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M Lanczik

Publications and source records attributed to M Lanczik.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

A serine to glycine substitution at position 9 in the extracellular N-terminal part of the dopamine D3 receptor protein: no role in the genetic predisposition to bipolar affective disorder.

Association studies offer a promising tool to investigate the potential role of DNA sequence variation affecting the expression or sequence of proteins in susceptibility to common diseases. We determined the frequency of a DNA polymorphism resulting in a glycine to serine substitution at position 9 in the extracellular N-terminal part of the dopamine D3 receptor protein in a sample of 83 patients suffering from bipolar affective disorder and 100 control subjects. No significant differences between the groups were found. Thus, this substitution, which is the first sequence variation identified in the dopamine D3 receptor gene altering the amino acid sequence of the protein, can be regarded as a protein variant with no major effect on the susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder.

Alleles↗
PubMed1992

Post partum blues: depressive disease or pseudoneurasthenic syndrome.

Depressive mood disorders following childbirth can be quantified with self-rating and observer-rating scales. During two months, in the period from November 1989 to March 1990, women admitted to the obstetric unit of the University of Würzburg were examined on days 3 and 5 post-partum with the Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression, the Montgomery-Asberg-Depression-Rating-Scale and the Befindlichkeits-Scale by von Zerssen. Results reveal that during the early puerperium, scores on these scales rarely reach the same severity as in major depressive disorder. The clinical picture is no different from emotional-hyperaesthetic hyposthenia following other kinds of physical illness such as endocrine disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The Leonhard classification of endogenous psychoses--initial biological findings and differential therapeutic considerations].

Current systems of classification of endogenous psychoses, the APA's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and the International Classification of Diseases in particular, aim at a synthesis of Kraepelin's prognosis-orientated diagnostic scheme with the symptomatological approach as established by Eugen Bleuler and Kurt Schneider. The restriction to few diagnostic entities has remained unchanged to the present day and appeared at first to be confirmed and validated by modern pharmaco-psychiatry. Kraepelin's dichotomy has failed to make a major contribution to the etiologic clarification of endogenous psychoses. New diagnostic concepts beyond those currently applied in clinical psychiatry and biological psychiatric research must therefore be considered and should lead towards a more differentiated approach to psycho-pathological phenomena. Karl Leonhard's classification of endogenous psychoses which rests upon the pioneer work of Carl Wernicke and Karl Kleist is part of a tradition in psychopathology emphasizing the interface of biology and psychopathology. It might provide a basis for future empirical research in biological psychiatry and pharmacopsychiatry.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Autoaggressive behaviour and cholesterol.

A retrospective analysis of a sample of 1,088 patients suffering from affective psychoses did not reveal associations between serum cholesterol and suicidal behaviour. However, suicide was associated with lower body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Lack of association between dopamine D1 and D2 receptor genes and bipolar affective disorder.

Fifty-six patients with bipolar affective disorder and 69 healthy control subjects were tested for association of restriction fragment length polymorphism alleles at the dopamine D1 and D2 receptor loci. No significant associations were found; thus, the hypothesis that a single mutant form of either receptor gene is responsible for the phenotype of patients with bipolar affective disorder was not supported.

Alleles↗
PubMed1992

[Status of amine hypotheses in depressive disorders].

The biochemical effects of drugs modulating mood are the basis for still relevant hypotheses relating depressive disorders to dysfunctions of noradrenergic, serotonergic and/or cholinergic neurotransmission. The time course as well as the dose-effect-relationships point to the relevance for mood elevation of secondary adaptive processes rather than the direct actions of antidepressants. Direct evidence of dysfunctions sufficiently explaining the actual illness of the single individual has not been obtained at the level of transmitters, metabolites and receptors. Deficits of serotonergic transmission seem to be related to a personality dimension of poor impulse control closer than to nosological categories. This dimensional concept might also be valid for the relationships between cholinergic sensitivity and stress tolerance. Depression itself is possibly due to imbalances of multiple neuronal systems.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1992

[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome--a case report].

The occurrence of a malignant neuroleptic syndromes accompanied by urinary retention under the treatment with fluphenazine and prothipendyl in a mentally disabled psychotic is reported. Early recognition of the syndrome and immediate termination of the neuroleptic treatment lead to its spontaneous remission. Subsequent neuroleptic treatment by clozapine was tolerated without further complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Interaction between carbamazepine and fluvoxamine.

In 3 patients the addition of fluvoxamine to a constant dosage of carbamazepine (CZP) caused a substantial rise of plasma CZP accompanied by symptoms of intoxication. As this drug combination may occur increasingly in the future, this probably pharmacokinetic interaction is of practical relevance.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cholinergic-adrenergic balance: Part 1. Relationship between central and peripheral sensitivities.

Eight healthy volunteers were studied under double-blind conditions after acute challenge with the peripheral beta 2-agonist reproterol, either alone or combined with the peripheral indirect cholinomimetic neostigmine. Their responses were also studied after administration of the centrally active indirect cholinomimetic physostigmine. The beta-adrenergic rise in heart rate was cholinergically suppressed. The beta-adrenergic rise of plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was not cholinergically modulated, while that of plasma glucose tended to be cholinergically suppressed. Physostigmine induced an anergic-anhedonic syndrome accompanied by physiological, metabolic, and neuroendocrine stress phenomena. The beta-adrenergic and cholinergic sensitivities, respectively, of the various parameters investigated tended to be nonsignificantly intercorrelated. Only a limited portion of the variance was explained by drug effects. Sensitivity to neostigmine was completely unrelated to sensitivity to physostigmine. Thus, cholinergic sensitivity seems not to be decisive for the fine tuning of the highly complex regulatory systems studied and peripheral sensitivity not to be representative for the central one, at least if unselective drugs like neostigmine and physostigmine are used.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cholinergic-adrenergic balance: Part 2. Relationship between drug sensitivity and personality.

Sensitivity to the centrally active cholinomimetic physostigmine varies dramatically among healthy individuals. The elucidation of the reasons for this variability could contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of affective disorders where a cholinergic supersensitivity has been demonstrated. Therefore, personality characteristics and habitual stress-coping strategies were related to sensitivity to physostigmine in eight healthy male volunteers. Cardiovascular and behavioral responses tended to be positively correlated with irritability and emotional liability. Passive, "helpless" strategies for coping with stress were positively related to these responses. The metabolic and neuroendocrine responses to physostigmine were generally unrelated to personality. In view of putative beta-adrenergic disturbances in depression, the responses to the peripheral beta 2-adrenergic agonist reproterol were studied. Irritability and emotionality tended to be positively correlated with cardiovascular responses to reproterol as well as with reductions of heart rate by the peripheral cholinomimetic neostigmine.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Adrenergic-cholinergic imbalances: the physostigmine-syndrome is not antagonized by the MAO-A inhibitor brofaromine.

The centrally active cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine induces a behavioral syndrome which is thought to represent a model of spontaneous depression. In the present acute trial in 6 healthy volunteers, this model depression was accompanied by clearcut cardiovascular, metabolic and neuroendocrine phenomena of stress. The extent of the changes from baseline, however, scarcely correlated between the behavioral and physiologic phenomena. The behavioral and physiological phenomena could not be antagonized by brofaromine, a putative antidepressant reversibly and selectively inhibiting monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), contrasting to the complete inhibition by the central cholinolytic scopolamine. This is further evidence that antidepressant efficacy depends on long-term adaptive changes secondary to the enhancement of aminergic neurotransmission rather than this enhancement itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic validity of the cycloid psychoses. A prospective follow-up study.

In a prospective 4-year follow-up study, 26 out of 31 patients initially diagnosed as cycloid psychoses were investigated (anxiety-happiness psychosis n = 15; confusion psychosis n = 8; motility psychosis n = 3). Patients were independently interviewed by two clinical researchers. 61.5% showed one or several 'first-rank symptoms' according to Schneider. In addition, the SADS-LA was applied for RDC and DSM-IIIR diagnoses. According to these classification systems most of the patients were diagnosed as schizophrenic or schizoaffective. Personal interview as well as application of the Strauss-Carpenter Outcome Scale indicated a highly favorable clinical outcome, i.e. lack of affective or behavioral defective states in literally all patients of the study. These results justify the distinction of the cycloid psychoses as a nosological entity in general and--less convincingly--of the three subtypes of cycloid psychoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Puerperal and cycloid psychoses. Results of a retrospective study.

Puerperal psychoses are traditionally considered to be nosologically unspecific. They are defined exclusively by their occurrence close to delivery. Attempts to further diagnostically subdivide puerperal psychoses have been prevented to date by the influence of Kraepelin's dichotomy. New possibilities of nosological differentiation arose out of Kasanin's (1933) description of schizoaffective psychoses and out of Leonhard's differentiated nosology (1986). The objective of the present, retrospective study was to apply Leonhard's nosology to 42 postpartal psychoses. Five diagnostic groups could be identified: 6 cases of manic-depressive disorder, 7 cases of pure depression, 8 cases of pure melancholia, 2 cases of unsystematic schizophrenia, and 19 cases of cycloid psychoses. For this reason we consider that the concept of the cycloid psychoses is appropriate for the characterization of a large proportion of childbed psychoses.

Adult↗