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Biomedical subjects

M Lakatos

Publications and source records attributed to M Lakatos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Qualitative and quantitative detection of hepatitis C virus RNA by PCR technique. Monitoring of viral copies after liver transplantation].

The authors demonstrate the HCV nucleic acid amplification method is not wide-spread in Hungary yet. The HCV-RNA is usually detectable 2-4 weeks after infection independently the immunostate of the patients. The authors help to select the adequate measurement(s) in logical order when HCV infection is suspected. The benefit of the PCR method is emphasized. Monitoring of the HCV-RNA titer of the liver transplanted patients promotes to establish the fluctuation of HCV-RNA copies and the effectivity of therapy following transplantation. The detection of HCV-RNA by PCR method is a proof of an acute or chronic infection and rules out past infection. The quantitative PCR measurement is useful for determination of indication and control of efficacy of antiviral therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Photocycle of dried acid purple form of bacteriorhodopsin.

The photocycle of dried bacteriorhodopsin, pretreated in a 0.3 M HCl solution, was studied. Some properties of this dried sample resemble that of the acid purple suspension: the retinal conformation is mostly all-trans, 15-anti form, the spectrum of the sample is blue-shifted by 5 nm to 560 nm, and it has a truncated photocycle. After photoexcitation, a K-like red-shifted intermediate appears, which decays to the ground state through several intermediates with spectra between the K and the ground state. There are no other bacteriorhodopsin-like intermediates (L, M, N, O) present in the photocycle. The K to K' transition proceeds with an enthalpy decrease, whereas during all the following steps, the entropic energy of the system decreases. The electric response signal of the oriented sample has only negative components, which relaxes to zero. These suggest that the steps after intermediate K represent a relaxation process, during which the absorbed energy is dissipated and the protein returns to its original ground state. The initial charge separation on the retinal is followed by limited charge rearrangements in the protein, and later, all these relax. The decay times of the intermediates are strongly influenced by the humidity of the sample. Double-flash experiments proved that all the intermediates are directly driven back to the ground state. The study of the dried acid purple samples could help in understanding the fast primary processes of the protein function. It may also have importance in technical applications.

Bacteriorhodopsins↗
PubMed2000

Cardiac rotation and relaxation after anterolateral myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: Both systolic and diastolic dysfunction have been observed in patients with anterolateral myocardial infarction. Diastolic dysfunction is related to disturbances in relaxation and diastolic filling. OBJECTIVE: To analyse cardiac rotation, regional shortening and diastolic relaxation in patients with anterolateral infarction. METHODS: Cardiac rotation and relaxation in controls and patients with chronic anterolateral infarction were assessed by myocardial tagging. Myocardial tagging is based on magnetic resonance imaging and allows us to label specific myocardial regions for imaging cardiac motion (rotation, translation and radial displacement). A rectangular grid was placed on the myocardium (basal, equatorial and apical short-axis plane) of each of 18 patients with chronic anterolateral infarction and 13 controls. Cardiac rotation, change in area and shortening of circumference were determined in each case. RESULTS: The left ventricle in controls performs a systolic wringing motion with a clockwise rotation at the base and a counterclockwise rotation at the apex when viewed from the apex. During relaxation a rotational motion in the opposite direction (namely untwisting) can be observed. In patients with anterolateral infarction, there is less systolic rotation at the apex and diastolic untwisting is delayed and prolonged in comparison with controls. In the presence of a left ventricular aneurysm (n = 4) apical rotation is completely lost. There is less shortening of circumference in infarcted and remote regions. CONCLUSIONS: The wringing motion of the myocardium might be an important mechanism involved in maintaining normal cardiac function with minimal expenditure of energy. This mechanism no longer operates in patients with left ventricular aneurysms and operates significantly less than normal in those with anterolateral hypokinaesia. Diastolic untwisting is significantly delayed and prolonged in patients with anterolateral infarction, which could explain the occurrence of diastolic dysfunction in these patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Diagnostic value of glutathione-S-transferase].

The authors evaluated the diagnostic value of the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzyme in the medical practice. The GST is widely distributed in human tissues, the majority of the enzyme protein is present in the cytoplasm. GST plays a pivotal protective role against the environmental damages. It can be made a conclusion from the quantity, the localization of the enzyme expression and enzyme forms to the degree of chemical insult suffered by the organism. The increase of alpha GST izoenzyme can reflect the degree of the hepatocellular and renal proximal tubular epithelium damage. The overexpression of pi-class GST represents the injury of bile epithelium and renal distal tubules. Overexpression of GST is associated with tumor appearances and with resistance to cytostatic agents. It was possible to took the enzyme izoenzymes apart, to identify them--hereby to explore their origin--and to detect their quantity with the development of the separation techniques, the immunological and genetical methods. Since the enzyme expression is in direct proportion to the magnitude organs and tissues damage or/and the presence of specific izoenzymes suspects tumor formation, for this reason the monitoring of the GST expression could give a help for the physicians in creating the diagnosis.

Glutathione Transferase↗
PubMed1981

[Application of the bio-feed-back-method in asthmatic patients (author's transl)].

Principle and research with the bio-feed-back-method, their relations to the techniques of relaxation and possibilities of the therapeutical use in the clinic were described. The practical importance of this method is based on the possibility to measure the ability to relax and their degree and to mediate the relaxation more rapidly. For this purpose a bio-feed-back-apparatus (electromyograph) was the best. Studies were carried out with a mini-suit-case-apparatus. The first experiences with this method were described.

Asthma↗
PubMed1979

Clinical, epidemiological and therapeutical experience with human tularaemia: the role of hamster hunters.

Fifty patients suffering from tularaemia were treated in our department. The most frequent occupation of the tularaemia patients was hamster hunter. The most important source of the tularaemic infection (90%) was the hamster (Cricetus cricetus). We observed the cutano-glandular form in 90% of the patients and internal tularaemia in 10%. The antibiotics used (streptomycin i. m., oxytetracycline and doxycycline per os) were effective.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of human leptospira infections with semicillin (ampicillin) or with amoxil (amoxycillin).

Ampicillin (Semicillin) and Amoxycillin (Amoxil) have a strong leptospirocidal effect in vitro and also in vivo. We have tested these drugs on 28 patients suffering from Leptospira infection. The patients generally received per os 3 g Ampicillin (Semicillin) or 2 g Amoxycillin (Amoxil) per day over a period of 6 days. In the groups treated with Ampicillin and Amoxycillin the average durations of fever during the treatment were 1.6 and 1.2 days, respectively. In the first group (Ampicillin) a 'second wave of fever' occurred in one case (5%) and in the second group (Amoxycillin), in 0% (as compared to 22% after treatment with benzylpenicillin). On the basis of our experiences, Ampicillin and Amoxycillin are strongly recommended for the treatment of human Leptospira infections.

Adolescent↗