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Biomedical subjects

M M Ismail

Publications and source records attributed to M M Ismail.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sleep deprivation in the rat: XV. Ambient temperature choice in paradoxical sleep-deprived rats.

Previous studies of total sleep deprivation (TSD) and paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) in the rat by the disk-over-water method have indicated that both produce changes in thermoregulation. In both kinds of deprivation, there was a progressive, large increase in heat production as indicated by measures of energy expenditure (EE). In TSD there was an initial increase in waking body temperature (Tb) followed by a later decrease; in PSD there was only a progressive decrease. The increases in heat production far in excess of heat storage indicated increased heat loss in both groups. Because the increase in Tb in TSD rats was supported by ambient temperature choices (Tch) in a thermal gradient that became progressively higher during deprivation, an increase in waking temperature setpoint (TSET) was indicated. Because the rats resorted to behavioral warming in spite of greatly increased thermogenesis, they must have had some failure to retain body heat. Prior to the present study, changes in TSET, had not been evaluated in PSD rats. Because they had not shown increases in Tb, PSD rats might not have an elevated TSET, which would indicate a functional difference between PS and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Also, an evaluation of behavioral thermoregulation in PSD rats would clarify whether their Tb decline resulted from excessive heat loss or from a lowered TSET. To evaluate changes in heat flow and TSET, EE, Tb and Tch were measured in five PSD rats and their yoked control (PSC) rats. PSD rats showed progressive increases in EE and decreases in Tb as in the earlier PSD study; Tch rose progressively. PSC rats showed minimal changes in all three parameters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Alternate chemotherapy in experimental schistosomiasis.

Schistosoma mansoni infected mice were treated with a single oral dose of either praziquantel (400 mg/kg) or oxamniquine (100 mg/kg). The uncured mice, after the first dose, were given a second dose of the same drug or alternatively with the other drug. The drug efficacy was monitored by stool examination and egg count using Kato-thick smear technique. Praziquantel was found to be more effective, it gave 60% cure rate after the first dose, increased to 100% after the second dose, than oxamniquine which had 37% and 74% cure rates respectively. Furthermore, in uncured mice praziquantel resulted in more egg count reduction than oxamniquine. Treatment with the alternate drug of mice not cured with the first treatment gave 100% cure rate with praziquantel and 83% with oxamniquine. It was concluded that praziquantel is generally more effective than oxamniquine and cases not cured with a single dose of either drugs may be effectively treated with a second dose of the other.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Benign obstruction of subclavian and axillary veins possibly due to filariasis.

This paper analyses the clinical features of 8 patients with post-thrombotic obstruction of the subclavian and axillary veins demonstrated by phlebography. The classic physical signs of swelling of the arm with dilated superficial collateral veins were seen. The causes of thrombotic obstruction are discussed and the precipitating cause in this study was possibly filariasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Studies with Brugia pahangi 10. An attempt to demonstrate the sharing of antigenic determinants between the worm and its hosts.

Infective stage Brugia pahangi that were reared in Aedes aegypti survived equally well in cats that had previously been immunized against mosquito tissue and in a normal cat. The survival of third, fourth, juvenile, adult and microfilarial stages of B. pahangi that were recovered from cats was similar in jirds that had been immunized against cat antigens and in normal jirds. Host antigenic determinants were not detected on the surface of larvae in substantial amounts using fluorescent antibody techniques. It is unlikely that B. pahangi evades the immune response of its vertebrate hosts by masquerading as "self" behind host antigens.

Aedes↗