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Biomedical subjects

M Miyawaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyawaki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Plasma angiotensin II concentrations in the early neonatal period.

BACKGROUND: There have been only a few reports on the renin-angiotensin system in low birthweight infants; in particular, plasma angiotensin II concentrations have not been studied. AIM: To investigate plasma angiotensin II concentrations in early neonatal infants including low birthweight infants. METHODS: Forty six patients were studied, of whom 14 weighed not less than 2500 g (normal birth weight), 16 weighed less than 2500 g but not less than 1500 g (moderately low birth weight), and 16 weighed less than 1500 g (very low birth weight). Blood samples were collected twice, on day 0 and day 7. Angiotensin II concentration was assayed using an enzyme immunoassay kit with a microplate. RESULTS: Geometric means of angiotensin II concentrations on day 7 were 19 pg/ml in the normal birthweight group, 28 pg/ml in the moderately low birthweight group, and 76 pg/ml in the very low birthweight group. The concentrations on day 7 in the very low birthweight group were significantly higher than those in the normal birthweight and moderately low birthweight groups (p = 0.005, p = 0.031). There were significant correlations between angiotensin II concentration on day 7 and gestational age (r(s) = -0.4, p = 0.007) and birth weight (r(s) = -0.36, p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Specific physiological conditions associated with a very low birth weight are thought to be responsible for the increased concentration of angiotensin II on day 7. It is necessary to measure angiotensin II concentration for a longer period after birth and study the factors that could influence it.

Aging↗
PubMed2005

[Right delayed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia; report of a case].

An 80-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with abnormal shadow on chest X-ray 8 years after a chest trauma during which multiple ribs on the right side were fractured causing hemothorax. A diagnosis of right delayed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia was based on the findings on plain X-ray and multislice computed tomography. We performed surgery via thoracic approach with thoracoscopic assist. The transverse colon, liver, and omentum were dislocated into the right thoracic cavity and hardly adhered to the lung. We successfully repaired the ruptured diaphragm. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the 33rd postoperative day.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Thoracolithiasis detected during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax: report of a case].

A 32-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for treatment of right recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax. Chest X-ray showed right pneumothorax but chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) examinations did not demonstrate intrathoracic abnormal mass shadow or abnormal calcifications. We performed video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax. At surgery, an egg-shaped milky white free mass was found in the thoracic cavity, and easily removed. This substance was hard and smooth on the surface and measured 12 x 9 mm. Histologically this mass was composed of fatty necrosis surrounded by hyalinized connective tissue. These findings led to a diagnosis of thoracolithiasis. Thoracolithiasis without any history of chest trauma or intervention is pathologically rare, with only 15 cases including our case in Japan, having been reported in the literature to date.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Serum levels of neutrophil activation cytokines in Kawasaki disease.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether neutrophils are early effector cells for vascular endothelial damage in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease (KD) by examining serial changes in neutrophil counts and serum levels of neutrophil activation cytokines, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-8. METHODS: From October 1994 to June 1998, a total of 52 patients with KD were included in the study. Thirty-three patients had some infectious diseases, while 20 healthy children served as control subjects. Serial changes in neutrophils were counted by the optimal Wright-Giemsa staining method and serum levels of IL-8 and G-CSF in patients with KD were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. RESULTS: Serum G-CSF levels both before and after intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG; P<0.05) and neutrophil counts after IVIG (P<0.005) were higher in KD patients with coronary arterial lesions (CAL) than those without CAL. However, serum IL-8 levels before and after IVIG showed no significant differences in these two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that neutrophils may be important as early effector cells for vascular endothelial damage and that G-CSF may play a more important role than IL-8 in KD.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Esophageal adenocarcinoma that probably originated in the esophageal gland duct: a case report.

A case of primary esophageal adenocarcinoma in a 64-year-old man is reported. An ulcerating tumor was located in the middle intrathoracic esophagus. Histopathological examination revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, which had invaded down to the adventitia. The cancerous tubuli were lined by flattened cuboidal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, which were analogous with the esophageal gland ducts and syringoma of the skin. The carcinoma was spread widely in the lamina propria mucosae without intraepithelial neoplastic elements. An immunohistochemical profile of individual cytokeratins and other epithelial markers in the carcinoma was similar to that of the esophageal gland ducts. Barrett's metaplastic epithelium or ectopic gastric mucosa was not found around the tumor. It is strongly suggested that this unique carcinoma is derived from the esophageal gland ducts.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Plant 21D7 protein, a nuclear antigen associated with cell division, is a component of the 26S proteasome.

Previously, we cloned a carrot (Daucus carota L.) cDNA encoding a 45-kD protein, 21D7, located in the nuclei of proliferating cells. The 21D7 protein is similar to the partial sequence of a regulatory subunit of the bovine 26S proteasome, p58 (G. DeMartino, C.R. Moomaw, O.P. Zagnitko, R.J. Proske, M. Chu-Ping, S.J. Afendis, J.C. Swaffield, C.A. Slaughter [1994] J Biol Chem 269: 20878-20884) and to the deduced sequence encoded by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene SUN2 (M. Kawamura, K. Kominami, J. Takeuchi, A. Toh-e [1996] Mol Gen Genet 251: [146-152]). In our work, the expression of plant 21D7 cDNA rescued the yeast sun2 mutant. Fractionation of carrot and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) crude extracts showed that the 21D7 protein sedimented with the active 26S proteasomes. The cessation of cell proliferation in carrot suspensions at the stationary phase caused 26S proteasome dissociation and, correspondingly, the 21D7 protein sedimented together with the free regulatory complexes of the 26s proteasomes. Large-scale purification of carrot 26s proteasomes resulted in co-isolation of the 21D7 protein. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions showed that the 21D7 protein had the same mobility as the 26S proteasome and that proteasome dissociation changed the mobility of the 21D7 protein accordingly. We conclude that the 21D7 protein is a subunit of the plant 26S proteasome and that it probably belongs to the proteasome regulatory complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Changes in proteasome levels in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) seeds during imbibition and germination.

Proteasomes are the major cytosolic protease complexes responsible for energy-dependent and extra-lysosomal proteolysis. Ubiquitinated proteins are degraded by the 26S proteasome which is composed of a 20S proteasome and two regulatory complexes. Changes in the 20S and 26S proteasome activity levels and protein abundance in spinach seeds during imbibition and germination were examined by using glycerol density gradient centrifugation. The 26S proteasome activity level decreased transiently during imbibition, reached a minimum one day after starting imbibition, and then increased again. During the period of minimal accumulation, the protein being detected with an anti-26S proteasome antibody shifted to a lower sedimentation coefficient fraction. In contrast, the 20S proteasome activity level increased during imbibition, and remained high for two days. The change in the 20S proteasome level corresponded to the change in the 20S proteasome activity level.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1996

Superior vena cava syndrome due to a permanent transvenous pacing lead.

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome after pacemaker implantation is a very rare complication. We present a 56-year-old man with severe swelling of the face, neck, and upper arms about 6 years after pacemaker implantation. Digital subtraction angiography showed occlusion of the left innominate vein and severe stenosis of the SVC. The patient eventually required surgical treatment, since anticoagulant therapy and balloon venoplasty were not effective. We conclude that surgical repair is the most effective method for treating similar patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Purification and characterization of the 26 S proteasome from spinach leaves.

The 26 S proteasome complex catalyzing ATP-dependent breakdown of ubiquitin-ligated proteins was purified from spinach leaves to near homogeneity by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, gel filtration on Biogel A-1.5, and glycerol density gradient centrifugation. The purified enzyme was shown to degrade multi-ubiquitinated, but not unmodified, lysozymes in an ATP-dependent fashion coupled with ATPase activity supplying energy for proteolysis and isopeptidase activity to generate free ubiquitin. By nondenaturing electrophoresis, the purified enzyme was separated into two distinct forms of the 26 S complex, named 26 S alpha and 26 S beta proteasomes, with different electrophoretic mobilities. The 26 S proteasome was found to consist of multiple polypeptides with molecular masses of 23-35 and 39-115 kDa, which were thought to be those of a 20 S proteasome with multicatalytic proteinase activity and an associated regulatory part with ATPase and deubiquitinating activities, respectively. The subunit multiplicity of the spinach 26 S proteasome closely resembled that of rat liver with minor differences in certain components. No sulfhydryl bond was involved in the assembly of this multicomponent polypeptide complex. Electron microscopy showed that the 26 S proteasome complex had a "caterpillar"-like shape, consisting of four central protein layers, assumed to be the 20 S proteasome, with asymmetric V-shaped layers at each end. These structural and functional characteristics of the spinach 26 S proteasome showed marked similarity to those of the mammalian 26 S proteasomes reported recently, suggesting that the 26 S proteasome is widely distributed in eukaryotic cells and is of general importance for catalyzing the soluble energy- and ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Benefits of rate-responsive pacing in patients with sick sinus syndrome.

The effect of changing a rate-responsive pacemaker program (which reacts to evoked QT interval) to fixed-rate ventricular pacing was studied in 10 patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS). After the patients had been in the rate-responsive mode (VVIR) for at least one year, the exercise capacity (maximal oxygen consumption [peak VO2], anaerobic threshold [AT], and cardiac output [CO] at these points) was examined. Three hours later on the same day, the pacemaker was reprogrammed to the fixed-rate pacing (VVI) and the exercise capacity was examined again (VVI-S). One month later, a similar exercise test was also done in the VVI mode (VVI-L). There was no significant difference in peak VO2 and AT between VVIR and VVI-S, but both peak VO2 and AT were significantly lower in VVI-L than in VVIR. However, there were no significant differences in the CO at peak VO2 or AT between any of the pacing modes. These findings indicate that a VVIR pacemaker should not be reprogrammed to the VVI mode in SSS patients, because the change can cause the exercise capacity to deteriorate.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Assessment of the relation between bone mineral metabolism and mitral annular calcification or aortic valve sclerosis in elderly patients].

We assessed the effect of bone mineral metabolism on mitral annular calcification (MAC) and aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) in elderly patients. Both MAC and AVS were derived by 2-D echocardiography and bone mineral content (BMC) of vertebral body was obtained by quantitative computed tomography using a calibrated phantom system. The 162 patients were classified according to the echocardiographic finding into three groups; CNT group consisted of the 79 control patients (31 males, 48 females) without MAC or AVS. MAC group: 42 patients (11 males, 31 females) with MAC, and AVS group: 41 patients (19 males, 22 females) with AVS. The results were as follows: 1) The incidence of MAC and AVS in both males and females were increased in proportion to aging. 2) The incidence of MAC in females (31%) was higher than that of males (18%). 3) The AVS in males (31%) was more frequent than that in females (22%). 4) In females of eighth and ninth decades, the BMC in MAC group was significantly decreased than that in CNT group, but not different in males. 5) In both males and females, the BMC in AVS group was not significantly different from that in CNT group. These results suggest that the MAC may be attributed to the ectopic deposit, probably related to the de-calcification from the spinal bone. On the other hand, the AVS may be caused by the other factors, mainly prolonged and sustained pressure or stress loading.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Increased MR signal intensity secondary to chronic cervical cord compression.

Magnetic resonance images of 128 patients with compressive lesions of the cervical spinal canal were reviewed to determine whether a high signal intensity lesion within the spinal cord was present on T2 and proton density weighted spin echo images. Such high signal intensity was observed in 24 cases or 18.8%. The incidence was higher in herniated disk (32.4%), atlanto-axial dislocation (28.6%), and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (22.7%), whereas the abnormality was found sporadically in cervical spondylosis and vertebral body tumors. The high intensity lesion on T2 weighted images was generally observed in patients with constriction or narrowing of the spinal cord. The lesion was not demonstrated on T1 weighted spin echo images. Spinal cord constriction or localized narrowing seemed to be the most important predisposing factor in producing such a high signal intensity. The pathophysiologic basis of such an abnormality was presumed to be myelomalacia or cord gliosis secondary to a long-standing compressive effect of the spinal cord.

Atlanto-Axial Joint↗