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M Marie-Cardine

Publications and source records attributed to M Marie-Cardine.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Relationship between symptoms rated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and brain measures in schizophrenia.

The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to rate clinical symptoms in 42 inpatients with schizophrenia before they were examined by computed tomography. Significantly higher mean size of lateral and third ventricles, and higher mean cortical atrophy were found in schizophrenic patients compared with healthy control subjects. Ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy were significantly related to low scores on the Composite subscale of the PANSS. Positive correlations were observed mainly with negative items such as blunted affect, emotional withdrawal, difficulties in abstract thinking, passive-apathetic social withdrawal, and lack of spontaneity of conversation. Additional positive correlations were observed with two items from the General Psychopathology subscale (mannerisms and disorientation). Inverse correlations were found with most positive items. These results suggest a relationship between brain structural abnormalities and the symptomatology of schizophrenia recorded with PANSS.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of P 300 in schizophrenia. Some reflexions on methodological difficulties].

We underscore the methodological difficulties in studying cognitive evoked potentials in schizophrenic patients. The main difficulties of such a study include the interruption of medication, the need of cooperation and immobility of subjects during the recordings, as well as of a correct patient-control matching for motivation, intellectual quotient, social and cultural levels. To establish correlations between clinical symptomatology and P 300 amplitude and latency we used both the DSM III-R and clinical rating scales. Clinical and electrophysiological testing must be performed the same day and have an excellent interrater agreement. Otherwise correlations are not reliable. Use of small patient samples is one major drawback which prevents to draw definitive conclusions. These difficulties usually unsaid are inherent to research in biological psychiatry and may partially explain the heterogeneity of results in the literature.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[X-ray computed tomographic abnormalities in schizophrenia. Trial of relationship with clinical data].

Computerized tomography (CT-scan) studies in schizophrenia revealed that some patients have neuromorphological abnormalities. The structural changes consist mainly in lateral and third ventricle enlargement, and in cortical atrophy. The present study evaluates these three changes in 42 schizophrenics aged 18 to 50, compared to 24 healthy controls. Diagnosis were established from information gathered by personal interview with the SADS-LA. Clinical sub-types were evaluated according to the DSM III-R criteria. Moreover, detailed symptoms were rated according to the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). CT scans were recorded in floppy disks and blindly analyzed. Schizophrenics shown significant higher mean size of lateral and third ventricles, and higher mean anterior cortical atrophy than healthy subjects. Significant differences were also found between subtypes, with more marked abnormalities in the disorganized group. The relationship between brain abnormalities and clinical symptoms recorded with the PANSS, were analysed using Pearson correlates. Positive correlations concerned mainly negative symptoms like blunted affect, emotional withdrawal, difficulties in abstract thinking, passive apathetic social withdrawal and lack of spontaneity of conversation. Positive correlations are also observed with some symptoms classified with the PANSS in the General Psychopathology scale such as mannerism and disorientation. Negative correlation concerned most of PANSS positive symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuroleptics, schizophrenia and pregnancy. Epidemiological and teratologic study].

We collected, in a French postal study, data about psychotropic medications during pregnancy and neonatal health of new-borns, among 199 children born from schizophrenic mothers between 1984 and 1989. We distinguished four periods of exposition for each pregnancy: exclusive teratogenicity-period or "first trimester" (T1), "second trimester" (T2), third trimester from the date of fetal viability until birth (T3), and effective last month of pregnancy (M9). All the new-born were counted as exposed/or not, for each period and each medication. The main statistical test is the estimation of confidence variation of the odd ratio (p less than 0.05). No augmentation of malformation is noted in the whole sample, with 2.5% of malformed children. But a risk of malformation is discussed with neuroleptics--especially with haloperidol--without being positively asserted: indeed, we observed 4 malformations among the 89 children exposed to at least one neuroleptic during T1, and 3 malformed among the 29 exposed to haloperidol. The rate of prematurity seems to be higher than--expected--12.3% in the sample, against 5.6% in INSEE-data. However, the most remarkable point concerning this study consists in a lack of relation--in our sample--between the risks of prematurity and vital perinatal danger on the one hand, and psychotropic treatments on the other hand. In another study, based on the two French records of malformed children, we find no correlation between the prescription of different neuroleptics, and the type of recorded malformations, among 246 malformed children born from mothers exposed to at least one neuroleptic during the first trimester of pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Seasons of birth and psychiatry. A retrospective inpatients study].

UNLABELLED: Births of schizophrenics tend to occur more often than expected during the first months of the year. This phenomenon has been repeatedly demonstrated in large samples of patients, but data from France are not yet available. METHOD. Medical records of 2,215 inpatients born in France, have been studied with DSM III-R. Admissions were unduplicated. Inpatient population is described table I. The 230 schizophrenic patients were also classified into three groups according with family history for psychotic diseases (Positive, Negative and Unknown). The year was divided in quarters, but also in two climatic half-years (Cold and Warm). Two different populations were used as controls: first, the live births data in France collected by the INSEE; and second, the 1726 non psychotic inpatients hospitalised in the same unit as the psychotics, during the same period. RESULTS. The season of birth effect can be demonstrated from our sample. When the whole schizophrenic group is compared to the INSEE data, a significant excess of births is found for the winter quarter (p less than .04) and for the cold half-year (p less than .01). In the DSM III-R disorganized patients the seasonal variation becomes significant at a level of p less than .001. The other subtypes of schizophrenia do not show significant seasonal variations (table II). The pattern of birth of the other DSM III-R diagnoses, does not significantly differ from INSEE control data (table III). Schizophrenic patients without psychiatrically ill relatives show a slight, non significant excess of births in winter which become significant for the cold half-year (p less than .03). Subjects with possible family history do not show any trend suggesting a seasonal effect (table IV). DISCUSSION. Few reports include an entire inpatient population as we have done. Such data in our study offers an element of useful comparison with the schizophrenics. Clinic data: Most of seasonal studies have used ICD-8, ICD-9 or Tsuang and Winokur criteria, to compare only paranoid and non paranoid subjects, and some of them found a very small excess of paranoid births in winter. The discrepancies between these studies and ours, can reflect both variability among environmental factors and variability in the diagnostic criteria. CONTROL DATA: Most of the subjects were born between 1920 and 1960. All live births in France for the same years could be used as controls, but unfortunately INSEE data were not available by months or quarters before 1949. But since in western and southern European general population, the season of birth appears to be relatively uniform and stable over time, it seemed possible to use the posterior INSEE data to compare with our anterior inpatients data. Familial data: We found a birth excess in the cold season, only for schizophrenics without any family history. This finding is consistent with various other reports. CONCLUSION. In conclusion, our findings are consistent with the suggestion that the season of birth is important in the aetiology of the disorganized subgroup of schizophrenic aetiology of the disorganized subgroups of schizophrenic patients. Moreover, the excess of winter births is only observed in the "negative family history" group.

Adolescent↗