Biomedical subjects

M Matoulek

Publications and source records attributed to M Matoulek.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

The influence of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and very low calorie diet during a short-term weight reducing regimen on weight loss and serum fatty acid composition in severely obese women.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 series (n-3 PUFA) were shown to increase basal fat oxidation in humans. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of n-3 PUFA added to a very low calorie diet (VLCD), with VLCD only during three-week inpatient weight reduction. Twenty severely obese women were randomly assigned to VLCD with n-3 PUFA or with placebo. Fatty acids in serum lipid fractions were quantified by gas chromatography. Differences between the groups were determined using ANOVA. Higher weight (7.55+/-1.77 vs. 6.07+/-2.16 kg, NS), BMI (2.82+/-0.62 vs. 2.22+/-0.74, p<0.05) and hip circumference losses (4.8+/-1.81 vs. 2.5+/-2.51 cm, p<0.05) were found in the n-3 group as compared to the control group. Significantly higher increase in beta-hydroxybutyrate was found in the n-3 group showing higher ketogenesis and possible higher fatty acid oxidation. The increase in beta-hydroxybutyrate significantly correlated with the increase in serum phospholipid arachidonic acid (20:4n-6; r = 0.91, p<0.001). In the n-3 group significantly higher increase was found in n-3 PUFA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5n-3, docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3) in triglycerides and phospholipids. The significant decrease of palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) and vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) in triglycerides probably reflected lower lipogenesis. A significant negative correlation between BMI change and phospholipid docosahexaenoic acid change was found (r = -0.595, p<0.008). The results suggest that long chain n-3 PUFA enhance weight loss in obese females treated by VLCD. Docosahexaenoate (22:6n-3) seems to be the active component.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗

PubMed2004

[Gastrointestinal tract cancer and diabetes mellitus].

Risk of development of some gastrointestinal tract cancers (colorectal cancer, pancreas cancer and liver cancer) is higher in type II diabetics. Another important risk factor is obesity (for gall bladder cancer in women and in men also for stomach and esophageal cancer). Pathogenetic factors have been explored especially in colorectal cancer (diet, hyperinsulinaemia, metabolic receptors activation, absence of physical activity). Our Czech study also proved up to 4 times increased risk of colorectal cancer in diabetics and, in accordance with literature, probable influence of persistent diabetes on tumour development. Type II diabetes mellitus should be considered as a risk factor especially for colorectal cancer, liver cancer, and pancreas cancer. In type I diabetics no risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers was proved.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗

PubMed2003

Serum ghrelin levels in obese patients: the relationship to serum leptin levels and soluble leptin receptors levels.

Ghrelin is a new endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. It activates the release of growth hormone from the pituitary and it also participates in the regulation of energy homeostasis. The aim of the study was to characterize changes in serum ghrelin levels in obese subjects and their relationship to the serum levels of leptin and soluble leptin receptor. Eight obese patients (6 women and 2 men) with body mass index (BMI) 40.3+/-13.4 kg.m(-2) and eight healthy controls (5 women and 3 men) with BMI 22.7+/-1.3 kg.m(-2) were examined. The ghrelin serum levels (165.0+/-58.1 vs. 343.37+/-81.96; p<0.001) and soluble leptin receptor serum levels (7.25+/-3.44 vs. 21.80+/-4.99; p<0.0001) were significantly lower in obese patients. The leptin serum levels (23.45+/-12.90 vs. 6.41+/-2.96; p<0.005) were significantly higher compared to the lean subject group. In both measured groups the levels of serum leptin significantly positively correlated with BMI. We proved a significantly lower serum ghrelin levels in the group of obese patients in comparison with the control group.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Weight reduction and aspects of the metabolic syndrome].

We carried out analysis of the influence of long-term weight reduction on individual parameters of metabolic syndrome X. We enrolled the total of 30 obese patients (22 with, 8 without syndrome X). During weight reduction, the mean BMI decreased by 4.08 +/- 3.00 kg/m2 leading to significant (p < 0.001) decrease in insulinaemia from 33.4 +/- 25.9 to 21.2 +/- 19.625 mu j/ml. In patients with syndrome X, the decrease in BMI of 3.50 +/- 2.76 kg/m2 was coupled with significant (p < 0.001) decrease in insulinaemia from 39.7 +/- 27.7 to 24.0 +/- 21.725 mu j/ml. Using cluster analysis of cases syndrome X patients formed two distinctive groups with different behaviour. It seems, that diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, based on arbitrary criteria, encompasses stable patients, in our study characterized by higher age and presence of hypertension, and volatile patients, who form somewhat transition stage between simple obesity and fully developed syndrome X. Moreover, relationships between individual parameters at the beginning of the study can elucidate the environmental influences (relationship between insulinaemia and hypertension), whereas those at the end of the study represent true pathogenetic relationships (insulinaemia and glycaemia) and relationships between syndrome X constituents (hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia and decrease in HDL cholesterol).

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Derivatives of dehydroepiandrosterone and their changes during a one-day starvation test].

BACKGROUND: Relationship between dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), its sulphate (DHEAS) and various components of metabolic syndrome X have been recently discussed in several papers. Originally only DHEA or DHEAS have been considered to be responsible for all of the effects. At present mainly DHEA hydroxyderivatives (particularly 7-hydroxyisometers) are assumed to be responsible for those effects. METHODS AND RESULTS: 68 obese subjects (28 males) aged 42.6 +/- 11.1 years, with average BMI 35.7 +/- 11.6 kg/m2 were examined. Relationship between 7-alpha and 7-beta-(OH)-DHEA and various components of metabolic syndrome X have been followed in a pilot epidemiological study. Fluctuations of the hydroxyderivates level during one-day starvation test were investigated in a group of 11 obese females and compared with that of the control group (12 lean subjects with BMI 23.1 +/- 2.4 kg/m2). From the view of the metabolic syndrome X, the negative correlation between the serum levels of 7-beta-(OH)-DHEA and insulinemia (r = -0.28; p = 0.23), glycemia (r = -0.48; p < 0.001), serum level of uric acid (r = -0.35; p = 0.02) and opposite the positive correlation between the serum level of HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.42; p < 0.01) should be pointed out. The negative correlation between 7-alpha-(OH)-DHEA and age and BMI was noticed (correlation for 7-beta-(OH)-DHEA was similar). No other statistically significant correlation was found among the other monitored parameters. In 11 obese females the dynamic changes of the above-mentioned DHEA hydroxyderivatives during one-day starvation test were monitored. Changes were compared with the control group (12 lean females). Significant increases in DHEAS, 7-beta-(OH)-DHEA, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were observed during this test. Significant differences in dynamic changes (before and after the test) between obese and lean group have been found only in DHEAS and SHBG. CONCLUSION: We suppose that 7-beta-(OH)-DHEA (more than 7-alpha-(OH)-DHEA) is specifically related to the metabolic syndrome X and that its claimed anti-glucocorticoid effect in the immune response can play some role in its metabolic effects.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Influence of metabolic state and diabetes on the outcome at the end of first year after gastric banding.

BACKGROUND: The influence of metabolic state and the presence of diabetes before surgery on the weight changes following non-adjustable gastric banding, were studied. METHODS: The total of 50 patients referred for gastric banding had the following parameters measured: insulinemia, glycemia, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TAG), dehydroepiandrostendione (DHEA) and its sulphate (DHEA-S), triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyroxine-stimulating hormone. We evaluated 28 of these, who completed at least 6 months of follow-up. 12 of these patients had diet-treated non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 16 were non-diabetics, and 9 of them had a positive family history of NIDDM (FH DM). We compared the change in weight of the diabetics, non-diabetics and those with positive FH DM, at 3, 6 and 12 months after the operation. Multiple linear regression tested the influence of the measured parameters on patients' weight. RESULTS: Weight loss was greatest in the group of patients without a positive family history of diabetes, and lowest in the diabetic group. Due to the high dispersion, differences in the t-test are not significant. When individual factors and their influence on weight development were tested by multiple linear regression, weight loss was greatest in patients with high TAG and low insulin levels and lowest in patients with diabetes or positive FH DM. CONCLUSIONS: Although post-operative weight can be influenced by other factors, eg. psychological ones, it is advisable to test each patient pre-operatively for insulin and TAG levels, and to establish family history of diabetes and presence of diabetes to give an idea of the prognosis of weight change.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Metabolic and hormonal links in obese individuals with and without symptoms of syndrome X].

We carried out statistical analysis of biochemical, anthropometric and anamnestic values at the first contact with 114 patients in the specialized obesity unit. We evaluated metabolic state of different groups varying in the presence of risk factors of atherosclerosis. We disclosed statistically significant differences between those groups, enabling evaluation of the severity of state and early decision on suitability and urgency of treatment.

Arteriosclerosis↗

PubMed2000

[Effect of diabetes in the first year after gastric banding].

Initial hormonal and metabolic investigation was performed in a group o 51 patients (mean age 41 years and body mass index--BMI 45.1 kg/m2) referred to gastric banding for morbid obesity. Patients were followed for one year period after surgery. Using multiple linear regression following parameters influencing BMI change were identified. Negative influence on BMI reduction: high insulin, presence of diabetes, low T3/T4 ratio. Positive influence on BMI reduction high triglycerides level, positive family history of diabetes. It is possible to identify patient's prognosis after gastric banding using metabolic and hormonal investigation. This investigation should be performed in every patient.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Case reports of morbid obesity].

Morbid obesity (BMI over 40 kg/m2) is typically complicated by many serious diseases including early death. Using 7 case studies of morbid obese patients we are documenting severe polymorbidity of these persons including severe manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Using adequate therapy, e.g. gastric banding, risk of these patients can be reduced. Some parts of metabolic syndrome can be documented in adolescent children of these patients. The aim of this study is to show the importance of early intervention in patients with morbid obesity.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Classification of metabolic patients using dynamic variables.

The severity of metabolic syndrome is usually determined according to static variables (blood glucose, insulin level, body mass index etc.) The most important classification is dynamic and prognostic classification which can be used to determine the ability to decrease elevated metabolite and hormone levels or to lose weight. Different mathematical approaches were used to determine these phenomena: 1. Mathematical modelling e.g. (Bergman minimal model or glycation model). 2. Predictive calculations using multiple regression (using static and dynamic parameters to determine weight loss in obesity treatment). 3. One day starvation test (finding very variable hormone and metabolic changes in obese patients). We can conclude There are 3 types of metabolic parameters: A. Static (basic) description, B. Functional (actual) description, C. Dynamic-stability describing variables. Mathematical modelling is a complicated method needing many blood samples. It is very invasive for patients and it is difficult to be repeated. Predictive importance can have also repeated measured metabolic data which are able to classify the stability (fixation) of metabolic state. Some basic parameters and simple dynamic tests like one day starvation test can be used in prognostic classification of patients who are able to change their fixed metabolic state.

Computer Simulation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of short-term fasting on serum leptin levels, and selected hormonal and metabolic parameters in morbidly obese and lean females.

The aim of our study was to compare the changes of serum leptin levels after 24-h fasting in morbidly obese and lean females and to search for hormonal and metabolic factors responsible for the changes in serum leptin levels. Fourteen morbidly obese and twelve lean females were included in the study. The blood for leptin, insulin, cortisol, blood glucose (BG), beta-OH-butyrate (beta-OH), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulphate (DHEA-S) measurements was withdrawn before and after a 24-h fast. Basal body mass index (BMI), serum leptin, insulin and beta-OH levels were significantly higher in the obese compared to the lean group. The 24-h fasting decreased significantly BMI, serum leptin (by 20% in obese vs. 62% in lean subjects), insulin (by 23.3% in obese vs. 23.1% in lean subjects) and increased beta-OH (by 36% in obese vs. 1300% in lean subjects). Basal serum leptin levels correlated positively with BMI in both groups and with insulin levels in the obese group. The multiple regression analysis using delta leptin as dependent and the basal values of the rest of studied parameters as independent variables revealed that in lean subjects serum cortisol together with DHEA-S and BMI accounted for 71% of variations of the change of serum leptin levels (delta leptin = 0.31- 0.0101 cortisol + 0.0012 DHEA-S + 0.37 BMI). In obese subjects the 43.9% of variations of the change of serum leptin levels was explained by BMI together with age and DHEA-S levels (delta leptin = 36.09 + 0.35 BMI - 0.717 age- 0.008 DHEA-S). The drop of serum leptin levels after 24-h starvation is significantly blunted in obese compared to lean subjects. The reason for the difference is probably the insulin resistance possibly further modified by different DHEA-S levels.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗