PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Malm

Publications and source records attributed to M Malm.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Alterations in skin properties during rapid and slow tissue expansion for breast reconstruction.

This study comprises 23 women who had had mastectomies because of breast cancer. They were randomly divided into two groups when they were admitted for breast reconstruction by tissue expansion. The first group was expanded rapidly, i.e., every day, and the other group was expanded slowly, i.e., every week. There were no other differences in the treatment between the two groups. Three months after completion of expansion, the expander was replaced by a permanent prosthesis. The follow-up time was up to 6 months after the second operation. Three different parameters--distensibility, elasticity, and hysteresis--were measured noninvasively on the breast skin and at a control site on several occasions throughout the treatment. During the treatment period there were no differences in skin properties between rapidly and slowly expanded patients. Of the three parameters, distensibility showed the most prominent changes: decreasing during the expansion period, increasing after the expander had been replaced by a permanent prosthesis, and decreasing during the following 6 months. Elasticity did not change significantly, except decreasing after insertion of the permanent prosthesis, and the hysteresis increased at the same time. These findings indicate that tissue expansion alters breast skin only to a small extent and that the mechanical resistance sometimes encountered during tissue expansion is due to deeper structures such as underlying muscles or capsule formation.

Body Water↗
PubMed1991

Low-power HeNe laser treatment of venous leg ulcers.

Clinical observations have suggested that low-energy lasers, mainly helium-neon (HeNe) lasers, might stimulate wound healing. A controlled study of the effects of low-power HeNe laser was performed in conjunction with a standard treatment for healing chronic venous leg ulcers on 46 patients divided randomly into two groups. All patients received standard treatment (paste-impregnated bandage and a self-adhesive elastic bandage) plus either HeNe laser (wave-length, 632.8 nm; beam power, 6 mW; continuous emission, energy density, 4 J/cm2) or placebo HeNe laser twice weekly for 12 weeks. The areas of healing were examined and compared percentage-wise after 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks. There were no significant differences in the proportion of healed ulcers or ulcer area in the HeNe group compared with the placebo group.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ectatic blood vessels in port-wine stains lack innervation: possible role in pathogenesis.

The innervation pattern of port-wine stains was investigated using indirect immunohistochemistry with antibodies to protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and neurofilament (NF). The pathologically dilated vessels in the middle and deep dermis were found to have defective innervation with only single or no nerve fibers in their vicinity, while other structures in the skin showed a normal density of fibers. NSE- and PGP-like immunoreactive (-LI) nerve fibers were observed innervating vessels with a normal morphology and other structures in the skin, such as sweat glands and hair follicles, as free nerve endings and in nerve bundles. The nerve bundles were often seen to pass the ectatic vessels without giving off any branches. CGRP-LI nerve fibers were detected running toward epidermis, whereas no fibers were found around the ectatic vessels. NF-LI fibers were seen innervating normal vessels in dermis, while in relation to the dilated vessels, no or only occasional fibers were observed. The lack of innervation may be of importance for the development of the disease as a result of decreased tonus of the vessels and/or a loss of neuronal trophic factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of low power gallium arsenide laser on healing of venous ulcers.

The healing of venous ulcers of the leg with and without gallium arsenide laser treatment was studied in 42 patients randomly divided into two groups. One group received standard conservative treatment and gallium arsenide laser, and the other received the same standard treatment and placebo laser treatment. There were no differences in results between the two groups.

Arsenic↗
PubMed1991

A placebo controlled trial of ultrasound therapy in chronic leg ulceration.

A controlled study of the effects of ultrasound on healing chronic leg ulcers was carried out in conjunction with standard treatment on 38 patients divided randomly into two groups. All patients received standard treatment (paste impregnated bandage and a self-adhesive elastic bandage plus placebo ultrasound or ultrasound (1.0 watt/cm2 at 1 MHz, for 10 min) twice weekly for 8 weeks. Percentage healed ulcer area and number of healed ulcers were compared after 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. There were no significant differences in the proportion of healed ulcers or ulcer area in the ultrasound group as compared with the placebo group.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Reactivity of the microcirculation in port wine stain hemangiomas evaluated by laser Doppler fluxmetry.

Twelve patients with port wine stains (both untreated and treated with argon laser) had their microcirculation monitored by laser Doppler flux at rest and after arterial occlusion lasting one minute. The blood cell flux was measured in normal, untreated and treated skin areas. The resting flux was significantly higher in untreated port wine stains than in the normal skin. The reactive hyperemia response was significantly impaired in the untreated skin, although a 60% increase in blood cell flux was achieved by the short arterial occlusion. In most of the recorded parameters the treated areas showed a less pathological reaction than the untreated ones. We conclude that peroperative vasodilation can be induced in port wine stains, and this may be used to improve the outcome of argon laser treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two burn units: clinical significance and epidemiological control.

Routine isolation adequately controlled MRSA strains in two burns units with a restrictive antibiotic policy. Ventilation control and more rigorous change of clothing offered no further advantage. No carriers among staff were found, but some suffered minor skin lesions that were the source of further MRSA spread. Spread of MRSA from the unit to other parts of the hospital was prevented by early identification of colonized patients and by restricting patient and staff movement.

Burn Units↗
PubMed1988

Telespectrophotometric reflectance measurements for evaluating results after argon laser treatment of port-wine stain compared with natural color system notations.

Telespectrophotometric reflectance measurements are shown to give objective values of spectral changes in the port-wine stain skin after argon laser therapy. There are, however, many circumstances influencing the measurements and other factors to consider when evaluating the curves, which are hard to translate into human visual experience. Natural color system notations based on psychometric experiments, which give a cognitive description of color appearance, seem to have more value for qualitative judgement of the color change after treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Port-wine stain--a surgical and psychological problem.

Patients with large and small port-wine stains have been studied using an intensive interview technique. Those with large defects were shown to have reality problems in common. In addition, their experiences were found to be tempered by individual life events and personality dynamics. Those with small port-wine stains who sought treatment showed no reality problems but experienced great individual psychological problems, which in this study are proved to be the same type. The implications of these findings for prophylaxis against mental illness as well as factors to take into consideration when treating these patients are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Continuous wave (CW) dye laser vs. CW argon laser treatment of port wine stain (PWS).

Pulsed dye laser treatment has shown specific vessel damage and thrombosis and good clinical bleaching of PWS at lower energy densities than continuous wave (CW) argon laser treatment. Based on a pilot study with CW dye laser treatment of PWS, we wanted to investigate whether CW dye laser would be more beneficial in PWS treatment than argon laser treatment. The hypothesis was tested in 20 randomized PWS patients, but no difference in treatment results was detected between the two treatment modalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Argon laser treatment of port wine stain.

The authors achieved excellent results using argon laser treatment of PWS in 45% of 84 patients. Punch biopsies were taken preoperatively in all patients. Their classification according to fullness of erythrocytes of the vessels was found to be of relative value in predicting the treatment result. It is thus found to be advisable to administer a test treatment of a limited area in all patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Deoxythymidine pools of human skin and guinea pig organs.

The activity of antiviral nucleoside analogues like acyclovir is influenced by a number of cellular factors, one being the deoxythymidine (dThd) concentration. We therefore analysed the dThd concentration in human plasma and skin and in organs of guinea pig, the common experimental animal. High-performance liquid chromatography showed low amounts of dThd in human skin, 0.20-1.15 nmol/g, whereas guinea pig skin and spleen had 20-30 nmol/g and the concentration in guinea pig plasma was 10-times higher than in human plasma. These animals are therefore in this respect less suitable as accurate models for antiviral nucleoside activity in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Accidental burns with domestic fire-lighting fluid.

The use of methyl alcohol (methanol) as an igniting fluid is very dangerous. Nineteen patients (17 males and 2 females), burned while using this fluid for lighting barbecues or filling lamps and stoves, have recently been treated at the Burn Unit at the Karolinska Hospital. A mean of 23% body surface was involved and many of the burns were deep dermal or full thickness. Ninety percent of the patients had facial burns. Hospital stay averaged 23 days with 2.2 operations. It seems that previous alarms ( Nordstr öm & Nyl én, 1975) remain unheeded by both manufacturers and consumers. The public must be warned about the dangers associated with the use of methanol. Briquettes as solid fuel for barbecues and safer ignition fluids ought to be popularized .

Accidents, Home↗