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Biomedical subjects

M Markovic

Publications and source records attributed to M Markovic.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Hypodontia in twins.

Plaster study models and intraoral and extraoral radiographs of 165 twin pairs (99 mono and 66 dizygotic) were used to investigate: 1. the frequency of hypodontia of permanent teeth in twins, 2. the concordance-discordance rate of hypodontia in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, 3. the empirical risk of hypodontia occurring in twins. Out of 165 sets of twins, 14 (9 mono and 5 dizygotic) or 8.5% (5.5% monozygotic and 3.0% dizygotic) had hypodontia. This was within the frequency range of the general population (from 2.3% to 9.6%). Second maxillary incisors were the teeth most frequently absent or hypoplastic (peg-shaped). This was found in 5 monozygotic and 3 dizygotic sets of twins. It was followed by agenesis of the lower second premolars (in 5 pairs). Hypodontia of the remaining teeth was a rare finding. One member of a monozygotic pair showed agenesis of the left maxillary canine and the other agenesis of the right (a mirror-image similarity). The simultaneous appearance of missing teeth (hypodontia) and supernumerary teeth was found in two pairs of twins (1 monozygotic and 1 dizygotic). Monozygotic twins showed a significantly higher concordance rate for hypodontia than did the dizygotic. Out of 9 monozygotic pairs, 8 (88.9%) were concordant and only one pair discordant for the trait. On the other hand, all 5 dizygotic pairs were discordant for hypodontia. This suggests a high genetic component in the trait. Calculating the risk of hypodontia appearing in twins on the basis of the 14 pairs (both monozygotic and dizygotic) considered here showed that if one member of a pair of twins is affected by hypodontia, the risk of the other twin having the same abnormality increases to 57%. However, if one of a pair of monozygotic twins has the trait, the risk that the other will also have it is increased to 89%. Should however the pair be dizygotic, the risk of the other being affected is reduced to zero.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Twins with clefts.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Remineralization effect of a low-concentration fluoride rinse in an intraoral model.

A previous study showed that a sodium hexafluorosilicate-calcium chloride-based two-solution fluoride (F) rinse containing 6 mmol/l of F was more effective than a 12 mmol/l F sodium fluoride rinse in depositing F on tooth surfaces and increasing oral F levels. The present study compared the remineralization effects of these two rinses in an intraoral de- and remineralization model. The results showed that the 6 mmol/l F two-solution rinse produced greater remineralization in increasing lesion mineral contents and reducing lesion depths. The results demonstrated that the effectiveness of an F regimen depends less on the F dose and more on the ability of the treatment to utilize F efficiently for remineralization.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microbial growth comparisons of five commercial parenteral lipid emulsions.

The ability of parenteral lipid emulsions to support microbial growth was compared using commercially available brands of lipid emulsion. Both 10 and 20% concentrations of soybean and safflower oil emulsions were used. Washed cultures of six gram-negative, three gram-positive, and one yeast, in concentrations of 1 x 10(4) to 2 x 10(4) colony-forming units/ml, were inoculated into lipid emulsion aliquots and stored at room temperature. There were than subcultured at 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr. After 48 hr at 37 degrees C, growth was recorded as colony-forming units/ml. Normalized growth curves were expressed as mean +/- SEM. ANOVA demonstrated no difference in growth patterns due to the nature of the oil or its concentration. Gram-negative organisms multiplied faster when compared to gram-positive (p less than 0.05 at 12 hr, p less than 0.01 at 24 hr, and p less than 0.005 at 48 hr). Yeast grew as well as bacteria. The Center for Disease Control's recommendation of a 12-hr hang time for parenteral lipid emulsions should be observed until correlation of laboratory microbial growth patterns and clinical use are studied further.

Candida albicans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stress-rest myocardial tomoscintigraphy with 99mTc-tetrofosmin in the diagnosis of ischemic disease].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of 1-day stress-rest technetium-99m tetrofosmin myocardial tomography in the identification of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and in the detection of the individual occluded coronary vessels. A total of 42 patients with suspected CAD were studied. Significant coronary narrowing (> or = 50% luminal stenosis) was detected by angiography in 22 patients. All patients received two i.v. injections of 99mTc tetrofosmin, one at peak exercises (370 MBq) and the other (740 MBq) at rest 3 h after exercise (images 15-30 min after injections for both studies). At visual analysis, all patients with CAD (> or = 50% luminal stenosis) (n-22) had an abnormal 99mTc tetrofosmin tomogram. Nine out of 20 patients without significant coronary narrowing (but with tortuosis, atheromathosis, with microvascular diseases) showed abnormal findings. Overall sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in the identification of CAD was 100%, 55%, and 79%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in the identification of individuals with occluded coronary vessels were 100%, 76% and 85%, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that 1-day exercise-rest 99mTc tetrofosmin single-photon emission tomographic imaging (SPET) is a suitable and accurate technique to identify patients with CAD and for detection of individual occluded coronary vessels.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Risk factors for Clamydia infections of the genital organs in adolescent females].

INTRODUCTION: Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections are the most common bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The highest age-specific rates for chlamydia are found in adolescents. Female adolescents are more susceptible to STDs than older women because their cervical anatomic development is incomplete and especially sensitive to infection by certain sexually transmitted pathogens, and for some other features that characterize sexual behavior and health care behavior of the young people. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors and risk indicators statistically associated with the presence of Ct genital infection in adolescent females. METHOD: The study group comprised 300 sexually active 19 years old girls who were attending the Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia in the period from 1995 to 1997. The participants of this study were interviewed about their sexual behavior, health care behavior and their responsibility level in sexual relationships. Physical examination included microbiological and colposcopic findings. Vaginal and cervical microbiological examinations included the analysis of collected specimens for microscopic and culture analyses. Ct infection of the cervix was identified by direct immunofluorescence staining of smears using monoclonal antibodies. Colposcopic findings were divided in two groups: cervical ectopy and other findings. Data were statistically analyzed using step-wise linear regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of Ct genital infection in the study group was 30.3%. Characteristics in adolescent girls with this infection were mostly as follows: first sexual intercourse was before the age of 17, first sexual partner was older, a great number of sexual partners, (more than 3-25.3% vs 20.1%; more than 4-16.5% vs 10.5%), sexual intercourse during casual contact (44.0% vs 34.4%) and high coital frequency (83.5% vs 72.7%). Among these characteristics, only the coital frequency was significantly associated with the probability of chlamydial genital infection (p < 0.05). Statistical findings about the use of contraceptives among the adolescents indicated that the level of safe sexual practice was low in the majority of girls, despite the presence of chlamydial genital infection. Nevertheless, the girls without Ct genital infection more frequently reported the condom as the method of contraception used for the longest adolescence period (41.6%) in comparison with the adolescent females infected by Ct (17.6%). This difference was statistically significantly associated with the possible manifestation of Ct genital infection (p < 0.05). Healthy adolescent females used condom more frequently at the last intercourse (37.3%) than girls with Ct genital infection (18.2%). Adolescent females often experienced only 0-2 methods of contraception (70.3% of girls infected with Ct and 59.8% of healthy girls). Health care behavior was poor in the examined girls. The suspicion of getting a STD was the reason for their first gynaecological examination in 25.3% of adolescent women with Ct genital infection and in 20.6% of healthy girls. Unwanted pregnancy during adolescence reported 16.5% of girls with Ct cervicitis and 15.8% of healthy girls. The existence of STD previous to examination was noted in 7.9% of infected girls and 7.7% of healthy subjects. Drug abuse reported 23.1% of studied adolescent females with Ct genital infection and 23.0% without it. A large proportion of both the adolescent females and their partners had negative attitudes toward the condom use (54.9% of infected girls and 57.1% of their partners; 32.1% of healthy girls and 35.9% of their partners). The difference between the attitudes toward the condom use among infected and healthy adolescent women and their partners was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Clinical findings of cervical ectopy were more frequent in girls infected with Ct (60.4%) in comparison to healthy girls (15.8%). These differences were also statistically significant (p < 0.001). Associated genital infections (vaginal and/or cervical) were more frequent in adolescent women with Ct cervicitis (56.0%) than in healthy girls (36.8%). The observed differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Predictors of Ct genital infection in adolescent women, according to the step-wise linear regression analysis, were as follows: the presence of cervical ectopy, negative attitudes of adolescent girls and their partners toward the condom use; associated genital infections; frequent coitus; experience in causal sexual relations and older age of the first sexual partner. However, the possibility that this criterion provides imprecise identification of uninfected adolescent women and separation of only Ct infected women, is limited. Therefore, screening of the presence of Ct genital infections in all sexually active adolescent women is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

From theory to perioperative practice with Parse.

The operating room nurse today is often thought of as a task skilled, highly technical, process oriented, and efficient member of the operating room team. Too often her/his nursing education and preparation in practice, theory and discipline are overlooked. Perioperative nursing as a specialty is an important, vital factor in the success of the planned surgical intervention. Perioperative nursing practice involves caring for the patient; it is patient-centered rather than task oriented. The RN combines both the physiologic and psychosocial aspects of nursing in delivery of care. This is reflective of the theoretical model used to plan effective nursing care. The RN interacting with the preoperative patient has a focus on being in true presence with the patient (Parse, 1987). The interrelationship sets in motion utilization of theory, reflecting nursing knowledge and practice.

Human Development↗