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Biomedical subjects

M Lye

Publications and source records attributed to M Lye.

79 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Defining and treating urinary infections.

Urinary infections increase not only with age but also with progressive disability and dependence. The reasons are not clear, but the rising incidence may be due to loss of bactericidal prostatic secretion in men; an increase in residual urine with ischemia of the bladder wall in both sexes; and recumbency, poor nutrition, and perhaps decreased defficiency of the autoimmune system in elderly patients with chronic diseases. Laboratory diagnosis of infections depends on the demonstration of 100,000 or more organisms of a single type in the urine. Fewer than this, or the presence of two or more types of organisms, indicates contamination. Careful collection and handling of urine specimens are necessary to avoid false-positive results. Pyelonephritis and acute cystitis are symptomatic infections and require antibiotic treatment. Chronic bacteriuria, however, usually does not produce symptoms, and since there is no clear evidence that it causes changes in renal function, antibiotic therapy usually is unnecessary.

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PubMed1977

Effects of a heatwave on mortality-rates in elderly inpatients.

The relation between the number of in-patient deaths occurring in a department of geriatric medicine and external air temperatures recorded during the heatwave of 1976 in the U.K. was investigated. There was a close correlation between the mortality-rate and the weekly average of peak daily temperatures. There was less of an increase in mortality among the elderly patients in the better insulated buildings. The total number of deaths among elderly patients increased threefold during the hottest period of the heat-wave. These results suggest that measures may need to be taken in the elderly to combat the harmful effects of heatwaves.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Whole-body and exchangeable potassium measurements in normal elderly subjects.

A comparison of total body potassium status of eighteen healthy subjects with normal renal function in the age group 65-85 years, measured by whole body counting and by total exchangeable potassium on plasma and urine samples taken at 24h, shows that there is no delay in exchange in radioactive potassium in the elderly, and that the exchangeable method gives a reliable value of total body potassium. The results suggest that the normal range for potassium per kilogramme body weight is lower for old persons than for younger age groups.

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PubMedDate not supplied

What factors influence patient preferences regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of medical and non-medical factors on the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) preferences of patients, to determine which of them are the most important to patients when considering CPR, and to compare the views of older (> or = 70 years) and younger (< 70 years) patients. We interviewed 180 patients, 86 of whom were aged 70 years or older. 'I do not want to be a burden on my family' was the most important factor for older patients, and they were more ready to leave the decision to the doctor than were the younger patients. 'I want to retain my capacity to think clearly' was most important to younger patients. In general, younger patients gave higher ratings in favour of CPR than older patients. Increased age, drug abuse, dementia, pain, poor functional status and a low likelihood of success were associated with a lower preference rating for CPR in both age groups.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heart failure in the elderly patient.

Both prevalence and incidence of heart failure rise with age. Diagnosis of heart failure in the older patient may be difficult because of atypical symptoms or the acceptance of symptoms as manifestations of old age. Heart failure is not a diagnosis but a syndrome. Echocardiograms should be obtained in most elderly patients to aid diagnosis and assessment. Loop diuretics, taking into account the altered homoeostasis of old age and presence of co-morbidity, are the mainstay of symptomatic treatment. ACE inhibitors are likely to benefit survival, although formal trials have failed to include many older patients. Digoxin and direct vasodilators are less well tolerated in elderly patients.

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