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Biomedical subjects

M L Tapper

Publications and source records attributed to M L Tapper.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The lymphoid lesions associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

In the present epidemic of opportunistic infections affecting homosexual men, systemic, persistent, unexplained lymphadenopathies have frequently accompanied and often preceded other manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Studies of the lymphadenopathies associated with AIDS have not yet been published, and the lymph node lesions have been generally considered to represent reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. The present study concerns the lymph node biopsies of 36 homosexual males with systemic, persistent lymphadenopathy. The lesions were essentially uniform and consisted of focal hemorrhages, extreme hyperplasia of germinal centers, extensive cellular destruction, accumulation of neutrophils, phagocytosis of nuclear debris, proliferation of blood vessels, immunoblasts, and peculiar aggregates of clear cells. These lesions diagnosed as acute lymphadenitis accompanied diseases indicative of AIDS in six cases and preceded them by months in three cases. In two cases, the lymphadenitis was associated with Kaposi's sarcoma of lymph node and in two cases with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. It is suggested that the systemic, persistent lymphadenitis of homosexual males is induced by a microorganism, probably a virus. The lymphotropic activity of such an agent may include the destruction of a certain class of lymphocytes leading to the induction of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Under special, unknown circumstances, the uncontrolled lymph node hyperplasia may progress to the development of lymphoma.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Cytomegalovirus retinitis: a manifestation of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Two homosexual males with the "gay bowel syndrome' experienced an acute unilateral loss of vision. Both patients had white intraretinal lesions, which became confluent. One of the cases had a depressed cell-mediated immunity; both patients ultimately died after a prolonged illness. In one patient cytomegalovirus was cultured from a vitreous biopsy. Autopsy revealed disseminated cytomegalovirus in both patients. Widespread retinal necrosis was evident, with typical nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions of cytomegalovirus. Electron microscopy showed herpes virus, while immunoperoxidase techniques showed cytomegalovirus. The altered cell-mediated response present in homosexual patients may be responsible for the clinical syndromes of Kaposi's sarcoma and opportunistic infection by Pneumocystis carinii, herpes simplex, or cytomegalovirus.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

Opportunistic infection in previously healthy women. Initial manifestations of a community-acquired cellular immunodeficiency.

Opportunistic infections and unusual tumors have been reported in an unprecedented outbreak of community-acquired cellular immune deficiency among homosexual and drug-abusing men. We report five women with the same syndrome. The women were residents of metropolitan New York City closely associated with drug abuse either by personal use (our patients) or close sexual contact with an abuser (one patient). One patient was bisexual. All five patients developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as well as combinations of other opportunistic infections including oral candida, disseminated mycobacteria, and ulcerative herpes simplex infections. All patients had marked depression of cellular immune function. Three patients died. The appearance of this syndrome in women has important implications with regard to the epidemiology and etiology of this emerging syndrome.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare: a cause of disseminated life-threatening infection in homosexuals and drug abusers.

Five men developed disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. These patients all lived in the New York City area and presented with their illnesses between January 1981 and September 1981; four were homosexual and one was an intravenous drug abuser. Four patients died. All five patients had defects in the cell-mediated immune response. The infections were characterized histopathologically by poor or absent granulomatous tissue reaction. Clinical isolates of M. avium-intracellulare from all five patients agglutinated commonly used antimycobacterial drugs. The spectrum of opportunistic infections among populations of homosexuals and drug abusers should be expanded to include disseminated disease due to M. avium-intracellulare.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Malaria complicating neoplastic disease.

Two patients with neoplastic disease had transfusion-induced malaria. In a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia infected with Plasmodium vivax, neither his underlying disease nor intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy appeared to ameliorate or worsen the clinical course of his infection. In a splenectomized patient with metastatic carcinoma of the colon, P malariae infection was associated with a fulminant course simulating cerebral malaria. Despite delay in diagnosis, both patients responded dramatically to antimalarial chemotherapy and both developed appreciable antibody responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Recurrent Aeromonas sepsis in a patient with leukemia.

A case of recurrent sepsis due to Aeromonas hydrophila in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia is reported. The patient's first infection leading to bacteremia followed contamination of a mosquito bite by stagnant water. After recovery from the first bacteremia, the patient again became septic with a second strain of Aeromonas hydrophila, which again responded to antimicrobial therapy. It is hypothesized that contamination of the local water supply may have led to the establishment of a gastrointestinal carrier state that produced the second bout of Aeromonas sepsis when the patient was markedly leukopenic. The importance of the oxidase test to differentiate Aeromonas species from members of the family Enterobacteriaceae is re-emphasized.

Adult↗