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Biomedical subjects

M Lasserre

Publications and source records attributed to M Lasserre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Magnetic resonance imaging of von Meyenburg complexes: report of a pathologically documented case.

Von Meyenburg complexes (VMC) are rare malformations of the bile ducts. They are usually associated with adult dominant polycystic disease (ADPCD). Although generally benign, they may give rise to cholangiocarcinomas. Herein, we report the third MR documented case of VMC. The comparative diagnostic value of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) examinations is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Macrophage activation syndromes.

The clinical and laboratory features of 47 cases of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) were reviewed in a workshop within the Groupe Français d'Hématologie cellulaire. There was no predilection for a particular age group, while common symptoms at presentation included fever, hepatic and splenic enlargement and profound depression of blood count. Examination of bone marrow aspirates allowed diagnosis to be established in almost all cases. The most characteristic sign of MAS was the presence of well differentiated macrophages without notable cytologic abnormalities but shown to be actively ingesting haematopoietic elements. Haemophagocytic syndromes generally occur in patients who develop infections in the context of preexisting immunologic abnormalities or neoplasms. In the majority of patients evolution of the disease was regressive, once spontaneously but often after antibiotic, antiparasitic and/or antiviral treatment accompanied or not by corticotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Some regressive phases were followed by more or less long term relapse, especially in the case of associated systemic lupus erythematosus. There exists at present no explanation for the occurrence of MAS, although one may remark its association with other pathologies, in particular congenital or acquired immune deficiencies and haemopathies. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the appearance and evolution of the disease and at present two pathways of investigation of MAS seen to merit attention: exploration of macrophages themselves and their secretion products and exploration of lymphocytes and NK cells. The current possibilities for these investigations should lead to a greater understanding of the physiopathology of MAS and it is to be hoped that a better application of appropriate therapy will enable control of its evolution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Liver ischemia for hepatic resection: where is the limit?

BACKGROUND: A consecutive series of 50 patients who submitted to 53 hepatic resections with use of continuous normothermic liver ischemia is reported. METHODS: Portal triad clamping has been used in 28 cases, with associated inferior vena caval clamping above and below the liver (hepatic vascular exclusion) in 25 patients. The size of the tumor required major hepatic resection in 38 cases (71.7%). Malignant tumors (83%) were the most common indication for liver resection. Patients were placed in three groups according to the duration of liver ischemia: group A, less than 30 minutes (9 patients); group B, 30 to 60 minutes (29 patients); and group C, 60 or more (15 patients). RESULTS: No differences in mortality rates (5.7% in the entire series and 0% in group C) and morbidity rate could be shown. No significant difference was found in postoperative liver test results, and no persistent alteration remained thereafter. Liver biopsy at 6 and 12 months after operation did not reveal any chronic damage. Liver capability to regenerate was maintained as documented by postoperative computerized tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Because interruption of hepatic blood flow in normothermia is safe for at least 60 minutes (up to 85 minutes in this study), vascular clamping is recommended for hazardous liver resections to minimize blood loss, which appears to be the main factor of death and morbidity.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1991

[Is ischemia of the liver, lasting longer than an hour, a severity factor in hepatectomies? Apropos of 19 cases].

Nineteen hepatic resections with continuous liver ischemia exceeding one hour (60 to 85 min, m = 68 +/- 8 min) are reported. Surgery was undertaken for 15 malignant tumors, mainly metastatic, and 4 benign tumors. In 16 out of 19 cases, a major hepatic resection was necessary to remove massive and central lesions. Vascular clamping was a Pringle maneuver (9 cases), associated with inferior vena cava clamping-complete hepatic vascular exclusion (10 cases). 2050 +/- 2000 ml of packed red cells were infused peroperatively. No operative nor hospital mortality was recorded. Major complications developed in 6 patients: 3 intraperitoneal haemorrhages leading to complementary hemostasis of the raw surface of the liver in the first 24 hours, 1 erosive gastritis, 2 subphrenic abscesses treated by percutaneous drainage. Severe liver failure developed after left trisegmentectomy on a steatotic liver and led to emergency transplantation on the 17th day with success. Except this case, biochemical liver tests demonstrated slight and transitory alteration. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the rapidity of the regenerative process and liver biopsies at 6 and 12 months did not show any late changes. There is no relation between the duration of liver ischemia in the limits of this study and post operative morbidity rate, which is more influenced by the magnitude of the resection and the quality of the liver remnant.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Influence of the fatty acid composition of high-density lipoprotein phospholipids on the cholesterol efflux from cultured fibroblasts.

The purpose of this work was to determine whether the changes induced by dietary manipulations in the chemical composition of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (particularly phospholipid fatty acid composition) modified their capacity to promote [3H]cholesterol efflux from cultured fibroblasts. Plasma HDL were obtained from subjects fed for six successive long periods on diets consisting of one predominant fat: peanut oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil, low erucic acid rapeseed oil or milk fats. The [3H]cholesterol efflux from cells in the presence of plasma HDL was studied by means of normal adult human fibroblasts in culture. The [3H]cholesterol efflux from fibroblasts appeared to be independent of the overall composition of HDL and of the degree of saturation of the HDL phospholipid fatty acids, but it was correlated with the phospholipid fatty acid chain length. The [3H]cholesterol efflux from fibroblasts is highly and positively correlated with the sum of the HDL phospholipid C20, C22, C24 fatty acids, and negatively correlated with the sum of the HDL phospholipid C18 fatty acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dietary modifications of low-density lipoprotein fatty acids in humans: their effect on low-density lipoprotein-fibroblast interactions.

The chemical composition and metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in a population of Benedictine nuns were studied after 5-month periods during which the predominant dietary fats were sunflower oil, fluid of palm, peanut oil, milk fats, low erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil. The population was divided into three groups. The control group (C) included 12 subjects selected at random by taking 2 subjects per age pool among those with plasma cholesterol less than 230 mg/dl. Groups H1 and H2 were selected in the same way among those with plasma cholesterol less than 230 mg/dl. Groups H1 and H2 comprised 6 subjects and differed from each other in the amount of plasma cholesteryl esters, i.e., below and above the mean value of group C. Changes in LDL composition, according to the dietary fat, were associated with changes in LDL catabolism studied in fibroblast cultures, but no significant differences were found between the three groups.

Cell Communication↗
PubMed1985

Effects of different dietary intake of essential fatty acids on C20:3 omega 6 and C20:4 omega 6 serum levels in human adults.

Four diets which differed in fatty acid composition were provided for five months each to a group of 24 healthy nun volunteers. The diets contained 54% carbohydrates, 16% proteins and 30% lipids. One-third of the lipid part remained unchanged during the whole study, and two-thirds were modified during each period. For this latter portion, one of the following dietary fats was used: sunflower oil, peanut oil, low erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) oil or milk fats. This procedure allowed an evaluation of the effects of various amounts of dietary linoleic acid (C18:2 omega 6) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 omega 3) on the serum level of their metabolites. A diet providing a large amount of linoleic acid (14% of the total caloric intake) resulted in low levels of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (C20:3 omega 6) and arachidonic acid (C20:4 omega 6) in serum phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. A diet providing a small amount of linoleic acid (0.6% to 1.3% of the total caloric intake) induced high levels of omega 6 fatty acid derivatives. Intermediate serum levels of C20:3 omega 6 and C20:4 omega 6 were found with a linoleic acid supply of about 6.5% of the total caloric intake. Serum levels of omega 6 metabolites were not different after two diets providing a similar supply of C18:2 omega 6 (4.5% to 6.5% of the total caloric intake), although in one of them the supply of C18:3 omega 3 was higher (1.5% for LEAR oil versus 0.13% for peanut oil).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of several alimentary fats on serum lipids during long-term stabilized diets.

The intake of a stable diet during 25 months by 68 women living in a closed religious community allowed us to study the effects of various alimentary fats on the serum lipids. Thus we could observe the consequences of the quantitatively and qualitatively different fatty acids in the diet, while the total quantity of lipids and the other constituents of the dietary intake were unaltered. The serum total cholesterol and apoprotein B levels are correlated with the P/S ratio of the diet; on the contrary, the serum HDL cholesterol and apoprotein A levels are not correlated with the fatty acid composition of the diet. The moderate supply in lipids (30% of the total caloric intake) and cholesterol (300 mg/day) maintained during this study corresponds to the usual dietary recommendations. Therefore, not very high levels of serum total cholesterol were observed, whichever vegetable oil was consumed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Modification in the composition and metabolic properties of human low density and high density lipoproteins by different dietary fats.

The chemical composition and metabolism of lipoproteins in a population of Benedictine nuns were studied after 5-month periods during which the predominant dietary fats were sunflower oil, peanut oil, palm oil, or milk fats (butter and cream). The population was divided into three groups. The control group (C) included twelve subjects selected at random by taking two subjects per age pool among those with plasma cholesterol less than 230 mg/dl. Groups H1 and H2 were selected at random in the same way, among those with plasma cholesterol greater than 230 mg/dl. Each group comprised six subjects and differed from each other in the amount of plasma cholesteryl esters, i.e., below and above the mean value of group C, for H1 and H2, respectively. Changes in the degree of saturation of the predominant fat of the diet were associated with changes in both the chemical composition of lipoproteins and their cellular metabolism studied in fibroblast cultures. No significant difference between the normocholesterolemic subjects of group C and the "high risk" subjects of groups H1 and H2 was found.

Adult↗