PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M M Tanashian

Publications and source records attributed to M M Tanashian.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Effects of extrastimulation on morphofunctional state of cochlear stria vascularis].

An electron-microscopic study of the response of cochlear stria vascularis (CSV) cells to an electric impact of physiotherapeutic parameters was made in 26 guinea-pigs. Twelve guinea-pigs (group 1) have undergone 9 sessions of bilateral endaural electrostimulation with square bipolar impulses (4 ms, 0.1-0.4 mA, 50 Hz, 20 min). Fourteen guinea-pigs of group 2 have undergone a 12-18-day course of intramuscular ototoxic antibiotic canamycin in a dose 200-400 mg/day followed by the above electrostimulation. Nine anesthesized guinea-pigs of group 3 were inserted an electrode into the niche of the round window of the right ear. After a 10-day course of canamycin (200 mg/day) they were exposed to electrostimulation (8 sessions) with impulsed alternative current (100 Hz, 1 ms, 0.08 mA, 30 min). Five guinea-pigs served control. Morphofunctional state of CSV was assessed at electronograms by analyzing cell ultrastructure and counting the number of secretory vacuoles in the apical region of marginal cell cytoplasm. In group 1 there was intensification of biosynthetic processes in all CSV cells and a significant (p<0.01) increase of vacuole number in the marginal cells (53.9+/-3.8) vs normal value (33.9+/-1.5). In group 2 ultrastructure of all CSV cells was less affected and secretory activity was almost normal (31.4+/-2.9). CSV cell condition was similar to ultrastructure of the cells in group 2. The number of vacuoles in CSV marginal cells of the right (28.9+/-1.98) and left (29.1+/-5.4) cochleas was similar. Thus, electrostimulation activates biosynthetic processes in CSV structures and enhances secretory activity of marginal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Functional sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer].

A vestibular function was analysed in 50 patients with supratentorial ischemic stroke. It is shown that high incidence of vestibular disorders in focal brain lesions located aside of basic vestibular centers and their correlation with clinical and device data, dynamics of the pathological process evidence for high functional sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer (VA). This sensitivity underlies VA reaction both to morphological and functional-dynamic impacts.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Cardiogenic ischemic strokes: pathogenetic aspects].

Eighty-three patients with acute ischemic stroke (56 men and 27 women, mean age 90.1 +/- 10.8 years) were examined in order to elucidate the significance of paroxysmal heart rhythm disorders and silent myocardial ischemia and determine the pattern of hemorheological changes. Traditional clinical instrumental examinations were supplemented by Holter monitoring and measurements of a wide spectrum of hemostatic and hemorheological values. Cardiogenic ischemic strokes were pathogenetically heterogeneous. Holter monitoring helped detect the significance of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the pathogenesis of embolic cardiogenic stroke. One of the key factors in development of hemodynamic cardiogenic stroke was transitory bradyarrhythmia and deterioration of left-ventricular contractility. Cardiogenic strokes are associated with hemostatic activation with predominant changes in the plasma hemostasis, which dictates purposeful hemocorrection.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Ascolong: a new buccal dosage form of acetylsalicylic acid to be used and antiaggregant].

AIM: Study of the tolerance and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of ascolong, a new buccal dosage form of aspirin containing a very low dose of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA): 12.5 mg. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out in 43 healthy men (assessment of the drug tolerance) and 19 male patients with coronary disease or cerebrovascular disorders. In 10 patients the antiaggregant efficacy of ascolong administered once or regularly (for 2 weeks) in a dose of 12.5 mg was compared with placebo, in 9 patients a random cross study of 2-week courses of ascolong and Russian aspirin tablets in a dose of 100 mg was carried out. Platelet aggregation was assessed on days 1 and 14 of each course before and 2, 4, and 24 h after the drug intake. RESULTS: Ascolong containing a very low dose of ASA exerts a reliable antiaggregant effect after a single and regular intake, although this effect is less manifest than after aspirin tablets. Profiles of ASA concentrations in the blood were studied. Transbuccal entry of ASA in systemic circulation decelerated its metabolism into a less active metabolite, salicylic acid, due to which fact the ASA microdose had an expressed antiaggregant effect. The drug was sufficiently well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The new buccal film form of aspirin containing a very low dose of ASA possesses a good antiaggregant effect and is promising in subjects with contraindications to oral intake of aspirin.

Administration, Buccal↗
PubMed1998

[The changes of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in plasma in ischemic stroke].

Contents of lipids (cholesterol CS, triglycerides) as well as levels of CS of lipoproteins of different density and of apolipoproteins A1 and B were measured in blood serum of 31 patients in different periods after of ischemic stroke. The majority of the indices studied were significantly decreased in men in acute periods of the stroke, especially in 8-21 days after the stroke development. Meanwhile, the levels of lipids, CS lipoproteins of both low and very low densities were increased later. Contents of CS of antiatherogenic lipoproteins of high density (HDLP) was low in different periods after the development of disorders of cerebral circulation. This confirms the concept that low level of HDLP is one of the risk factors of ischemic stroke. Decrease of the levels of both lipids and CS of lipoproteins of different density was more pronounced in patients with more severe atherosclerotic damages of the main cerebral arteries. Disorders of metabolism of lipoproteins in ischemic disorders of cerebral circulation are discussed with reference to literary data taking into consideration their heterogeneity. Genetically determined pathology of certain apolipoproteins plays a key role factor in the development of early atherosclerosis and in the elucidation of biochemical markers of the primary damages of cerebral vessels.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuromuscular electrostimulation in acute ischemic stroke].

Efficacy of poststroke rehabilitation depends on intensity of afferent current from the paretic limb to the lesion. The afferentation course is represented by neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) of the paretic hand's finger and hand extensors. The procedure's effect on the focus of acute ischemic lesion was analysed with MRT imaging including diffusion-perfusion-weighted MRT which can assess bioenergetic condition of the focus and brain perfusion. The analysis shows that NMES in acute ischemic stroke does not result in enlargement of the lesion and deterioration of brain circulation. Motor function seems to recover faster in the group given NMES.

Aged↗