PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M L Stone

Publications and source records attributed to M L Stone.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Arterial PO2, PCO2, and pH versus transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2 and tissue pH in the fetal dog.

In the fetal dog, simultaneous recording by transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2 and tissue pH electrodes were compared to corresponding arterial values during hypoxic episodes produced by occlusion of the maternal abdominal aorta. Before occlusion, the differences between the paired values were minimal. Under anoxic conditions, expected changes in the peripheral circulation were observed. However, the transcutaneous PO2 was lower, the transcutaneous PCO2 much higher, and the tissue pH much lower than in blood. Continuous electrodes demonstrate changes resulting from gas and hydrogen ion coming from cells more readily than blood because they are closer to the former. Additionally, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion are buffered to a greater degree in blood than in cells. Consequently, under conditions of stress and active metabolism, PCO2 is higher while PO2 and pH are lower in cells than in blood. When compared with monitoring of gases and acid-base balance through blood sampling, continuous transcutaneous and intracutaneous monitoring would seem to be more representative of the environment at the cellular level.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Routine appendectomy in extensive gynecologic operations.

Based upon past clinical experience, a policy was established in a teaching service to remove the appendix whenever encountered during extensive gynecologic operations. Retrospectively, all patients operated upon during the subsequent 54 month period were reviewed to determine the success of instituting the policy of mandatory elective appendectomy and to assess the pathologic findings. We found that 93 per cent of the time the policy was followed and appendectomy performed. Definite pathologic findings were found in 14.6 per cent of the specimens and equivocal pathologic findings in an additional 14 per cent. No procedure related morbidity occurred. The incidence of metastasis to the appendix from specific gynecologic malignant diseases is discussed herein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The measurement of anterior knee laxity after ACL reconstructive surgery.

An objective clinical instrument known as a knee ligament Arthrometer was developed. The instrumentation system was applied to measurements of knee ligament laxity in the operating room with the patients under anesthesia. Prereconstruction and immediate postreconstruction measurements were made with the patient still on the operating table. The change in laxity of the patient's operated knee as compared to the opposite nonoperated control knee was documented for 19 chronic and 24 acute patients. Four separate reconstruction types were studied in the operating room. The immediate postreconstruction measurements documented that all four of the reconstruction types were equally effective in the immediate restoration of normal laxity in the ACL-deficient knees. The Arthrometer proved to be a useful tool for confirming that each patient's normal knee laxity was reestablished in the O.R. by its reconstruction.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Instrumented measurement of anterior laxity of the knee.

We performed instrumented measurement of anterior-posterior laxity of the knee in thirty-three cadaver specimens, 338 normal subjects, and eighty-nine patients with unilateral disruption of the anterior cruciate ligament. The test instrument was the Medmetric knee arthrometer, model KT-2000. We measured total anterior-posterior laxity, produced by anterior and posterior loads of eighty-nine newtons (twenty pounds), and the anterior compliance index. The total anterior-posterior laxity is composed of an anterior displacement and a posterior displacement; these are measured from a testing reference position, defined as the resting position of the knee after applying and then releasing a posterior load of eighty-nine newtons. The anterior compliance index is defined as the anterior displacement between an anterior load of sixty-seven newtons and one of eighty-nine newtons. All tests were performed with the knee held on a thigh support that placed the knee in 20 +/- 5 degrees of flexion. The mean anterior displacement at eighty-nine newtons was 5.7 millimeters in a group of normal subjects and 13.0 millimeters in a group of patients with a disrupted anterior cruciate ligament. Ninety-two per cent of the normal subjects had a left knee-right knee difference in anterior displacement of no more than two millimeters, while 96 per cent of the patients with a unilateral disruption of the anterior cruciate ligament had an injured knee-normal knee difference in anterior displacement of more than two millimeters. Ninety-three per cent of the normal subjects had a difference in the left-right compliance index of no more than 0.5 millimeter, and 85 per cent of the patients with unilateral disruption of the anterior cruciate ligament had a difference in the compliance index of the injured and normal sides of more than 0.5 millimeter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Use of male and female professional patient teams in teaching physical examination of the genitalia.

The use of the gynecologic teaching associate, or professional patient, for teaching pelvic examination to medical students is well established in the United States. The genitorectal examination of the man, however, has received scant attention. Most U.S. medical schools continue to use either male medical students or real patients for this part of the physical diagnosis course. We offer a course that uses male and female professional patient teams. All the students rated the course highly. Male students appreciated the teaching of the examination on women more than did their female colleagues. Female students rated the male patients higher than the female patients in all the categories. The female students found the male patients to be more helpful in discussing their anxieties than did the male students. Examination of the female pelvis and the genitorectal examination of the male may be threatening to both student and patient. The use of male and female professional patient teams built confidence in the examination technique and alleviated student anxiety. The use of a professional patient was particularly appreciated by students of the opposite sex. In this era of gender equality in medical school and in society at large, equal attention to the genital examinations of both men and women is clearly mandated.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1984

Preliminary studies of aromatase in human neoplastic endometrium.

The capacity of aromatization in 15 neoplastic human endometrial specimens was investigated. Viable tissue fragments were incubated with [3H]testosterone (10 nM) at 37C for 20 hours. Various estrogens were isolated from the incubated tissues and medium. The mean value of estrogen synthesized in 12 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma (16.0 +/- 11, means +/- SD fmol/mg protein), is approximately two and five times higher than that of proliferative and secretory endometria, respectively. The highest capacity was found in three mixed mullerian tumors (means = 145 fmol/mg protein). These findings indicate that the malignant endometria, in particular the mixed mullerian tumors, are able to synthesize estrogen in a capacity higher than that in normal endometria. Endometrial aromatase may play an important role in promoting cell growth in estrogen-sensitive tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Estrogen sulfatase and estrogen sulfotransferase in human primary mammary carcinoma.

Estrogen sulfatase (ES) and estrogen sulfotransferase (ESFT) activities were measured in a group of primary breast tumors. The mean value of ES activities, measured in 66 breast tumor specimens, was 0.9 nmol of estrone formed from estrone sulfate/mg tissue protein per hr regardless of the hormone receptor status of the specimen. However, the average value of the ESFT activity, expressed in nmol of estradiol-3-sulfate (E2S) formed from estradiol (E2)/mg of cytosol protein per hr, was found to be significantly higher in ER +/PGR + tumors (n = 26, 0.18 +/- 0.15, means +/- SD) than in ER -/PGR - tumors (n = 31, 0.08 +/- 0.06, P less than 0.005). Normal breast tissues also contain ES and ESFT but the activities were lower than those in tumors. When fresh breast tumor tissue fragments were incubated with radioactive E2 (0.4 nM) and E2S (3 nM) separately, E2 was not sulfurylated appreciably while E2S was extensively hydrolyzed to free estrogens indicating that the combined effect of ES and ESFT in breast tumor is favored towards the hydrolysis of estrogen sulfate. These results imply that the circulating estrogen sulfate could be utilized as the precursor of active estrogen to promote the cell growth in hormone sensitive tumors.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

The effect of prostaglandins on the multiplication and cell-to-cell spread of herpes simplex virus type 2 in vitro.

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) after infecting an individual has the ability to remain latent in nervous tissues. The factors that control herpesvirus infection, latency, and reactivation are poorly understood. Fever, menstruation, emotional stress, exposure to sunlight, and surgical resection have been associated with activation of latent herpes. The situations which activate latent herpes are associated with a local or systemic rise in prostaglandins. The data presented show that prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and E2 (PGE2) enhanced cell-to-cell spread of HSV-2 in an in vitro model. Ibuprofen, a prostaglandin inhibitor, suppressed HSV-2 multiplication as well as cell-to-cell spread. Prostaglandins may play an important role in herpesvirus infections and latency.

Dinoprost↗
PubMed1982

Squamous cell carcinoma of the hallux.

The purpose of the case report is to present a means of clinical diagnosis and treatment of a rarely encountered squamous cell carcinoma involving the pedal extremity and to alert the podiatric physician of the necessity of promptness and the definitive diagnostic tools to be utilized in such cases. Chronic recalcitrant ulcerations must be evaluated with a high degree of suspicion and treated aggressively. A thorough history and physical examination and proper biopsy technique are essential in the treatment and care of a squamous cell carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

In vitro inhibition of endometrial cancer growth by a neonatal rat testicular secretory product.

The ability of a neonatal testicular product to inhibit cancer cell line growth of Mullerian origin was tested in an "in vitro" system. Preliminary experiments indicated that increasing concentration of neonatal rat testicular homogenates showed increasing endometrial cancer (HEC-1) cell growth inhibition. Further investigation revealed that testes organ culture, similarly, inhibited HEC-1 cell growth. It is, therefore, concluded that neonatal rat testes elaborated a substance (or substances) which may be effective as an anti-tumor agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Physiological control of sibilant duration: insights afforded by speech compensation to dental prostheses.

Temporal relationships among tongue contact, phonation, and presence of frication were examined for /s/ and /z/. In cases where /s/ and /z/ were produced with a supraglottal articulation of the same duration, the duration of the resulting frication was 17 ms longer for /s/. The difference can be attributed to glottal activity. The presence of a unfamiliar dental prosthesis in the mouth caused the tongue to contact the alveolar ridge sooner and release later. This physiological effect was reflected in lengthening of frication for sibilants, but the acoustical consequences were greater and more reliable for /z/ than for /s/. Reasons for this difference were sought in adaptation of timing of tongue contact, and in aerodynamic conditions expected for voiced versus voiceless sibilants. A rapid adaptation of tongue contact timing was found, with the adaptation being greater for /s/. Timing of vocal fold adduction at the end of unvoiced sibilants, and its aerodynamic consequences, are suggested to consequences, are suggested to contribute to the relative stability of /s/ acoustical durations.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1978

Microsurgical anastomosis of the rabbit oviduct using 9-0 monofilament polyglycolic acid suture.

As part of a larger study to determine which factors are important in fallopian tube reconstruction, 9-0 monofilament polyglycolic acid suture on a 145 micron-needle was used for rabbit oviduct microsurgical anastomosis. A 100% pregnancy rate in five rabbits with no disruption of the endosalpingial or muscular layers was noted. Of special note, the suture was totally resorbed, and no suture residuum or surrounging reaction was noted. The suture material appears to fulfill the criteria for an ideal suture described at the beginning of the paper. This is the first report of the use of a 9-0 monofilament polyglycolic acid suture.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Induction of labor in the high-risk pregnancy with PGF 2 alpha.

The induction of labor in the high-risk patient is accompanied by an increased incidence of cesarean section partly due to failed induction. A series of 50 high-risk patients induced with intravenous prostaglandin F 2 alpha is presented. Forty-five were successfully induced, 35 of whom delivered vaginally. Failed inductions occurred in 5 patients. The overall success rate was 90%, and cesarean section rate was 25.5%. There was an increased incidence of late decelerations in the PGF 2 alpha groups as compared to spontaneous and Pitocin-stimulated labors. While the success was high, the use of a drug which itself may caused fetal cardiovascular changes is not desirable, especially in those pregnancies already at risk.

Adolescent↗