PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Lavandier

Publications and source records attributed to M Lavandier.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Peripheral bronchopulmonary cancers. Diagnostic efficiency of fibroscopic samples. Prospective study on 561 patients].

The purpose of this french multicentric study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of samples collected by fibroscopy in peripheral lung cancer with normal endoscopy. Five hundred and sixty-one patients entered the study; a tumour had been diagnosed in 350 of them (62 p. 100). Among these 350 patients, 147 were examined with the help of a light-amplifier screen, and a positive diagnosis was made in 97 (66 p. 100). Guided sample collection in the pathological area (biopsy, brushing, transcatheter aspiration) proved much more rewarding than unguided sample collection (biopsy of the bronchus, simple aspiration or cytology of 3-day sputum): 45 p. 100 positive results versus 18 p. 100 (P less than 0.001). However, sputum cytology still had good diagnostic value since it provided by itself the diagnosis in 14 p. 100 of the cases. Results were significantly inferior in tumours less than 3 cm in diameter.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Pleural effusion in chronic pancreatic diseases. Apropos of 4 cases].

On the basis of 4 personal cases, the authors recall the principal features of pleural effusions caused by chronic pancreatitis. The pancreatic origin should be suggested in any case of recurrent exudative pleurisy. The assay of amylase in the pleural fluid is the key to the diagnosis. Investigation of pancreatitis benefits from modern methods of morphological investigations, essentially retrograde cholangiography and abdominal computed tomography. Treatment consists above all of that of the causal lesion : initially medical and sometimes requiring surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Disseminated aspergillosis in a patient with bronchiectasis. A 15-month clinical and immunological follow-up.

We report a case of disseminated aspergillosis involving both lung and brain in an adult female patient affected with bronchiectasis. Immunological follow-up was conducted before the clinical diagnosis and during the illness and revealed an excessively high helper-inducer/cytotoxic-suppressor (T4/T8) ratio. Peripheral granulocyte function was normal. A progressive reduction of lung and brain localizations was obtained with antifungal therapy and Imuthiol, an immunopotentiator which regulates the ratio of T-cell subsets. T4/T8 ratio returned to average values. The patient is alive 12 months after the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Excavated, thin-walled pulmonary metastases of a sarcoma of the cervix uteri].

A case of excavated pulmonary metastases from a fusiform cell sarcoma of the cervix uteri is reported. These metastases had special features: their wall were thin and they changed during the course of the disease. Excavation of pulmonary metastases is exceptional. The authors mention the low frequency of such metastases, describe the circumstances in which they are discovered and discuss their pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Alveolar macrophage dysfunction in malignant lung tumours.

Alveolar macrophage chemotaxis was measured in 129 individuals--13 normal volunteers, 15 tumour free patients with recent bronchopulmonary infections, 10 patients with chronic bronchitis, 29 patients with endothoracic sarcoidosis, 48 patients with primary bronchial carcinoma and 14 patients with pulmonary metastases from various origins. Chemotaxis was tested in the presence of either zymosan activated autologous serum, N-formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine (F-Met-Leu-Phe), or zymosan activated human AB serum. Alveolar macrophage chemotaxis was significantly less in patients with bronchial carcinoma than in healthy volunteers (p less than 0.01). Chemotaxis was significantly more depressed in samples obtained from the neighbourhood of the tumour than in samples from the opposite lung. Defective chemotaxis was also found in patients with sarcoidosis. In contrast, the presence of lung metastases did not affect chemotaxis. A recent bronchopulmonary infection was associated with significantly increased (p less than 0.02) chemotaxis in tumour free patients but not in patients with a primary lung tumour. The findings suggest that an intrinsic functional defect of alveolar macrophages might favour the development of bronchogenic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (imuthiol) and cancer.

Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (imuthiol), a nonantigenic, nontoxic and noncarcinogenic compound, evinces distinctive properties in recruitment and activation of T cells, and no direct influences on B cells or macrophages. The biological attributes of imuthiol (destruction of neoplastic cells, bacteria, fungi and parasites; a detoxifying influence against carcinogens or agents toxic for the liver) could strengthen its activity as a biological response modifier. Preliminary clinic testings show that imuthiol restores T cell activities and regulates the ratio among T cell subsets in cancer patients, without untoward side effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Benefits of polychemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma.

The benefits of polychemotherapy in advanced (Stage III) non-small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma remain uncertain. In attempt to answer the important question whether treatment improves well-being and survival in these patients, we did a prospective, randomized, single-blind study to compare polychemotherapy to a placebo. Thirty-nine consecutive patients were enrolled. Twenty received a drug combination consisting of: methotrexate, doxorubicine hydrochloride (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, and lomustine (CCNU) (MACC). The other group (19 subjects) received a placebo physically comparable to MACC. The two groups were initially comparable in terms of age, sex, clinical status, and tumor burden. In the treated group, seven patients had a radiologic response (more than 50% reduction in the tumor size), and the tumor stabilized in an additional five subjects. There were no responders in the placebo group. Median survival was 30.5 weeks for the MACC group compared to 8.5 weeks in the placebo group (P less than 0.0005, Gehan-Wilcoxon). We conclude that polychemotherapy (in this case MACC) significantly benefits patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Alveolar proteinosis. Report of 7 cases (author's transl)].

We followed 7 patients with biopsy proven alveolar proteinosis for 4 to 96 months. A typical clinical picture including: dyspnea, cyanosis, weight loss, clubbing, and rales, was present in 6 subjects. The 7th subject presented repeated bronchial infections. Chest Roentgenogram revealed an alveolar type infiltrate in each case. Sputum examination showed alveolar moulds of PAS positive material. Spontaneous improvement occurred in one subject who had only a moderate airway obstruction. The others, with severe restrictive defects, were rapidly improved by massive pulmonary lavage. Continued improvement was noted in the months following lavage. Repeated lavages was required in three subjects. Although spontaneous recovery of this rare disorder may occur, severe cases require pulmonary lavage. The diagnosis of alveolar proteinosis can be confirmed by analysis of sputum or lavage material.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The radiospirometric flow-volume diagram recording technique and comparative study with conventional spirometry.

The spirometric flow-volume diagram recorded for a forced expiration gives information which is used in assessing obstructive or restrictive pulmonary diseases. Regional data of the same kind can be achieved using a simple radiospirometric technique and scintillation camera. A series of images during inspiration and expiration are defined and a time-activity curve with an integration time constant of about 100-200 ms is obtained from the images during the forced expiration phase. The equivalent of the flow-volume diagram, i.e., the time derivative of the activity vs. activity is computed. There were 21 subjects studied in this series. Normal subjects or patients with various diseases underwent classical spirometry, so that the global radioactive diagram could then be compared to the spirometric flow-volume diagram and its parameters expressed in terms of volumes and flow: vital capacity, peak flow, mean flow, flow at mean volume. The correlation with classical spirometry is highly significant. Similarly regional data are consistent with the pulmonary results.

Adult↗