Biomedical subjects

M M Haluzík

Publications and source records attributed to M M Haluzík.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Effect of PPAR-gamma agonist treatment on markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Thiazolidinediones are insulin-sensitizing drugs acting through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of 5-month treatment with PPAR-gamma agonist--rosiglitazone (4 mg/day), on the circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction and to evaluate the role of changes in endocrine function of adipose tissue in this process. Biochemical and metabolic parameters, circulating adiponectin, resistin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, PAI-1, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) concentrations were assessed in 10 women with type 2 DM before and after rosiglitazone treatment and in a control group of healthy women. At baseline, diabetic group had significantly higher serum concentrations of glucose, glycated hemoglobin, V-CAM and PAI-1 compared to control group. Adiponectin levels tended to be lower in diabetic group, while resistin concentrations did not differ from control group. Rosiglitazone treatment improved diabetes compensation, significantly reduced VCAM-1, PAI-1 and E-selectin concentrations and increased adiponectin levels, while it did not affect serum resistin concentrations. Adiponectin concentrations at baseline were inversely related to E-selectin and MPO levels, this correlation disappeared after rosiglitazone treatment. We conclude that 5-month rosiglitazone treatment significantly reduced several markers of endothelial dysfunction. This effect could be at least in part attributable to marked increase of circulating adiponectin levels.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2005

PPAR-alpha and insulin sensitivity.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. PPAR-alpha, first of its three subtypes (alpha, beta, gamma) has traditionally been considered an important regulator of lipid metabolism while its role in the regulation of insulin sensitivity has not been recognized until recently. Here we summarize the experimental and clinical studies focusing on the role of PPAR- alpha in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. In most of the experimental studies the activation of PPAR-alpha in rodents leads to improvement of insulin sensitivity by multiple mechanisms including improvement of insulin signaling due to a decrease of ectopic lipids in non-adipose tissues and decrease of circulating fatty acids and triglycerides. In contrast, the effect of PPAR-alpha agonist in humans is much less pronounced probably due to a lower expression of PPAR-alpha relative to rodents and possibly other mechanisms. Further clinical studies using more potent PPAR-alpha agonists on a larger population need to be performed to evaluate the possible role of PPAR- alpha in the regulation of insulin sensitivity in humans.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2005

Adipocyte-derived hormones in heroin addicts: the influence of methadone maintenance treatment.

Heroin addiction markedly affects the nutritional and metabolic status and frequently leads to malnutrition. The aim of our study was to compare circulating concentration of adipose tissue-derived hormones leptin, adiponectin and resistin in 12 patients with heroin addiction before and after one-year methadone maintenance treatment with the group of 20 age- and body mass index-matched healthy subjects. Basal serum leptin and adiponectin levels in heroin addicts were significantly decreased (3.4+/-0.4 vs. 4.5+/-0.6 ng/ml and 18.9+/-3.3 vs. 33.9+/-3.1 ng/microl, respectively; p 0.05) while serum resistin concentrations were increased compared to healthy subjects (10.1+/-1.2 vs. 4.6+/-0.3 ng/ml; p 0.05). Moreover, positive correlation of serum leptin levels with body mass index was lost in the addicts in contrast to control group. One year of methadone maintenance treatment normalized serum leptin, but not serum adiponectin and resistin concentrations. In conclusion, circulating concentrations of leptin, adiponectin and resistin are markedly altered in patients with chronic heroin addiction. These alterations appear to be relatively independent of nutritional status and insulin sensitivity.

Adipocytes↗

PubMed2004

Adiponectin and its role in the obesity-induced insulin resistance and related complications.

It is now generally accepted that adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ producing a number of substances with an important role in the regulation of food intake, energy expenditure and a series of metabolic processes. Adiponectin is a recently discovered protein produced exclusively by adipocytes. A number of studies have shown that obesity, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis are accompanied by decreased adiponectin levels and that adiponectin replacement under experimental settings is able to diminish both insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the physiology and pathophysiology of adiponectin and to discuss its potential in the treatment of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.

Adiponectin↗