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Biomedical subjects

M M Ayoub

Publications and source records attributed to M M Ayoub.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Psychophysical lifting capacity over extended periods.

The effect of time on an individual's lifting capacity over extended periods using a psychophysical approach was studied. Twelve male subjects estimated their lifting capacity in a 25 min period, and then attempted to lift this weight for an 8 h period under varying conditions. For one experimental condition the subjects were allowed to adjust the weight, the final adjusted maximum acceptable weight of lift (MAWOL) averaged 85.4% of the original MAWOL determined in the 25 min session. The subjects also attempted to lift for an 8 h period, without any weight adjustments. All 12 subjects lasted the 8 h at 2 lifts per min, but at a frequency of 8 lifts per min only three subjects completed the eight hour lifting task. This indicates that the psychophysical approach is a valid method to measure lifting capacity across the lower lifting frequency range but overestimates the lifting capacity at the higher frequency range. Slight fluctuations were noted in heart rate and oxygen consumption which were recorded every hour.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Blood and component wastage report. A quality assurance function of the hospital transfusion committee.

The transfusion service of a regional referral medical center issues a monthly blood and component wastage report to the Hospital Transfusion Committee. The report includes the amount and type of units wasted, who is responsible, and the cost incurred by the wastage. The individuals responsible for wastage include physicians, nurses, and laboratory personnel. Physicians are responsible for most wastage, principally by failing to administer thawed or pooled blood products. The Hospital Transfusion Committee initiated a wastage-reduction program that included a letter to physicians indicating the patient's name and the type of blood and/or components that the addressed physicians was responsible for wasting. Simple corrective actions results in a 73 percent reduction in our blood and component wastage. Monitoring of blood and component wastage should be routine quality assurance function of the Hospital Transfusion Committee.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1989

Reduction of fresh frozen plasma use with a simple education program.

Fifty-six charts of patients who received 307 units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) were audited to determine the transfusion practice of this component at our 550-bed regional referral hospital. Forty-six patients (82%) were on the surgical service. Indications for FFP transfusion were poorly documented. Forty-nine patients (87%) lacked evidence of a coagulopathy. An educational program addressing appropriate use of FFP was initiated. Over the course of two years, FFP usage dropped by over 1,000 units annually (46%).

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1987

Establishing a physical criterion for assigning personnel to U.S. Air Force jobs.

The Air Force has had problems with personnel being physically unable to perform the tasks within their assigned Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC). An assignment criterion was developed based on a single isoinertial strength score (X1): the incremental 1.83 m lift. The job assignment criterion was developed through three phases of work: Phase I analyzed AFSC tasks; Phase II developed strength/stamina tests; and Phase III established the assignment criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Predicint lifting capacity.

As science and technology become more sophisticated and with the rapid computation capabilities of the modern computer available, it becomes both possible and economically feasible to scientifically study man and his interaction with his working environment. It is now possible for a person seeking employment to expect and obtain a position which will not be unnecessarily hazardous to his immediate health or have detrimental effects over the long run. Manual materials handling is the contributor of over 400,000 back injuries suffered in the U.S. each year. This research is directed at determining the appropriate operator variables to measure for predicting the permissible weight of lift for three ranges of lift: floor to knuckle height, knuckle height to shoulder height, and shoulder height to reach height. A modified psychophysical procedure was used during which the subjects were instructed to adjust the weight in a tote box to the maximum weight they could lift repetitively without excessive strain or fatique. The task consisted of lifting loads under different conditions of task variables, namely, height of lift, frequency of lift, and load size. Industrial workers as well as students of both sexes were used as subjects. Based on the data obtained, the lifting capacity of the worker was determined for the different ranges of lift. In addition, predictive models were developed based on the operator variables and the task variables investigated.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1977

Lifting capacity of workers.

In order to establish a valid criteria on which to establish lifting guidelines, lifting capacity determination must be made. This has been attempted using several approaches mainly psychophysical, physiological, and biomechanical methodologies. Although the data obtained from these approaches yield information about lifting capacity, some conflict in these data can be found. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the three different approaches, the data obtained from these approaches, and some data on the lifting capacity for males and females in the industrial workforce. In addition, the conflicts in these data are also presented.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

Work scheduling under normal and prolonged-vibration environments.

This paper summarizes the research conducted to study human performance and recovery under prolonged, whole-body, vertical vibration. The results showed that performance under vibratory environment is inferior to that under normal environment. Interaction between work-rest schedules and the vibratory environment was detected. Parameters affecting selection of optimum work-rest schedules are discussed.

Attention↗
PubMed1976

Assessment of the physical work capacity of institutionalized mentally retarded males.

Educable and trainable mentally retarded males (N=37) were examined for physical work capacity. Analysis of results indicated that the physical work capacity of the test population was 20 to 30% below that cited in the literature for nonretarded subjects of similar age and sex. Evidence also suggested that developmental and maintenance programs of physical fitness were required in order for mentally retarded persons to qualify for and maintain employment on most of the manual occupational tasks cited.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of oxytocin and/or PGF2 alpha on breeding efficiency in buffaloes.

A study was conducted on 40 buffalo-cows, assigned randomly, immediately after calving into three groups: group I (n = 10) injected with saline and taken as control; group II (n = 15) received 25 mg PGF2 alpha/animal (Lutalyse); group III (n = 15) received 25 mg PGF2 alpha + 25 i.u. oxytocin/animal (Syntocinon), single i.m. dose. Oxytocin and/or PGF2 alpha significantly (P less than 0.01) shortened the interval from calving to first service (38.33 and 31.53 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 91.60 days for controls). The treatment reduced the service period (38.29 and 35.87 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 45.40 days for controls). Concomitantly a significant (P less than 0.01) decrease in the open-days post partum was achieved (76.62 and 67.40 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 137.00 days for controls). In addition, the treated buffaloes needed significantly (P less than 0.01) fewer services per conception (1.67 and 1.20 S/C for groups II and III respectively) than the untreated ones (2.70 S/C), besides a substantial improvement (P less than 0.01) in their conception rate either at 60 or 85 days post partum. Significantly improved (P less than 0.05) results were obtained in the oxytocin and PGF2 alpha treated animals, than in those receiving PGF2 alpha alone for all the previous parameters, except for the service period. Buffaloes therefore seemed to respond better to such treatment than dairy cows.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Manual materials handling capabilities in non-standard postures.

Research efforts to establish manual materials handling (MMH) capabilities of individuals and populations have been conducted for many years. Most of the previous efforts have explored 'standard postures', utilizing two-handed, symmetric, sagittal plane MMH using unrestricted postures. Recognizing that many industrial MMH activities do not utilize 'standard postures', recent research projects have explored psychophysically determined MMH capacities in a variety of non-standard postures. Among the non-standard postures examined were: twisting while lifting or lowering, lifting and lowering from lying, sitting, kneeling, and squatting positions, and carrying loads under conditions of constricted ceiling heights. This paper presents the results of a series of previous research efforts at Texas Tech University. The results are presented in the form of population capabilities of both males and females for 99 MMH tasks using 'non-standard postures'. The data tables contain means and standard deviations of the data, as well as percentile distributions for the subject populations. Sample sizes for the experimental populations ranged from 45 to 50 subjects of each sex in the first three experiments to 20 subjects of each sex in the fourth set of experiments.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of speed, frequency, and load on measured hand forces for a floor to knuckle lifting task.

The purpose of this study was to describe and quantify measured hand forces during floor to knuckle lifting of various loads. Hand forces of five subjects were measured with a strain gauge apparatus for normal and fast speeds of lifting at 1, 4, and 8 l/min. The pattern of hand force over time exhibited peaks in force in the shape of a spike for all fast lifts, indicating that subjects did not lift smoothly. For normal speed of lift, only one of the five subjects executed some lifts smoothly, indicating that it may be possible to lift smoothly, but most lifters probably do not. Peaks of horizontal and vertical components of hand force were tabulated by speed of lift, frequency, and load.

Adolescent↗