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Biomedical subjects

M Lemaire

Publications and source records attributed to M Lemaire.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The binding characteristics of some adrenergic beta-receptor antagonists to human serum proteins.

Binding of pindolol and 8 related compounds was studied in vitro by equilibrium dialysis. The overall binding in serum was compared with the binding to the main, isolated, serum proteins. Most substances show both saturable and non-saturable binding in serum. The saturable and main binding is to alpha 1-AGP, the low non-saturable binding corresponds to albumin and lipoprotein binding. The binding to alpha 1-AGP is characterized by approximately one binding site and association constants K ranging from 10(4) to 10(6) M-1. The binding of pindolol to alpha 1-AGP is strongly inhibited by propranolol, lidocaine, erythromycin, imipramine and TBEP. Significant correlations were found between log NK and log partition coefficient octanol-phosphate buffer suggesting that the protein binding of the 9 adrenergic beta-receptor antagonists to all serum proteins, including alpha 1-AGP, is predominantly hydrophobic in nature.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Role of lipoproteins and erythrocytes in the in vitro binding and distribution of cyclosporin A in the blood.

The distribution of cyclosporin A between plasma, leucocytes and erythrocytes was studied in vitro by means of sedimentation in Ficoll-Paque and dextran. The uptake by erythrocytes was found to be about 50% and the fraction of cyclosporin A bound to leucocytes amounted to 15%. Fractionation of plasma by ultracentrifugation also showed that two thirds of the drug were associated with lipoproteins whereas binding studies with isolated lipoproteins and plasma also indicated that lipoproteins were the major complexing constituents for cyclosporin A in plasma. The binding of cyclosporin A to erythrocytes and lipoproteins seems to be a linear process. The binding to the leucocytes may be a saturable process, however it is of minor importance in terms of the overall binding capacity in the blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

On the altered nucleocytoplasmic transport "in vitro" of rapidly labelled RNA, in the presence of cytosol or serum from tumor-bearing rats.

Enhanced nucleocytoplasmic RNA transport has been demonstrated by incubating normal rat liver nuclei in presence of cytosols originating from the poorly differentiated, fast-growing hepatoma HW-165, in the linear phase of tumor growth. The effect of hepatoma HW-165 cytosol was reduced or suppressed in presence of small amounts of normal liver cytosol: on the other hand, several polypeptides of molecular weight 20,000 to 40,000 daltons were hardly detectable in hepatoma HW-165 cytosol, both arguments indicating that potentially regulatory proteins should be absent or present in reduced concentration in hepatoma HW-165 cytosol. No modification of RNA release was observed in presence of cytosols originating from the thymus of RNA virus (BL/F)-infected rats, whatever be the time after inoculation. Attempts were made to use the nuclear restriction assay, supplemented with plasma or serum of various origins, as a biochemical marker of neoplasia. In a first series of assays, including 80 cancer patients and 12 healthy controls, the RNA transport activity was stimulated by the serum of patients bearing various tumors (lung cancer, cancer of the respiratory tract, uterine cervix...), except in a few cases of mammary carcinoma, where values equivalent to or lower than the controls were obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Thyroid influence on the growth of hepatoma HW-165 in Wistar rats.

The development of a fast-growing hepatoma (HW-165) in normal euthyroid Wistar rats, was shown to be stimulated by daily injection of a dose of triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) as low as 1.5 microgram/100 g body weight. Administered to thyroidectomized rats, T3 completely restored the frequency of tumor initiation and accelerated the growth of the hepatoma, which had been considerably slowed down in hypothyroid rats. Contrary to other investigators, working on fast-growing Morris hepatomas, we did not observe any significant increase in the T3 level in the serum of hepatoma HW-165-bearing rats. Similarly, the tetra-iodo-L-thyronine (T4) levels were of the same order of magnitude in the blood of both normal and tumor host animals. The mitotic activity was reduced in hepatomas transplanted in hypothyroid rats and increased in tumors of T3-treated animals. These results support the assertion of Short (20) suggesting a relationship between the mitogenic effects of iodothyronines on the normal hepatocyte and on transplanted tumors of hepatic origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of plasma extraction techniques in preparation of samples for endotoxin testing by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate test.

Due to the presence of inhibitory and possible mimicking substances in plasma difficulties have occurred in the use of the Limulus amoebocyte lysate test. Currently, there are a variety of extraction techniques discussed in the literature which are used to remove these interfering substances, but there is little information comparing these techniques. Five such procedures were compared in their ability to provide an extracted plasma sample in which low levels of endotoxin could be detected by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate test. Results indicated that some procedures adversely affected endotoxin detection. The dilution + heating extraction method was found to be as effective as the widely used chloroform extraction method. Comparison of Limulus amoebocyte lysate test results from healthy human plasma samples extracted by these two methods indicated that lysate type and not extraction procedure was associated with previously reported questionable positive tests. Thus, ambiguities associated with Limulus amoebocyte lysate tests of plasma samples may be due not only to extraction method but also the lysate type employed.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1980

[Femoro-patellar joint. Advantages of axial projection in external rotation of the knee (author'r transl)].

The classical technic for radiological examination of femoro-patellar joint cannot visualize a lot of real chondromalacia. Their diagnosis, and, therefore, their treatment, usually surgical, rely on doubtful results of clinical examination. Axial projections combined with external rotation of the knee is not perfect, but it is a good improvement. It reveals many femoro-patellar syndroms without any radiological expression until this time.

Femur↗
PubMed1978

Survey for positive Limulus amoebocyte lysate test in plasma from humans and common research animals.

A survey for positive Limulus amoebocyte lysate tests was conducted on apparently healthy humans, mongrel dogs, rats, mice, rabbits, and squirrel monkeys. Only mongrel dog (45.8%) and human (32.8%) plasma samples gave positive tests. In dogs, a significant correlation between positive Limulus amoebocyte lysate tests and the presence of intestinal parasites was found. Positives found in human plasma samples were thought to be due to the presence of background levels of endotoxin or some possible mimicker substance found in the plasma after chloroform extraction. It was concluded that there was a need to distinguish between these positive Limulus tests and those which represent significant endotoxemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Aseptic inflammatory reaction in surgery of the knee (author's transl)].

The author reports 15 cases which show the clinical and laboratory characteristics and treatment of the aseptic inflammatory reaction observed after operation on the knee. It should be carefully distinguished from pyogenic arthritis; the clinical signs and the appearance of the synovial fluid are identical. Only laboratory examination permits ones to distinguish them, by the presence or absence of bacteria. This is a benign complication which becomes cured within a few days by common medical anti-inflammatory treatment. The danger is confusion with septic arthritis and the choice of inappropriate treatment, which often causes severe sequelae of even secondary infection. The true cause of this complication which in every way resembles acute inflammatory rheumatism, remains unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Chronic knee instability. Technics and results of ligament plasty in sports injuries].

Chronic laxity of the knee in sportsmen is limited in practice, owing to the mechanisms of blockage of rotation, to lesions of the medial and anterior cruciate ligaments, associated or not with tears of the meniscus. Full assessment is essential to draw up a full therapeutic plan. It is very difficult, even when clinical examination is completed by excellent XRays. The great technical facility of operations of musculo-aponeurotic transposition, has led surgeons to discard plastic operations on the ligaments. They do, however, give the best chance of return to sporting activity. Two techniques are discussed, one a plastic of the medial ligament, the other designed to palliate rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. These operations are strong and precise straightaway but the prognosis depends mainly on the number of structures affected.

Athletic Injuries↗