A new technique of injecting insulin without a needle employs a jet injector to administer a high-pressure stream of medication. This method causes very little pain and affords great accuracy, ease of administration, and safety. The medication is more widely diffused in the body by jet injection than by the needle-and-syringe technique. The control of blood sugar (with similar doses of insulin) achieved by the two techniques is similar, and their effect on local tissues is also similar. In the patients studied, jet injection appeared to be a very satisfactory method of administering insulin and has met with good patient-acceptance. Jet injection is also a useful method for the visually handicapped.

Absorption↗

PubMed1966

Intravascular clotting and hemostasis.

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Separation of human pancreatic carboxypeptidase A isoenzymes by high performance liquid chromatography.

Human pancreatic carboxypeptidase A, which was isolated from a pool of necrobiotic pancreae, crystallized spontaneously and appeared homogenous in sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography of the dissolved crystals, however, revealed the presence of two distinct isoenzymes, which were shown by aminoterminal sequence analysis to be only 61% homologous in their 31 amino terminal amino acids. On the other hand, amino terminal sequences of the isoenzymes were found to be 79% and 87% homologous with CAP1 and CPA2 of the rat, respectively. Thus, the presence of two distinct pancreatic carboxypeptidase A isoenzymes could be clearly demonstrated for the first time in human tissue.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of persistent cerebral smooth muscle contraction in response to whole blood.

Using an in vitro system designed to measure arterial constriction, we have demonstrated the importance of platelet function in maintaining cerebral smooth muscle contraction after whole blood injection. We tested two agents, acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and phthalazinol, both known to interfere with platelet function. In control tests normal rabbit and monkey blood produced a reliable and persistent arterial constriction. In experimental tests blood drawn from animals premedicated with ASA and phthalazinol failed to produce a persistent contraction. These results support the hypothesis that chemicals released during platelet aggregation may be important in persistent vasospasm.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of cerebral palsy with botulinum toxin A: functional benefit and reduction of disability. Three case reports.

Three patients with cerebral palsy are described suffering, respectively, of pes equinus, spasm of the m. teres major and flexion spasm of the hand, who were treated with botulinum toxin A. These patients demonstrate not only the local reduction of the muscular hyperactivity following treatment with botulinum toxin A but also the potential functional benefit resulting from such a treatment. Thus, local intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin A in children with cerebral palsy should be considered as part of a multidisciplinary treatment concept, since reduction of the disability and the functional improvements could have high impact on daily living activities.

Activities of Daily Living↗