The politics of dental licensure.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Accreditation↗
Biomedical subjects
M L Van Dis
Publications and source records attributed to M L Van Dis.
Oral lichen planus: an immunohistochemical study of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and cytokeratins (CKs) and a unifying hypothesis of pathogenesis.
The expression of heat shock proteins HSP60 and HSP70 and cytokeratins CK1/10 and CK7/18 were compared in epithelium of oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions and oral fibromas using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) immunohistochemical method. An immunostaining intensity distribution (IID) index was developed to assess staining intensity and the proportion of positively stained cells in different layers of the epithelium. The expression of HSP60 in the basal layer was significantly higher in OLP than in fibromas. No difference in HSP70 expression was evident between OLP and fibromas. The expression of CK1/10 in the epithelial basal and suprabasal layers was significantly higher in OLP than in fibromas. There was no demonstrable staining for CK7/18 in either OLP or fibromas. A significant correlation was evident between the expression of HSP60 and CK1/10 in the basal epithelial cells in OLP. The findings support a role for HSP60 in the pathogenesis of OLP. A unifying hypothesis of the pathogenesis of OLP, involving two sequential immune reactions, is proposed.
Adult↗
Swellings of the oral cavity.
Many lesions that appear in the oral cavity manifest as a nodule or swelling. A particular lesion may have the clinical characteristics of several entities, and a differential diagnosis should be generated, with a final diagnosis reached by microscopic examination. This article discusses and shows the clinical features of some of the more common oral lesions or conditions that present as localized or generalized swellings, and it includes diagnoses and suggestions for management.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
Clinical evaluation of an illuminated dental mirror.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of an illuminated mirror improved a dental student's ability to detect oral disease or abnormalities and whether an oral examination could be conducted more efficiently with it when compared with the use of a conventional mirror and chair-mounted light source. Students examined patients with the illuminated mirror and with a standard dental mirror for caries, defective restorations, dental staining, etc. Students were observed to determine how often they adjusted the overhead light or shifted their positions to see better and the length of time the examination was noted. After each examination, students were asked to rate how well they could see in various intraoral sites. There was no difference in specificity ratios between the two techniques, and the only significant difference (p < or = 0.05) in sensitivity ratios was in the detection of caries. There was no difference in the number of position shifts or length of examinations; students made fewer external light adjustments when using the illuminated mirror. On a 10-point scale, students rated their ability to see intraorally better with the illuminated mirror.
Dental Caries↗
"Doctor, I've got the TMJ!".
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Education, Dental↗
Prevalence of oral lichen planus in patients with diabetes mellitus.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lichen planus in a population of patients with diabetes mellitus compared with a control population and to determine if patient medications had any influence on the presence of such lesions. Two hundred seventy-three patients with diabetes and an identical number of age-, gender- and race-matched controls were examined for clinical evidence of oral lichen planus. Patient medication histories were also obtained from each group. Eleven diabetic patients (4%) and eight control patients (3%) had clinical evidence of oral lichen planus. Ingestion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors was associated with the presence of oral lichen planus lesions in six patients. There was no apparent association of diabetes and oral lichen planus in this population, and the ingestion of medications known to cause lichenoid mucosal reactions had no influence per se on the presence of oral lichen planus lesions (p > 0.05). However, the type of medication ingested by those patients who had oral lichen planus lesions was either nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, which was a significant association (p < 0.00).
Adolescent↗
Effects of filtration, collimation, and target-receptor distance on artificial approximal enamel lesion detection with the use of RadioVisioGraphy.
RadioVisioGraphy is an imaging modality that uses a charge-coupled device electronic sensor. Dental charge-coupled device imaging can be used to detect dental caries; however, it was not known what effect beam collimation, added filtration, or variable target-receptor distance has on this task. The purpose of this investigation was to study these effects were imaged by conventional radiography and RadioVisioGraphy varying exposure time, target-receptor distance, collimation, and filtration. Printed RadioVisioGraphy images without enhancement and E-speed radiographs were evaluated by five viewers. The number of true-positives and false-positives were compared as were sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, and entrance level radiation exposure. Added filtration reduced the false-positives regardless of collimation or target-receptor distance. True-positives and false-positives were greater at a target-receptor distance of 8 inch at exposures < 0.10 seconds (F < 0.0151). E-speed radiographs had a greater specificity and positive predictive value than RadioVisioGraphy images without image enhancement; however, no significant differences were found between RadioVisioGraphy images and E-speed radiographs in true-positive or false-positive identifications without image enhancement.
Analysis of Variance↗
Disorders of the maxillary sinus.
The maxillary sinuses often are visualized on oral and maxillofacial radiographs, and the dentist should be able to interpret any signs of disease in the area. In addition, disorders of the sinuses may result in symptoms that the patient interprets to be of dental origin. Conversely, dental diseases may influence the radiographic appearance of the sinuses. This article reviews the radiographic signs of common sinus disorders to help the clinician accurately assess the patient.
Cysts↗
Information yield from a hand-held dental x-ray unit.
The information yield from a hand-held radiographic unit was compared with that of a conventional dental x-ray unit. Ten observers were asked to detect radiographic details on films taken of a test object at eight different exposure settings with each radiographic unit. The viewers detected significantly more details on three films generated with the experimental unit. No significant difference was demonstrated in the number of details observed with either unit at the remaining exposure settings.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Assessment of the knowledge of graduating American dental students about the panoramic image.
The objective of this study was to assess the capability of graduating dental students to identify the causes of undiagnostic panoramic images and to interpret anatomic landmarks on panoramic films. Seventeen dental schools were represented by 311 students. A radiology faculty member at each institution completed a questionnaire that addressed lecture time and experience provided to students in panoramic radiography. The faculty member administered a test instrument comprised of several panoramic radiographs that demonstrated one or more labeled anatomic structures, technical errors, or projection artifacts and multiple choice questions that addressed each entity. The mean percentage correct for the tested population on the entire test instrument was 72.9%. The mean percentage correct for questions addressing anatomy, error and artifact recognition, and error correction was 84.0%, 61.4% and 45.2%, respectively. Factors that significantly (p < 0.05) affected student performance were the number of lecture hours provided, whether or not students took panoramic radiographs of patients, and the method of student selection as participants. Laboratory or self-study projects and the number of panoramic radiographs (> or = 1) taken of patients did not significantly affect student performance on the test instrument.
Analysis of Variance↗
Implant radiology.
Implant procedures are becoming commonplace in the dental office. Root form implants are placed by the general dentist, and no longer remain in the realm of dental specialists. Pre- and postsurgical radiographic evaluation of endosseous or root form implants is central to the success of the procedure. This article reviews the applications and limitations of available imaging modalities--from intraoral radiographs to computed tomography imaging--to help the clinician decide which imaging technique is best suited to the task of radiographic evaluation of implants and implant sites.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
Diagnosis and management of autoimmune and idiopathic mucosal diseases.
Several autoimmune and idiopathic diseases directly affect the oral mucosa. Current therapeutic management is aimed primarily at the control and prevention of symptoms. It is important for patients to understand the goals of therapeutic management because these diseases often are characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation that require long-term follow-up.
Autoimmune Diseases↗
Presurgical tomographic assessment for dental implants. 1. A modified imaging technique.
A modified technique for presurgical evaluation of intraosseous implant placement using linear tomography has been developed. The simplified technique is applicable to tomographic systems equipped with a cephalometric head positioner (cephalostat) and a fiberoptic positioning light system. It provides precise cross-sectional images for the assessment of bone morphology and associated anatomic structures. This technique is more comfortable for patients who are unable to tolerate the positioning of submentovertex projections used to estimate horizontal angulation of the head position and to determine the depth of radiographic cut. Instead, the positioning light and casts are used to make these two determinations.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
Image quality comparisons of X-Omat RP, L and B films.
The Eastman Kodak Company has recently developed a new film, X-Omat B (XB), designed to be interchangeable with X-Omat RP (XRP) film. The manufacturer claims the new film can be manually developed in half the time of other X-Omat films while automatic processing is unchanged. Three X-Omat film types were processed manually or automatically and the image qualities were evaluated. The XRP film had greater contrast than the XB and X-Omat L (XL) films when manually processed, and the XL film showed less contrast than the XB and XRP films when processed automatically. There was no difference in the subjective evaluation of the various film types and processing methods, and the XB film could be interchanged with XRP film in a simulated clinical situation.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Video enhancement of dental radiographic films.
A prototype video image display system, a real-time analog enhancer (RAE), was compared to conventional viewing conditions with the use of nonscreen dental films. When medium optical density films were evaluated, there was no significant difference in the number of radiographic details detected. Conventional viewing conditions allowed perception of more details when dark films were evaluated; however, the RAE unit allowed the perception of more details when light films were viewed.
Computer Systems↗
Information yield: a comparison of Kodak T-Mat G, Ortho L and RP X-Omat films.
The information yield from two rare-earth screen-film combinations, Lanex Regular/T-Mat G (TMG) and Lanex regular/Ortho L (OL) has been compared with that from a conventional calcium-tungstate combination, X-Omatic regular/RP X-Omat (XRP), by means of perceptibility curves generated from an aluminum test object. The TMG and OL systems were faster than the XRP and the OL had the widest latitude. The maximum number of details perceived was similar for all three systems. The results support the suggestion that the TMG and OL systems permit more information to be perceived than XRP and that the newer imaging systems do not lose information despite their increased speed.
Radiography, Dental↗