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Biomedical subjects

M Michowitz

Publications and source records attributed to M Michowitz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Perforation complicating carcinoma of colon.

Eight hundred thirty-six patients with carcinoma of colon and rectum were treated surgically in the Ichilov Medical Center from 1968 to 1975. Forty-five patients (5.38%) suffering from perforative carcinoma were followed up. It was found that the treatment of choice for perforative carcinoma of the descending colon is primary resection without primary anastomosis. In ascending colon perforation the treatment of choice is primary resection with primary anastomosis. Thus aggressive surgical procedures afford the patient the best chance for smoother postoperative course and recovery. In patients surviving the operation, the survival time is not influenced by the type of perforation but by the stage of tumor invasion.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1981

Combined treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma by tumor excision and levan.

A combined treatment modality including surgical excision and daily injections of high molecular levan seemed to be effective against Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL mice. The inhibitory effect of levan on tumor growth in mice treated by resection of the primary tumor was demonstrated as follows: (1) recurrence of primary tumors was less in levan-treated mice compared to untreated animals; (2) metastases were less numerous in the levan-treated animals; (3) levan treatment partly prevented loss in body weight, and (4) it increased the survival rate. Recurrence of primary tumors appeared to be more efficiently inhibited by local levan treatment, while systemic (i.p.) administration was more effective than local treatment in preventing metastases. The mechanism of inhibition of tumor growth was related to accumulation of macrophages around the metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Testicular feminization syndrome.

The testicular feminization syndrome is an uncommon condition with a familial background. The clinical features of a typical case are presented, as well as its management. It is emphasized that these patients and their parents must be treated with the greatest sensitivity when the condition is explained to them.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a long-term follow-up of 41 cases.

From 1946 to 1977, 228 infants were operated on for congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the Tel-Aviv Municipal Medical Center, all by the method of Fredet-Ramstedt. An evaluation was made of the late morbidity in 41 patients, ranging in age from 15 to 30 years. The emphasis is on gastrointestinal diseases and their possible connection to the operation. Twenty-four of 41 patients had gastrointestinal symptoms, including dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pains. X-ray examination of the stomach was performed in 31 patients, in order to examine the structure and function of the stomach. Five patients showed clear signs of ulcer disease, four in the duodenum and one in the stomach. Another five patients showed mild deformation of the duodenal bulb, and two showed signs of gastritis. No correlation was found between the severity of the congenital pyloric stenosis and the presence of later illness or disturbances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Aberrant adrenal tissue in the wall of a hernial sac.

An aberrant adrenal, which is a supplementary to the normal adrenal, was found in the apex of hernial sacs in ten out of 350 operated children. This tissue contains adrenal cortex, which tends to atrophy and disappear during childhood, but uncommonly may persist into adult life. Rarely it may secrete abnormally or undergo neoplastic changes. The embryological development is discussed, and the literature briefly reviewed.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1977

The role of acid esterase in the pathogenesis of xanthoma. A histochemical study in rabbits.

Previous studies of our group indicated that two types of cells are involved in the pathogenesis of atheroma. The one type, myocytes, are poor in acid esterase activity, store lipid droplets which they cannot hydrolyze and are transformed into foam cells. The other type, macrophages, are rich in this enzyme activity, can and do hydrolyze the esters with possible healing by fibrosis. In the present study the importance of acid esterase activity in experimental xanthoma in hyperlipidemic rabbits was studied. Perithelial cells of small blood vessels were found to be poor in acid esterase activity and to contain bulky lipid masses. With time, increasing numbers of cells with high enzyme activity were found mainly at a distance from the vessels. These cells, which mostly contained finely emulsified lipids are believed to be macrophages. Thus, in both atheroma and xanthoma, vessel wall cells take a "passive" part in formation of the lesion, while blood borne cells play a role in disposing of the lipid with eventual possibility of healing.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensitivity to thermochemotherapy of AKR lymphoma and B16 melanoma variants of malignancy.

Drug resistance, which so often accompanies tumor progression, has been shown to be related to changes in membrane properties which may result in decreased drug accumulation in the tumor cell. A correlation between sensitivity to thermochemotherapy and degree of malignancy was found in the AKR lymphoma system. Hyperthermia increased adriamycin (ADR) uptake and concomitantly its cytotoxicity to AKR lymphoma cells. Moreover, these effects were more pronounced on a variant of high malignancy (HM) than on a low malignancy (LM) one. Fluorescent microscopy, as well as cytofluorometry, indicated that lymphoma cells treated by ADR at 43 degrees C were more permeable to the cytotoxic agent than those exposed to the chemotherapeutic substance at 37 degrees C. Cytofluorometry indicated the presence of a minor cell subpopulation with low ADR uptake in the HM variant, not found in the LM one. Fluorocytometry also showed that the temperature-dependent increased ADR uptake was more marked in the HM than in the LM variant, explaining the differential effect of thermochemotherapy on the two lymphoma variants. However, correlation between degree of malignancy and sensitivity to thermochemotherapy is not a general feature. In contrast to the results obtained in the AKR lymphoma system, in the B16 melanoma the low malignancy variant, F1, was more markedly affected by the combined treatment than the F10 variant. The increased cytotoxic effect of ADR by supranormal temperatures in the F1 variant was shown to be due to an augmented drug uptake. The results suggest that drug resistance in late stages of tumor progression can be overcome by an agent acting on the cell membrane. However, the data also indicate the necessity of assaying cancer treatment modalities, including those designed to circumvent drug resistance, on various tumor system models.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A model for cancer treatment in advanced compared to early cancer.

Loss of sensitivity to drugs following tumor progression constitutes the main reason for failure of treatment in advanced cancer. In view of the dynamic nature of neoplasms, models of tumor progression should be used for the testing of drugs. In the present study, two variants of malignancy of AKR lymphoma were used as a model of tumor progression to test various treatment modalities. The two variants, TAU-39 (of low-malignancy) and TAU-38 (of high-malignancy) differed in the pattern of local tumor growth as well as in the rate of metastatic spread and mice killing capacity. The efficiency of chemotherapy, immunotherapy and hyperthermia on the two variants was compared. The low-malignancy tumor was more sensitive to adriamycin than the high-malignancy one. Administration of levan-activated macrophages at the tumor site inhibited the growth of TAU-39. However, growth of the high-malignancy variant was stimulated by macrophages. Hyperthermic treatment was, in contrast to the other treatments, more effective against the high - than against the low-malignancy tumor. Models of tumor progression used in tests for antitumoral drugs may help in the discovery of treatment modalities effective also for advanced stages of cancer.

Animals↗