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Biomedical subjects

M Man

Publications and source records attributed to M Man.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

An association study of 43 SNPs in 16 candidate genes with atorvastatin response.

Variation in individual response to statin therapy has been widely studied for a potential genetic component. Multiple genes have been identified as potential modulators of statin response, but few study findings have replicated. To further examine these associations, 2735 individuals on statin therapy, half on atorvastatin and the other half divided among fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin and simvastatin were genotyped for 43 SNPs in 16 genes that have been implicated in statin response. Associations with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering, total cholesterol lowering, HDL-C elevation and triglyceride lowering were examined. The only significant associations with LDL-C lowering were found with apoE2 in which carriers of the rare allele who took atorvastatin lowered their LDL-C by 3.5% more than those homozygous for the common allele and with rs2032582 (S893A in ABCB1) in which the two groups of homozygotes differed by 3% in LDL-C lowering. These genetic effects were smaller than those observed with the demographic variables of age and gender. The magnitude of all the differences found is sufficiently small that genetic data from these genes should not influence clinical decisions on statin administration.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Brown tumor of the spine and progressive paraplegia in a hemodialysis patient.

STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVE: To describe the radiographic features and management of spinal brown tumor and to document tumor mineralization after parathyroidectomy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Brown tumors are classic skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroidism usually seen in severe forms. They are increasingly rare because hyperparathyroidism is now diagnosed and treated at an early stage. METHODS: A case of brown tumor of the spine in a 37-year-old woman on chronic hemodialysis is described. The imaging findings before and after parathyroidectomy are discussed. RESULTS: In a woman on chronic hemodialysis, a brown tumor of T8 caused acute spinal cord compression with paraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging provided an accurate evaluation of the lesion, and needle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Emergent surgery was needed to relieve the spinal compression and stabilize the spine. The vertebral lesion underwent remineralization after parathyroidectomy. CONCLUSION: Brown tumor is a benign tumor that resolves after parathyroidectomy. When brown tumor arises in the spine, surgery may be needed to preserve neurologic function.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Clinicopathological significance of p16 gene expression in the surgical treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

AIMS: To evaluate the clinicopathological significance of p16 expression in the surgical management of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. METHOD: p16 expression in 225 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) was studied using an immunohistochemical method and paraffin wax embedded tumour tissues. Associations between p16 expression and clinicopathological features were investigated. RESULTS: Decreased p16 expression was found in 48% of the tumours. There was a higher frequency of decreased p16 expression in tumours of the larynx compared with those from the pharynx and oral cavity. There was a significant correlation between decreased p16 expression and more advanced T stage. There was no significant correlation between p16 expression and sex, age, tumour grade, nodal metastasis, recurrence, or survival. CONCLUSION: There was a high frequency of downregulation of p16 expression in HNSCC. Tumours of the larynx had a significantly higher frequency of weak p16 expression compared with tumours of the oral cavity and pharynx. Downregulation of p16 contributed to cellular proliferation, resulting locally in a more advanced tumour. It had no prognostic significance for nodal metastasis and survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The disposition of saquinavir in normal and P-glycoprotein deficient mice, rats, and in cultured cells.

Protease inhibitors are very effective in treating patients infected with HIV. However, many drugs in this class penetrate poorly into the central nervous system (CNS) and may permit this site to be a sanctuary from which resistant virus can emerge. Previous studies have shown that the protease inhibitor saquinavir (SQV) interacts with the multidrug transport system, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), expressed in epithelial cells in the gut mucosa and at the blood-brain barrier, and thus might affect both the oral absorption and the penetration of SQV into the CNS. To determine whether SQV is a substrate for P-gp, its uptake was determined in cancer cells, which do (Dx5) and do not (MES-SA) express P-gp. The distribution of SQV between brain tissue and plasma was also investigated in rats and in normal and P-gp-deficient mdr1a(-/-) mice. The distribution ratio of SQV in plasma:brain:cerebrospinal fluid was approximately 100:10:0.2 in rats. The accumulation of SQV was enhanced in MES-SA cells (P-gp-negative) versus Dx5 cells (P-gp-positive). Bolus i.v. injection of [(14)C]SQV (2 and 5 mg/kg) into mdr1a(-/-) and normal mice (n = 3 or 4) resulted in 3-fold higher radioactivity in brains from mdr1a(-/-) mice. Similarly, oral administration of [(14)C]SQV (500 mg/kg) resulted in a 5-fold increase in systemic exposure and a 10-fold increase in brain levels in mdr1a(-/-) mice. These data demonstrate that saquinavir is a substrate for P-gp and that this transport system may play a role in limiting oral absorption and CNS exposure to this protease inhibitor.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed2000

[Role of mini-invasive surgery in the treatment of patients with neoplasms, particularly in colorectal carcinoma].

Laparoscopic surgery has found its firm position in the treatment of benign diseases. Yet, oncologic laparoscopy remains a controversial technique. Its indication is discussed, especially its specific complication in oncologic diseases--recurrence of malign tumors within the scar after the trocar. The authors have performed an extensive recherché on the incidence of local recurrences of malign tumors after laparotomy or laparoscopy. They compare the functional results of both techniques, radical measure of intervention and their technical limits. They analyse the causes of local recurrences as well as possibilities of their reduction. They evaluate also their own experience in laparoscopy performed in coincidence with malign diseases, especially in palliative surgery. They suggest indications of laparoscopy in cases with colorectal carcinoma which is currently, as well as prospectively the most frequent malign disease of the gastrointestinal tract in our region.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Gastroesophageal reflux disease from the viewpoint of the surgeon].

Surgical treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) represents an alternative approach in relation to the long-term pharmacologic therapy of prokinesis, and secretoinhibitory therapy. It must be considered in cases where the conservative approach has failed. The success of surgical treatment depends on an individual approach to the patient. The factors determining the surgical indication and especially the type of surgery, include age, anatomy of the hiatus and the results of pre-operational examinations of the esophagus. The type of operation depends on the ability of the esophagus to contract and to transfer the propulsion activity. According to the authors, the key examination is represented by the detection of esophageal contractility by use of esophageal manometry. The alternative option is represented by scintigraphic measurement of esophageal transit time by use of a tagged bolus. The patients with disappeared contractility are preferentially treated by conservative therapy due to the high risk of post-operational dysphagia. 80% of patients are treated by the standard procedure of laparoscopic fundoplication by a 360-grade cuff. The cases with decreased contractility or esophageal dysmotility are preferentially treated by partial fundoplication in Toupet's modification. The shortening of the esophagus requires consideration as to chest approach, or Collis' operation. Intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus requires specific procedures. Severe dysplastic changes require the consideration of resection treatment. The gained therapeutic results are evaluated by both, the subjective point of view of the authors, as well as by standard pH measurement and manometry of the esophagus performed 6 weeks after surgery.

Fundoplication↗
PubMed1998

[Gangliocytic paraganglioma of the duodenum].

Gangliocytic Paraganglioma of the duodenum is rare neuroendocrine tumor. This type of the tumor can cause bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract and epigastric pain in this region. It can be difficult to differentiate this tumor from the primary tumor of the head of the pancreas growing secondary to the duodenum. The authors describe one such misdiagnosed case treated finally successfully by hemipancreatodecodenectomy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1994

Entrapment and compartment syndromes of the upper limb in haemophilia.

17 patients with haemophilia have been treated for a neurological deficit of the upper limb. Four of the five entrapment neuropathies have been operated upon, and only two patients recovered completely. Only two of the 12 patients with a compartment syndrome have been operated upon, and only two had sequelae. Clotting factor replacement is always indicated as primary treatment. Surgical release is indicated if the condition fails to improve. Late treatment was responsible for incomplete recovery, whatever the cause of the nerve compression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Isotope dilution technique for the estimation of l-alpha-[2-3H]-acetylmethadol and its metabolites in biological samples.

An isotope dilution technique for the determination of l-alpha-(2-3H)-acetylmethadol and its metabolites from biological samples is described. The parent drug and metabolites were extracted from biological samples with chlorobutane after the addition of unlabeled internal standards. The extracts were purified by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography for quantification by gas-liquid chromatography and scintillation counting. Dinoracetylmethadol (NNAM) was found to be converted to 6-acetamido-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanol (AMIDE) during the extraction procedure. The conversion of NNAM to AMIDE was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acromioclavicular dislocations: treatment by coracoacromial ligamentoplasty.

We did a retrospective review of 32 patients who had undergone acute treatment for acromioclavicular joint dislocation (mean follow-up period 46 months) and 24 patients who had undergone surgery for chronic joint dislocation (mean follow-up period 51 months). All patients had a ligamentoplasty performed using the coracoacromial ligament. With the shoulder functional score described by Patte, we obtained 81% satisfactory results for the patients who underwent acute treatment and 79% satisfactory results for those who underwent late treatment. Because results in both groups were similar, we now treat only the more severe form of acute dislocation with surgery. Delayed surgery is indicated in those patients who have an unsatisfactory result after functional treatment.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Breast tuberculosis--a case report].

The authors report a case of breast tuberculosis in a 58-year-old patient in which the diagnosis was made with difficulty, initially the case being interpreted as a neoplastic process. This diagnosis should be considered in such cases. In our area, in the present tuberculosis endemic, the cases of tuberculosis with extrapulmonary localisation are more and more frequent.

Antitubercular Agents↗