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Biomedical subjects

M M Kini

Publications and source records attributed to M M Kini.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Hydroxychloroquine retinopathy.

We analyzed ocular findings from two patients (aged 49 and 60 years) with hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil, Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, Division of Sterling Drug, Inc., New York, New York) retinopathy. Both patients were treated for systemic lupus erythematosus; one patient was treated with 400 to 800 mg of hydroxychloroquine per day (6.1 to 12.2 mg/kg of body weight/day) over a ten-year period. Cumulative doses were 1,788 and 2,920 g, respectively. Neither patient had ever been treated with chloroquine. One patient complained of glare and difficulty in adjusting to changes in illumination, whereas the other was asymptomatic. Both had bilateral visual acuities of 20/25, pericentral scotomata, and increased final dark-adapted rod thresholds in the two retinal areas that were tested. Fullfield electroretinograms were reduced and delayed, and focal cone electroretinography showed abnormal foveal responses as well. Ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography showed a bull's-eye maculopathy in both eyes of one patient and perifoveal depigmentation in both eyes of the other patient. Retinal function remained stable at follow-up examinations 18 to 24 months after the cessation of hydroxychloroquine treatment. These two cases demonstrate that peripheral retinopathy, as well as maculopathy, can develop in patients who are treated with hydroxychloroquine for systemic lupus erythematosus, and that retinal function may remain stable after discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine treatment.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed1991

Management of retinal detachment with choroidal coloboma.

Seventeen eyes with retinal detachment secondary to retinal breaks in the colobomatous area were managed by vitrectomy procedures. Endodrainage was done through the break in the colobomatous area, with simultaneous fluid-air exchange. Endolaser photocoagulation was performed along the colobomatous margin posteriorly, while the anterior portion was treated by transscleral cryopexy. Silicone oil was then exchanged with air. In nine cases, the silicone oil had to be removed for complications such as emulsification, glaucoma, and keratopathy; in three of these eyes, oil removal resulted in recurrent retinal detachment. At the 2-month follow-up visit, there was 100% anatomic success, and 12 eyes (70.6%) recovered visual acuity of 10/200 or better. Of the 11 eyes with follow-up of more than 6 months, in 9 (81.8%) the retina remained reattached at last-follow up, and in 6 eyes (54.5%) a visual acuity of 10/200 or better was obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Prevalence of senile cataract, diabetic retinopathy, senile macular degeneration, and open-angle glaucoma in the Framingham eye study.

Of the Framingham, Massachusetts Heart Study population, 2,675 individuals underwent an ophthalmologic evaluation that stressed detection of senile cataract, diabetic retinopathy, open-angle glaucoma, and senile macular degeneration. Those examined were 52 to 85 years old at the time this study was initiated. The prevalence rate of each of these ocular conditions increased with age. Prevalence of senile cataracts ranged from 4.6% for those between the ages of 52 to 64 years to 46% for those 75 to 85 years of age. Diabetic retinopathy was present in 2% of those between 52 and 64 years of age or older. Overall prevalence of senile macular degeneration was 9%, with a prevalence rate of 2% in our youngest age group and 28% in the oldest age group. Open-angle glaucoma had an overall prevalence of approximately 3%. This disease also showed a statistically significant (P less than .01) increase with age from 1.4% (52 to 64 years old) to 7.2% (75 to 85 years old).

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The Framingham Eye Study. I. Outline and major prevalence findings.

During the period 1973--1975, 2675 out of 3977 still-living members of the Framingham, Massachusetts, study population, who have been under investigation for coronary disease risk factors since 1948 and who were in 1973--1975 aged 52 to 85, were given an eye examination stressing cataract, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration and glaucoma. Of 2940 subjects who still lived in the local Framingham area, 2477 were examined. Local population prevalence for one or both eyes positive was: 15.5% for senile cataract, 3.1% for diabetic retinopathy, 8.8% for senile macular degeneration and 3.3% for open-angle glaucoma. The proportion of adults with poor "best" visual acuity may be much less than has been estimated by the National Health Survey and the proportion with open-angle glaucoma much more than currently suspected on the basis of foreign studies.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

The Framingham Eye Study. II. Association of ophthalmic pathology with single variables previously measured in the Framingham Heart Study.

Using the age-sex-specific data collected in the Framingham Heart Study 1948--1964 together with ophthalmic diagnoses made in the Framingham Eye Study in 1973--1975, the following variables were found to be associated with senile cataract: education, casual blood sugar, systemic blood pressure, height, vital capacity, serum phospholipid and hand strength; with senile macular degeneration: systemic blood pressure, height, vital capacity, left ventricular hypertrophy, hand strength and history of lung infection; with diabetic retinopathy: casual blood sugar, urine sugar and other specific elements of diabetes; with ocular hypertension: systemic blood pressure, height, casual blood sugar and pulse rate. No variables were identified as associated with open-angle glaucoma. The paper stresses the need for corroboration of these findings, which may be a mix of real and chance associations, and the need for additional analyses before any of these associations are considered evidence of factors related to risk of ophthalmic disease.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Framingham Eye Study monograph: An ophthalmological and epidemiological study of cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and visual acuity in a general population of 2631 adults, 1973-1975.

Ophthalmologic examinations for cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration and visual acuity were performed on 2631 of the 3977 members of the Framingham (Massachusetts) Heart Study population still living in 1973-1975. The subjects ranged in age from 52 to 85 years. This monograph presents the detailed protocols and record forms for screening and diagnostic examinations, definitions of the specific abnormalities and characteristics used to screen for each disease, criteria for suspicion and diagnosis of diseases, detailed tables of the basic data from the study, evaluation of quality of the data, and discussion of selected findings. The tables provide data on the number and proportion of persons and of eyes with each type of abnormality and each disease, by age and sex. Where appropriate, the data are further classified by location of abnormality, severity, bilaterality and associated visual acuity limitation. The study was sponsored by the National Eye Institute.

Adult↗