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Biomedical subjects

M Manner

Publications and source records attributed to M Manner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Orthograde Kirschner wire osteosynthesis. Experiences with intramedullary fixation of the distal metacarpal V fracture].

Dislocated metacarpal V fractures, fixed by percutaneous Kirschner wires or other implants near the metacarpophalangeal joint, often show impaired movement despite excellent radiologic findings. We therefore chose an alternative method using intramedullary Kirschner wire osteosynthesis according to Foucher. Twenty-five patients were operated on in a 3-year period and movement of the fingers and complications were examined. Six weeks after operation all fractures were consolidated in anatomical reduction. One patient suffering from an early stage of Sudeck's dystrophy was healed, and no other complications appeared. Three months after treatment all patients achieved free movement of the fingers with anatomical alignment. We therefore recommend intramedullary Kirschner wire osteosynthesis in distal metacarpal V fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[In Process Citation]

Cryophlebectomy, a more recent technique in varicose veins surgery, was evaluated in comparision with conventional techniques. Group IA: Microphlebectomy, invaginative stripping of the long saphenous vein, tourniquet, n = 90; group IB: only microphlebektomie and tourniquet, n = 72. Group IIA: Cryostripping of the long saphenous vein in combination with cryosurgical distal avulsion of varicosities and microphlebectomy, n = 112; gr. IIB: only cryosurgical distal avulsion of varicosities and microphlebectomy. Data were compared regarding duration of operation and hospitalisation and cosmetic outcome. Hospital stay (gr. IA: 9.1 +/- 5.1 d vs. gr. IIA: 6.1 +/- 2.1 d, gr. IB: 5.5 +/- 2.3 d vs. gr. IIB: 4.8 +/- 2.5 d) and duration of operation (gr. IA: 113.6 +/- 35 min vs. gr. IIA: 67 +/- 21.3 min, gr. IB: 74.4 +/- 35.3 min vs. gr. IIB: 53.3 +/- 15.5 min) were found to be significantly shorter and cosmetic result and postoperative discomforts improved in the cryophlebectomy-group. We conclude that the use of this combination of methods reduces invasivity, rises the patient's well-being and helps in cost-reduction.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[Vascular injuries complicating osteosynthesis in proximal femur fractures].

While there are quite a number of reports on vascular injuries complicating hip arthropasty by acetabular component screw fixation, retractor tip pressure or extruding bone cement, the incidence of deep femoral vessel injuries in operative fixation of proximal femoral fractures is comparatively seldom described. We report on two patients with per- and subtrochanteric femoral fractures who sustained injuries of deep femoral artery branches during the implantation of a dynamic hip screw (DHS) and a dynamic condylar screw (DCS), which resulted in a massive thigh hematoma and a fist-size pseudoaneurysm respectively and necessitated surgical intervention in either case. We blame these vascular injuries on the pressure of Hohmann retractors exposing the femoral bone or on the drilling of boreholes for plate attachment. After discussing various operative procedures, we conclude that intramedullar implants are safer than plates with regard to potential vascular complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Ultrasound criteria of gallstone ileus].

During a 4-year period we treated four patients with gallstone ileus by enterotomy and extraction of the impacted concrement. Diagnosis was quickly established by abdominal ultrasound examination in all cases. Lacking visibility of the gallbladder in the clinical setting of ileus and subileus proved to be a sonographic clue of gallstone ileus and prompted a thorough search for the obturating gallstone which could definitely be demonstrated as an intraluminal semicircular reflex with strong echos and a sonic shadow in all patients. Thus, due to early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention, even in the absence of full-blown ileus, all of our elderly patients and those with a multitude of diseases still had a favorable outcome.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1995

[Hepatic echinococcosis with gallstones of the echinococcal cavity].

HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 65-year-old woman was hospitalized with suspected cholelithiasis. The only contributory item in the history was jaundice of uncertain cause 15 years previously. Physical examination elicited pain in the right upper abdomen on deep palpation. INVESTIGATIONS: Alkaline phosphatase and gamma-GT activities were raised (324 and 407 U/ml, respectively). Ultrasound revealed cholecystolithiasis; the bile duct was 5 mm in diameter. Intravenous contrast-medium cholangiography showed choledocholithiasis and circular flat calcification in the bifurcation of the hepatic duct. Computed tomography revealed this structure to be a space-occupying mass (10 x 6 x 5 cm), with a calcified border (density of 27 Hounsfield units), raising the suspicion of a blood-containing hydatid cyst. Additionally there were two calculi in the left hepatic duct. But the echinococcus test (by indirect haemagglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) was negative. TREATMENT AND COURSE: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) with papillotomy was performed and two choledochal concrements removed. Concrements within the mass were also visualized. Obstructive jaundice developed 3 days after the ERC and a laparotomy was performed. Excision of the hydatid was not possible because the stone-filled hydatid cavity could not be punctured. Choledochal exploration discovered membranes which histologically were chitin-like structures and corresponded to scolices. Under chemical litholysis the hydatid became smaller. In addition, albendazole was given in two four-week cycles (400 mg twice daily). The patient quickly recovered and 5 months later was symptom-free.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Arterial steal: an unusual cause for hepatic hypoperfusion after liver transplantation.

Case reports of two patients with an unusual cause for a rapid increase in transaminases following liver transplantation are described. In the postoperative course, angiography revealed an arterial hypoperfusion of the liver due to a steal phenomenon with blood shunting from the hepatic to the splenic artery. In one case, the underlying pathophysiology was a pre-existing filiform stenosis of the celiac trunk with insufficient recruitment of arterial blood from the superior mesenteric artery via the pancreatic arcade. Adequate liver perfusion was restored by simple ligation of the common hepatic artery. In the other case, angiography showed an arteriovenous fistula formation of the splenic vessels and minimal blood flow through the hepatic vessels. This was successfully corrected by angiographic embolization of the splenic artery with metal coils. After therapeutic intervention, both patients rapidly recovered with excellent liver function.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Rapid increase in the activity of enzymes of eicosanoid synthesis in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues after experimental liver transplantation.

Previous studies have demonstrated a marked release of prostanoids from hepatic tissue after liver grafting. In addition, eicosanoid synthesis was shown to be regulated at the level of key enzymes. The present study addressed changes of the local availability of these enzymes during and after porcine orthotopic liver transplantation. We determined kinetic parameters of cyclooxygenase (CO), the initial enzyme of prostaglandin synthesis, of prostacyclin and thromboxane synthase (PCS, TXS), two more peripheral enzymes, in microsomal preparations of hepatic and gluteal muscle biopsies, and the activity of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), the key enzyme of leukotriene synthesis. Maximal velocity (Vmax) of CO and PCS showed a 4-fold increase both in liver and gluteal muscle tissue 1 hr after reperfusion of the grafted liver and a more than 20-fold increase after 24 hr (P less than 0.001), whereas apparent affinities (Km) remained unchanged. In contrast, Vmax of TXS and the activity of 5-LO disclosed a striking increase only within the hepatic graft (P less than 0.001). No changes of enzymatic activity could be observed during donor operation, cold storage, and 5 min after reperfusion. Results were independent of the duration of preservation (3 hr and 20 hr with Euro-Collins) and the addition of Iloprost, a prostacyclin-analogue. These results suggest that after liver grafting, abnormalities at the level of local enzyme expression in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues might contribute to preservation damage and systemic injury of the host.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1990

[Improved intraoperative leak control in cytostatic drug isolation perfusion of tumors of the extremities].

The success of extremity perfusion and the protection from systemic side effects largely depend upon the prevention of systemic drug leakage from the extremity circulation. The use of autologous 111-Indium labelled erythrocytes for leakage control allows a continuous exact surveillance and timely correction of the tourniquet position in case a major leak should occur. A total of 97 patients were studied. In 6 patients (= 6%) the perfusion had to be discontinued within the first 30 min due to an uncorrectable leak of greater than 20%. In 31 patients (= 32%), a major leak could be reduced by manipulation of the tourniquet. No systemic side-effects could be observed in any of our patients. Applying leakage control by means of 111-Indium labelled erythrocytes extremity perfusion has proved to be a safe procedure in patients with high risk or recurrent malignant melanoma and soft tissue sarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Prostanoid release in experimental liver transplantation.

Prostanoids are biologically active mediators of inflammation and tissue injury. To investigate the role of prostanoids in orthotopic liver transplantation we used a porcine model and determined prostaglandin E2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, and thromboxane B2 in arterial, portal, and hepatic venous blood during organ harvesting, the recipient operation, and the early postoperative period. There were no significantly increased serum levels during the donor operation or at the end of cold storage. As early as 1 or 5 min after initiation of reperfusion of the transplanted organ, prostanoids in hepatovenous blood increased dramatically (100-500-fold). Changes in arterial and portal blood (10-50-fold) were less pronounced but still statistically significant. In surviving animals these values returned to normal within 24 hr. The hepatic release of metabolites of the arachidonic acid cascade after liver grafting indicates that the synthesis of prostanoids might contribute to morphological and functional alterations of the transplanted graft. In addition, the increased arterial values of circulating prostanoids may potentially participate in severe cardiovascular, hemostatic, and immunological alterations known to occur after liver transplantation.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of preservation damage after porcine liver transplantation by assessment of hepatic microcirculation.

The ischemic damage following liver transplantation (LTX) is predominantly located at the endothelial cell level and is a major cause for a disturbance of microcirculation. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that changes in the quality of organ preservation are correlated with changes in microcirculation: 16 pigs underwent LTX, preservation by Bretschneider's HTK-solution (Histidin, Tryptophan, alpha-Ketoglutarat) complemented by indomethacin (50 mumol/L). Cold ischemia times were 9 hr (n = 8) and 18 hr (n = 8), respectively. Using the H2-clearance technique, hepatic microcirculation was measured before, 30 min, and 20 hr after LTX. Normal tissue perfusion was 107 +/- 16 ml/100 g/min, at 30 min posttransplantation 91 +/- 13 ml/100 g/min in the short-term and 48 +/- 7 ml/100 g/min in the long-term preservation group. Whereas no animal of the long-term preservation group survived longer than 8 hr, all animals of the short-term preservation group survived, and tissue perfusion could be measured 20 hr postoperatively (101 +/- 19 ml/100 g/min). At 30 min postoperatively, all surviving animals had tissue perfusion rates greater than 70, and all nonsurvivors had values below 60 ml/100 g/min. We conclude therefore that the extent of decrease of microcirculation after LTX may be a useful predictor of organ function and survival.

Alanine Transaminase↗