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Biomedical subjects

M Markiewicz

Publications and source records attributed to M Markiewicz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Liquid flow across the epithelium of the artificially perfused lung of fetal and postnatal sheep.

1. The lungs of five fetal (133-140 days gestation) and thirty-four postnatal (2-240 days) sheep were artificially perfused in situ with warmed and oxygenated sheep blood. In postnatal animals the airspace of the lung was filled with liquid similar in composition to fetal lung liquid. In fetal and postnatal animals luminal liquid volume was measured by the impermeant tracer technique. 2. Under resting conditions the pulmonary epithelium of fetal animals secreted liquid at a mean (+/- S.E.M.) rate of 2.0 (+/- 0.4) ml (kg body weight)-1 h-1, those of postnantal animals absorbed liquid at -1.8 (+/- 0.2) ml (kg body weight)-1 h-1. 3. Addition of 2,4-dinitrophenol to achieve a concentration of 1.5 x 10(-3) M in the perfusing blood in postnatal animals caused complete cessation of liquid absorption. 4. Light and electron microscopic examination of the lung after periods of up to 6 h of artificial perfusion showed no evidence of epithelial damage. From 3 h onwards, liquid accumulation was evident in the perivascular spaces. 5. Addition of adrenaline to the perfusate in fetal animals caused absorption of liquid to occur at a mean rate of -2.9 (+/- 1.3) ml (kg body weight)-1 h-1. In postnatal animals adrenaline caused the rate of liquid absorption to increase from a mean rate of -1.4 (+/- 0.2) to -2.2 (+/- 0.3) ml (kg body weight)-1 h-1. 6. In the fetus addition of amiloride (0.8 x 10(-4) M) to the luminal fluid blocked adrenaline-induced liquid absorption and caused secretion to occur at 1.3 (+/- 0.3) ml (kg body weight)-1 h-1. 7. In postnatal animals the response to amiloride was age dependent. In newborn lambs (2-14 days) amiloride blocked liquid absorption and caused secretion of liquid to occur in seven out of eight animals at a mean rate of 0.9 (+/- 0.3) ml (kg body weight)-1 h-1 (n = 8). In older animals (15-240 days) the characteristic response to amiloride was slowing of the rate of liquid absorption (mean rate of absorption,-0.2 (+/- 0.09) ml (kg body weight)-1 h-1, n = 18) with liquid secretion being seen in only three of eighteen animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1992

[Aneurysms in acute myocardial infarction (multicenter studies)].

The authors present outcomes concerning frequency of appearance and clinical course of aneurysms after acute myocardial infarction. The study population consisted of 730 patients (mean age 54 +/- 9 years) with acute myocardial infarction, including 579 men and 151 women. The diagnosis was based on the following criteria: 1) coronary artery disease history, 2) physical examination, 3) ECG, 4) 2-dimensional echocardiography, 5) biochemical data. Post-infarction aneurysm was revealed in 42 patients (5.8%, 33 men and 9 women); antero-lateral aneurysm--in 36 patients (85.7%), and inferior-posterior aneurysm--in 6 patients (14.3%). Ventricular arrhythmias in the first day of infarction had a high frequency in both groups; with aneurysm--92.9%, without aneurysm--82.2%. The frequency of arrhythmia in 21-st day of infarction decreased similarly in both groups with aneurysm--40.5%, without aneurysm--38.9%. There was no statistically significant difference among both groups. There was no correlation between localisation of aneurysms and degree of contractility disturbances of the heart muscle (dyskinesis, akinesis). Heart failure--class III and IVK (Killip-Kimball classification) occurred in 19.0% of patients with aneurysm and in 10.4% of patients without aneurysm. That was no essential correlation between localisation of aneurysms and advancement of the heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Overt and latent restlessness and the awareness of the meaning of life in patients with valvular heart disease].

By means of R. B. Cattell Self-Knowledge Sheet and Crumbough and Miholick Scale of the Awareness of the Meaning of Life, 25 patients were examined, prepared for surgical correction of valvular heart disease. By means of R.B. Cattell Self-Knowledge Sheet a group was isolated of patients showing high overt restlessness (OR) and high latent restlessness (LR). It was shown that the personalities of these two groups of patients demonstrated numerous common features, but very significant differences also existed. The patients with high latent restlessness (LR) demonstrated strong emotional tension caused by frustration, feeling of inferiority with low self-estimation, as well as many conflicts at super ego level, but they had strong defensive mechanisms of own personality. The patients with high overt restlessness (OR) revealed high degree of intensification of the feeling of isolation, loneliness, and existential emptiness resulting from the lost feeling of the meaning of further existence with the progress of disease. The results of our studies are guidelines for the choice of psychotherapeutic management of patients qualified for operation of valvular heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Use of the preparation Iso Mack Retard 60 mg I 120 mg in the treatment of patients with advanced ischemic heart disease].

The purpose of the study was an evaluation of the effectiveness of the preparation ISO MACK RETARD in capsules of 60 mg and 120 mg in patients with advanced exacerbated ischaemic heart disease. The study included 72 patients, in 61 (84.7%) of them very good result treatment, estimated subjectively, was achieved. ISO MACK RETARD in capsules of 60 and 120 mg was well tolerated; in the studied group no side effects were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of lovastatin on platelet function in hypercholesterolemic patients].

18 patients were studied with primary hypercholesterolemia (type II according to Fredricksen) and fasting cholesterol level during low fat diet above 250 mg/dl. Blood samples were taken: I--before lovastatin administration on diet, II--after 4 weeks administration of 20 mg, III--after 4 weeks of 80 mg and IV--4 weeks after the drug discontinued. The following tests were performed: platelets aggregation induced by ADP and adrenaline, PF3 and PF4, platelet MDA, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Before treatment patients showed significant platelets hyperaggregation and MDA concentration comparing to the control group. During the drug administration significant lowering of platelets MDA concentration, was observed small but significant HDL cholesterol level increase which correlated with platelet MDA concentration. Availability of PF3 and release of PF4 did not change during study.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of hydrochlorothiazide on various components of the kinin system and plasma renin activity in patients with arterial hypertension treated with captopril].

Combined hypertension treatment with inhibitors of the converting enzyme (ICE) and diuretocs gives manifold advantages, the most important of them is a synergistic action of both drugs resulting in blood pressure decrease and prevention of hypokaliaemia. The purpose of the present study was assessment of the effect of hydrochlorothiazide in 50 mg daily doses on blood levels of kininogen and prekallikrein and on plasma renin activity (PRA) in hypertensive patients treated during captopril 150 mg daily alone during 3 weeks, without success. The study was carried out on 15 patients with essential hypertension stage III after WHO. A control group comprised 18 healthy subjects. The determinations were done three time: before treatment, after 3 weeks on captopril, and after 2 weeks of combined treatment with captopril and hydrochlorothiazide. It was found combined treatment with captopril and hydrochlorothiazide produced blood pressure normalization in patients insufficiently responding to captopril alone. During the combined treatment normalization of blood pressure was associated with a higher fall of kininogen concentration, higher rise of prekallikrein and PRA in relation to the values obtained with captopril alone. This evidenced a more pronounced reaction of the kinin system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to the combined treatment as compared with the response of both systems to captopril alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Epidemiological analysis of the correlations between selected individual characteristics of patients with primary arterial hypertension].

The purpose of the study was to find the correlations and to evaluate their strength between the progression of hypertension and age, sex, time between the diagnosis of hypertension and the beginning of treatment, body weight and other characteristics. The study was carried out in the population of patients treated in the Cardiology Department, Medical Academy in Lublin in the period 1981-1984. The computer-assisted analysis of the obtained material was carried out in the Department of Epidemiology, Medical Academy in Lublin. The studied population comprised 320 patients with essential hypertension. In the statistical analysis the chi square test was applied for finding of statistically significant correlations and Pearson test was used for estimation of correlation strength. Statistically significant correlations were obtained between the progression of hypertension and age, sex, time between hypertension diagnosis and present treatment and body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of delayed-action propranolol in the treatment of arterial hypertension].

The reported study was carried out in 25 patients aged 21 to 58 years with essential hypertension in second stage of WHO classification. During three months in 10-day courses they were given alternately 1 placebo tablet or 160 mg propranolol retard in one dose daily. The values of the heart rate and blood pressure were compared before and after the treatment. A significant decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate was noted. The comparison of blood pressure and heart rate values after 10 days on propranolol with those before the treatment showed a statistically significant reduction of these parameters. This is an evidence that the hypotensive action of propranolol retard develops already during 10 days of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of physical exercise on aortic blood flow in patients with primary arterial hypertension].

In 40 patients (30 men and 10 women) aged to 21 to 48 years (mean 42 years) with essential hypertension stage II, according to WHO classification, blood flow was recorder in the ascending aorta by Doppler echocardiography. The investigation was done in erect position, at rest, and during 30 seconds of each phase of exercise on moving track. The control group comprised 20 healthy males aged 23-45 years (mean 38 years). In essential hypertension the values of the heart rate (T), maximal (MAX-V) and mean (ME-V) flow velocity, and systolic volume index (SVI) were significantly higher at rest than in controls. In the 3rd minute of exercise the values of heart rate (T), mean flow acceleration (ACC) and minute volume index (COI) were significantly higher in the patients than in controls. At the peak exercise MAX-V, ME-V and COI were significantly lower than in controls. On the other hand, in the 5th minute after the exercise the values of all the analysed blood flow parametres in the aorta were significantly higher in the patients. After the exercise the fall of the integral flow (INTG) and SVI greater in controls than in patients, while the rise of the mean flow acceleration (ACC) was higher in hypertension than in health.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Heart rupture].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Development of the lung liquid reabsorptive mechanism in fetal sheep: synergism of triiodothyronine and hydrocortisone.

1. Thyroidectomy was performed on twelve fetal sheep between 111 and 115 days gestation. Measurement of fetal lung liquid secretion and absorption rates (Jv) were made at rest and during short (45 min) and long (5 h) infusions of adrenaline (0.5 micrograms/min) in a total of thirty-seven experiments, some in the absence of triiodothyronine (T3) and hydrocortisone and some at set times after the administration of the two hormones. 2. T3 was given either as an I.V. infusion (60 micrograms/24 h) or as a bolus of 30 micrograms; hydrocortisone was given as an infusion of 10 mg/24 h. Both hormones were administered together. 3. Before T3 and hydrocortisone were given short infusions of adrenaline had no effect on Jv but 4 h after exposure to the hormones secretion rate was reduced to near zero (Jv = -0.5 +/- 1.6 ml/h, n = 4) by adrenaline; after 24 h of hormone exposure, absorption of fetal lung liquid was produced by adrenaline (Jv = -3.6 +/- 2.2 ml/h, n = 4) which was even greater after 72 h, (Jv = -11.2 +/- 2.2 ml/h, n = 4). 4. During long infusions of adrenaline when T3 and hydrocortisone were given at the start of the experiment, an effect on lung liquid secretion was evident at 2 h and absorption was produced at 4 h (Jv = -4.2 +/- 2.5 ml/h, n = 3). The effect was significantly different from control long infusions of adrenaline performed the previous day in the absence of hormones. 5. After 24 or 48 h of stopping T3 and hydrocortisone administration, adrenaline no longer produced absorption of lung liquid, indicating that the effect of the two hormones was reversible within 24-48 h. 6. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide put into lung liquid (4 x 10(-5) to 3 x 10(-4) M) blunted the effect of the hormones at 4 h and prevented absorption of lung liquid at 24 h. Jv during adrenaline was -3.6 +/- 1.5 ml/h in control experiments but was +3.3 +/- 0.9 ml/h after cycloheximide, n = 4, P < 0.01. This indicated that the two hormones produced their effect through protein synthesis.

Absorption↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of verapamil and propranolol on the left-ventricular diastolic function in patients with primary arterial hypertension].

Mitral flow was assessed by Doppler echocardiography in patients with systemic hypertension. The study was carried out on 40 patients (27 men and 13 women) aged 24-50 years, mean 43 years with essential hypertension stage II according to WHO classification. No patient had other heart disease or diabetes. All patients were randomly assigned to verapamil (20 patients) or propranolol (20 patients). The daily dose of verapamil was 60-120 mg, mean 80 mg and propranolol 120-180 mg, mean 140 mg. Pulsed Doppler studies in all patients were performed before the treatment and after 4-6 weeks of the treatment. Echocardiographic examination was performed with Hewlett-Packard 707020 A ultrasound system using 2.5 MHz transducer. Two dimensionally guided pulsed Doppler echocardiograms were recorded with sample volume positioned in the inflow area below the mitral annulus. The following Doppler parameters were measured: early diastolic flow velocity (EDF), late diastolic flow velocity (LDF) and their ratio (EDF/LDF) which represents the ratio of early and late diastolic flow velocity of left ventricular filling. The study has showed that before treatment the value of EDF, LDF and EDF/LDF ratio in both groups did not significantly differ. Heart rate and arterial pressure in patients with systemic hypertension after treatment with verapamil or propranolol were significant lower than before treatment. Treatment with verapamil caused significant increase of EDF from 61.2 to 78.2 cm/sek and increase EDF/LDF ratio from 1.02 to 1.30. While LDF values were not changed. In the group of patients treated with propranolol the values of EDF, LDF and ratio EDF/LDF were similar to those before treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Arrhythmias during automobile driving in patients after acute myocardial infarction].

In 90 patients after acute whole-thickness myocardial infarction suffered 3-48 months earlier 24-hour ECG recording was done for assessment of arrhythmias occurring while they were driving cars and for their comparison with the remaining recording hours. In most patients driving cars episodes of sinus tachycardia even up to 130/min were noted, in about half the patients some increase occurred in the frequency of ventricular ectopic beats, in two patients double and in one patient triple ectopic beats (salvoes) appeared, although they had not been recorded when the patients were not driving cars. The study was carried out (and is still continued) in autumn-winter, when the conditions of car driving were worse. None of the patients was in a collision-threatening situation which could increase dangerous arrhythmias.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Arrhythmia in patients on dialysis treatment for chronic renal failure].

In 6 patients treated with repeated peritoneal dialyses 48-hour ECG monitoring was carried out. In no patient significant heart rhythm disturbances were demonstrated during the dialysis and 24 hours after its completion. On the ground of pathological results of Valsalva's manoeuvre function disturbances of the autonomic nervous system were disclosed but these showed no correlation with premature ventricular and supraventricular++ ectopic beats appearing periodically in some patients. The study showed that under conditions of sufficient control of electrolyte balance (especially potassium) the patients treated with peritoneal dialyses are not a group at risk for arrhythmia development.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Synergistic action of triiodothyronine and hydrocortisone on epinephrine-induced reabsorption of fetal lung liquid.

The influence of triiodothyronine and hydrocortisone on maturation of the response to epinephrine that leads to reabsorption of lung liquid was investigated in nine chronically catheterized fetal sheep. Experiments were performed on thyroidectomized fetal sheep at 116-120 d gestation, well before the reabsorptive response to epinephrine is normally seen. After i.v. administration of either triiodothyronine (60 micrograms/d) or hydrocortisone (10 mg/d) for 3 d (three fetuses in each case), all fetuses continued to secrete lung liquid during exposure to epinephrine (secretion rate = 5.9 +/- 3.2 mL/h in triiodothyronine-treated and 4.4 +/- 1.9 mL/h in hydrocortisone-treated fetuses). However, when the two hormones were administered together in the same doses to three fetuses, a striking reabsorptive response to epinephrine was seen (absorption rate = -12.3 +/- 3.6 mL/h), similar to that observed in the mature fetus. Induction of this capacity to reabsorb lung liquid may be of importance in the management of respiratory problems of the newborn infant.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

[Beclobrate (Turec) in the treatment of primary hyperlipoproteinemia. II. Results of the treatment in relation to the type of hyperlipoproteinemia].

After three months of beclobrate treatment (100 mg once daily) of 63 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) significant decrease of total cholesterol concentration was found in type IIa by 12.9%, IIb by 23.7%, IV by 20.8%. LDL cholesterol concentration decreased in type IIa by 15.4%, IIb by 8.3%, in type IV non significant increase of LDL cholesterol by 21.6% was observed. Decrease of initial triglyceride level in type IIa by 36.1%, IIb by 41.2%, in type IV by 56.6% was found. HDL-cholesterol concentration increased in all examined HLP types in IIa by 19.5%, IIb by 19.3%, IV by 14.5%. Also initial apolipoprotein A1 and A2 levels increased in all HLP types examined, namely in type IIa respectively by 21.2% and 12.4%, IIb by 25.1% and 11.0%, in type IV by 23.6% and 34.9%. Serum apolipoprotein B concentration decreased significantly in type IIa by 20.5%, IIb by 28.4%, however in type IV a slight increase of apoprotein B level was observed. Comparison of HLP types response to beclobrate treatment revealed that the HLP types examined are significantly different in change size of LDL cholesterol concentration, triglyceride concentration and apoprotein B concentration after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Value of Doppler echocardiography in evaluating pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with mitral valve defect].

In 40 patients aged 25-52 years (mean 36 years) with mitral valve disease but without overt circulatory failure haemodynamic studies and echocardiographic examinations were carried out recording the blood flow in the pulmonary artery and the blood flow through the tricuspid valve by pulsating and continuous-wave methods. From the obtained curves the time was calculated from the beginning of the flow to its maximum (TPV), the pre-ejection time (RPEP) and the right-ventricular ejection time (RVET), and the indices TPV/RVET and RPEP/RVET. Moreover, in 14 patients with coexistent insufficiency of the tricuspid valve the systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery was calculated by determining the systolic gradient across the tricuspid valve. On the basis of the results of haemodynamic examination the patients were divided into two groups: with normal (24 patients) and with raised (16 patients) pressure in the pulmonary artery. In the group of mitral valve disease and pulmonary hypertension a significantly shorter TPV, lower values of the TPV/RVET index and greater values of the RPEP/RVET index were found as compared with the patients with mitral disease and normal value of the systolic arterial pressure in the pulmonary artery. The systolic arterial pressure in the pulmonary artery determined on the basis of Doppler echocardiography with measurement of the regurgitation wave in tricuspid valve insufficiency showed a high agreement (r = 0.94) with the pressure recorded during cardiac catheterization.

Adult↗