 p. 100 in the dinner group and 40 p. 100 in the bedtime group (p = 0.002). After 4 weeks treatment, cumulative healing rates were 87.5 p. 100 and 83.5 p. 100, respectively. Smoking had an influence on healing after 2 weeks but not after 4 weeks of treatment. In conclusion, a single dose of 300 mg of ranitidine resulted in a higher healing rate of duodenal ulcer when given immediately after dinner than when given at bedtime.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1986

Ischemic pathology of the colon.

Ischemic colitis is a disease with a polymorphic clinical picture, which may be of a formidable gravity in gangrenous forms. Its etiologies are varied and more and more due to a low arterial output. The examinations permitting to establish the diagnosis are barium enema and mostly colonoscopy which should be performed early and repeated often. The treatment vary according to the severity of the disease; prognosis is always reserved.

Colon↗