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M M Normand

Publications and source records attributed to M M Normand.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Neurophysiologic evaluation of cyclosporine toxicity associated with bone marrow transplantation.

INTRODUCTION: Cortical blindness, a rare form of cyclosporine (CSA) neurotoxicity, has previously been described in only nine bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. METHODS: Our institution averages 35 allogeneic BMT's per year. In the past year we have seen two women with reversible cortical blindness secondary to CSA toxicity. RESULTS: Age (years) (Case 1; Case 2): 32; 22. Day post-BMT: 41; 50. Peak CSA level (ng/ml): 1159; 632. Both had a history of renal toxicity requiring adjustment of CSA dosage. MRI - both with diffuse while matter changes. EEG - both with moderate to severe generalized slowing. Visual evoked potentials were markedly prolonged in both. Auditory evoked potentials: minimally abnormal; normal. Somatosensory evoked potentials - both normal. Prompt improvement occurred with discontinuation of CSA. Followup neurophysiologic evaluations were normal, however structural changes remained on MRI. CONCLUSION: As neurophysiologic studies closely follow the clinical status they should be included in the evaluation and followup of CSA neurotoxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity in electroencephalograms.

Temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (TIRDA) has been reported to be highly specific for diagnosing complex partial epilepsy. Of 12,198 electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings performed at the Mayo Clinic between May 1, 1990 and May 1, 1991, 33 records from 27 patients (18 women and nine men; mean age, 41.5 years; range, 13-82 years) showed TIRDA. Clinical seizures were diagnosed in all patients, and complex partial epilepsy was well documented in 23. In a control group of 100 patients without TIRDA and matched for age and sex, generalized seizures were diagnosed in 25 and partial seizures in 15. Differences between TIRDA and control groups were highly statistically significant. Focal temporal sharp waves or spikes occurred in 23 patients with EEG recordings that contained TIRDA; three of these patients also exhibited generalized atypical spike-and-wave discharges. Four patients had TIRDA but no other epileptiform activity, although earlier EEGs of three of these patients contained spikes or sharp waves. These findings confirm earlier work, and we conclude that TIRDA represents an important epileptogenic abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Neurophysiologic evaluation of cyclosporine toxicity associated with bone marrow transplantation.

INTRODUCTION: Cortical blindness, a rare form of cyclosporine (CSA) neurotoxicity, has previously been described in only nine bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. METHODS: Our institutions averages 35 allogeneic BMT's per year. In the past year we have seen two women with reversible cortical blindness secondary to CSA toxicity. RESULTS: Age (years) (Case 1; Case 2): 32; 22. Day post-BMT: 41: 50. Peak CSA level (ng/ml): 1159; 632. Both had a history of renal toxicity requiring adjustment of CSA dosage. MRI - both with diffuse white matter changes. EEG-both with moderate to severe generalized slowing. Visual evoked potentials were markedly prolonged in both. Auditory evoked potentials: minimally abnormal; normal. Somatosensory evoked potential - both normal. Prompt improvement occurred with discontinuation of CSA. Followup neurophysiologic evaluations were normal, however structural changes remain on MRI. CONCLUSION: As neurophysiologic studies closely follow the clinical status they should be included in the evaluation and followup of CSA neurotoxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cervical dystonia: a review the role of botulinum toxin.

Cervical dystonia, although rare in the general population, can severely affect the lives of those afflicted with the disease. Throughout history several theories have been proposed regarding its etiology and pathophysiology, from underlying mental disorders to post-infectious to altered basal ganglia and brainstem function. However, CD remains poorly understood. Because of its similarity to Idiopathic Torsion Dystonia a genetic basic is suspected, but is not proven. Without a true understanding of the disease treatment remains symptomatic, and begins with physical therapy and medications and progresses to consideration of surgery. These treatment strategies have provided some relief, which is usually less than satisfactory within a short period of time. Recently, the use of botulinum toxin has provided significant symptomatic relief of pain in CD and has been associated with subjective and objective improvement in head posture. This newest therapy, although symptomatic, restores a more normal head posture and pain relief enabling the individuals with CD to continue to be active and productive participants in life, providing a ray of hope to these people as we continue to search for a better understanding of the disease process and the development of more effective treatment strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cranial nerve conduction and needle electromyography in patients with acoustic neuromas: a model of compression neuropathy.

Of 45 patients with acoustic neuromas (0.3-5.0 cm), 73% had facial nerve impairment on electrophysiologic testing, but only 16% had facial weakness. Cranial nerve conduction was the most sensitive measurement, especially prolongation of the ipsilateral R1 latency of the blink reflex compared with that of the contralateral reflex. The severity of nerve conduction abnormality was highly correlated with tumor size. Our results confirm and quantitate the sensitivity of nerve action potential latency in response to chronic nerve compression.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Interaction of random electromyographic activity with averaged sensory evoked potentials.

We averaged sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) of the median nerve recorded at the wrist, forearm, and elbow with up to 6,000 trials in the presence of quantitated levels of background EMG activity in six normal volunteers. The SNAP could be recorded reproducibly with averaging when the EMG amplitude was up to 50 times the SNAP amplitude. EMG amplitudes of greater than 100 times the SNAP amplitude produced continuous variation in the averaged waveform that did not stabilize, probably because of the quasi-random, large, triphasic potentials that make up the EMG. Monitoring and reduction of background EMG activity can improve reliability of somatosensory evoked potential recording.

Adult↗