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Biomedical subjects

M Lemola

Publications and source records attributed to M Lemola.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The development in smoking habits in Canton Bern 1977 to 1987. Survey of smoking habits through regular x-ray screening in industry].

The smoking habits of workers were registered on occasion of chest-x-ray screening over the eleven years period from 1977 to 1987 in Berne, Switzerland. In 1977 about 52% of the males were smoking. During the eleven years a decrease in prevalence of smoking can be observed in the male population. The decrease is more pronounced among older than among younger males. Young women smoke more frequently than older women. The prevalence has remained stable at about 28% in the female population between 1977 and 1987. These findings are in accordance with other Swiss studies and show that in Switzerland the preventive radiodiagnostic institutions are important vehicles for community oriented prevention and prevention research.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Nitrofurantoin-induced acute, subacute and chronic pulmonary reactions.

The clinical histories of 81 patients with hypersensitivity reactions to nitrofurantoin, 66 of whom had pulmonary reactions, were studied. Of all patients, 94% were women and of these, 43% were between 40 and 59 years of age. The nitrofurantoin preparation that contained vitamin c caused significantly fewer hypersensitivity reactions than the others. Acute pulmonary reactions appeared a mean of 8.7 days after the start of nitrofurantoin treatment. Typical for these were high fever, dyspnoea, cough, blood eosinophilia, bilateral pneumonic or pleuro-pneumonic infiltrations, a reduced transfer factor of the lung and, as revealed in pulmonary biopsy specimens, vasculitis, interstitial inflammation and alveolar exudation. Symptoms of subacute and chronic pulmonary reactions developed after at least 1 and 6 months of treatment, respectively. Findings of interest were anti-nuclear antibodies in serum, capillary sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and inflammation in pulmonary tissue. Most patients with an acute pulmonary reaction recovered within 15 days, but in more than half of those with chronic reactions slight signs of pulmonary fibrosis persisted on follow-up. The findings suggest that the interstitial pulmonary changes caused by nitrofurantoin are largely the result of an Arthus-type immune complex-mediated reaction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and tartrazine in patients with asthma.

One-hundred and forty asthmatics were tested perorally with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and/or with the azo-colour tartrazine; a fall in PEF of more than 20% was accepted as a positive result. About one quarter of the patients displayed a positive reaction to one of the two tested agents. No significant correlation was found between the reactions of these, and the presence of atopy, nasal polyposis, sinusitis, rhinitis, sensitivity to cold air, the age at onset, duration of asthma, or history of sensitivity to alcoholic drinks. The history suggested sensitivity to ingested, possibly coloured, food and drink, in only about one third of the tartrazine-positive cases. The ASA provocation tests were mainly applied to patients with doubtful or negative histories of sensitivity to ASA-containing drugs. The frequency of cross-reactivity between the two tested agents was statistically significant; patients reacting to tartrazine were for the most part, also sensitive to ASA. Tests for sensitivity to analgesics and food additives should be conducted as a routine measure in asthmatics, and sensitive patients should be given information on suitable medication and dietary control.

Adolescent↗