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Biomedical subjects

M Mohan

Publications and source records attributed to M Mohan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The role of environmental factors and hereditary predisposition in the causation of low myopia.

Various environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of myopia. An attempt was made quantitatively to estimate some such environmental factors, as based on the presence or absence of a family history of myopia. Age range was 10-21 years. The 200 subjects included in the study were further divided according to emmetropia/myopia. The factors studied in the four subgroups were amount of near work done per day, head posture and illumination level while doing near work, acute fevers, chronic illness, acute or recurrent diarrhea, nutritional status, and income levels. A correlation was found between myopia and near work, head posture and income levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Topical silver sulphadiazine--a new drug for ocular keratomycosis.

The efficacy of silver sulphadiazine in human keratomycosis has not been evaluated so far. Encouraged by the success of an earlier experimental trial, a prospective, controlled, randomised double masked clinical study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of 1% silver sulphadiazine ophthalmic ointment in 20 eyes of mycotic keratitis. Miconazole 1% was used for comparative evaluation in another 20 eyes. Silver sulphadiazine had a higher success rate (80% vs 55%) than miconazole. It had broad antifungal activity and was found to be effective in fusarium keratitis. Absence of side effects, economy, and its efficacy in deeper and extensive lesions were additional advantages. It is concluded from this study that silver sulphadiazine is a safe and effective broad spectrum antifungal agent which can be used for the treatment of human keratomycosis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

Keratoplasty in children.

One hundred sixty-two eyes of children less than 14 years of age with corneal disease underwent keratoplasty over a period of eight years. The cases were divided into two groups and different subgroups, and the results were compared. The results of the recent group of cases after introduction of microsurgery were definitely better. However, being a referral center, the cases came to us at a late stage with complications and required larger grafts. Interestingly, graft transparency has a direct correlation with the size of the graft and type of corneal disease. Lastly, there was a marked reduction in frequency of therapeutic keratoplasty later, a result of the availability of various drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Microbial contamination of donor eyes.

A total number of 1,516 donor eyes received from various sources during the years 1973-1985 were subjected to the isolation of bacterial contamination. The bacterial cultures taken from the pretreatment eyeball showed culture growth in 366 (24.1%) eyes. Of the 366 positive cultures, 331 (21.8%) were bacterial and 35 (2.3%) were fungal. Amongst the bacterial the major contamination was by staphylococcus aureus and albus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gentamicin was found to be the most sensitive antibiotic against a wider group of organisms, the next being chloramphenicol. Thus, treatment of a cadaver eye with a solution of normal saline containing 0.1-0.5 mg/ml of gentamicin is recommended before and after the donor eye is enucleated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Corneoscleral ulceration in congenital erythropoietic porphyria (a case report).

A case of congenital erythropoietic porphyria, with corneoscleral ulceration, a rare association in this disorder, was reported. Anterior segment ischemia is believed to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of corneoscleral ulceration. Remarkable improvement occurred with use of topical heparin drops (500 units/ml).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Synthesis, characterization and antitumor properties of some metal complexes of 3- and 5-substituted salicylaldehyde 2-pyridinylhydrazones.

Complexes of Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pt(II) with 3- and 5-substituted salicylaldehyde 2-pyridinylhydrazones (XSPH, X = H, 3-NO2, 3-CH3O, 5-Br, 5-Cl, 5-CH3, or 5-NO2) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, conductance measurements, magnetic moments (300-78 K), and spectral studies. On the basis of these studies a monomeric, high-spin, distorted octahedral structure for Mn(XSPH)2 and Fe(XSPH)2, a dimeric, high-spin, five-coordinate structure for Co(XSBH)Cl, a dimeric, low-spin, five-coordinate structure for Ni(XSPH)Cl and Zn(XSPH)(OAc), and a square-planar structure for M(XSPH)Cl.H2O (M = Cu(II) or Pt(II] complexes are suggested. The polycrystalline ESR spectra of Cu(II) complexes are isotropic and suggest dx2-y2 ground state in square-planar stereochemistry. Mössbauer spectral results indicate distorted octahedral structure for iron(II) complexes. All the metal(II) complexes have been screened for their antitumor activity against P388 lymphocytic leukemia test system in mice and have been found to possess no significant activity at the dosages used.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1987

Tear and serum immunoglobulins during corneal graft rejection.

Tear and serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM were estimated in serially drawn samples of 50 patients undergoing optical keratoplasty. Fifteen healthy individuals served as controls. Samples were collected at different postoperative intervals. An immunological rejection phenomenon was observed in nine patients. The rejection could be reversed in five of these nine cases. A decline in serum immunoglobulins was observed during the postoperative follow-up of these cases. This was unrelated to rejection phenomenon and was attributed to systemic steroid therapy. In tears, IgM was not detectable in majority of samples. No significant variation in tear IgA levels was observed between the cases where rejection was reversed and the ones in which it resulted in an opaque graft. In contrast, significant tear IgG increase was observed during the rejection phenomenon. The increased IgG levels returned to the basal value in each case in which rejection was reversed, but remained elevated much above basal and maximum control values in cases in which rejection could not be reversed. This differential response of tear IgG was highly significant. Our results suggest that raised tear IgG levels and its persistence despite therapy may be an indicator of corneal transplant rejection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cataract prevalence study--an Indian experience.

Study of cataract epidemiology has a special significance in prevention of cataract particularly in view of its high prevalence, and the exorbitant costs involved in its management. The broad objective was to estimate the magnitude and identify risk factors for future interventions. Such studies also help in planned development of manpower and physical infrastructure, besides making an estimation for operative load. A prevalence study of cataract has recently been conducted in India at 15 different centres, each covering approximately a population of 4,000. A manual of procedures for conducting cataract prevalence studies had been prepared, tested and used for this study. These procedures were specifically adopted, keeping in view the constraints of manpower, equipment etc., and the usual community response and lack of cooperation for detailed check-ups during surveys.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Indo-US case-control study of senile cataract--design and development.

Study design and development are presented for an investigation of risk factors for senile cataract in a collaborative Indo-US case-control study in New Delhi, India. This study emphasizes the relationship of nutritional status, as ascertained by biochemical assessment on plasma and red blood cells and by dietary history, to specific cataract types (nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Bilateral simultaneous corneal graft rejection--role of tear immunoglobulins.

A report is made on an unusual case of corneal graft which was clear for well over a decade, and then manifested allograft rejection phenomenon concurrently in both eyes initiated by keratoplasty in the second eye. A bilateral and simultaneous corneal graft rejection in an individual does not seem to have been reported previously. Serial tear immunoglobulin (IgG) levels, which were normal in the initial postoperative period, demonstrated an elevation throughout the rejection phenomenon. The possible significance of this rise in the tear IgG levels is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Optic disc vasculitis in epidemic dropsy.

During an outbreak of epidemic dropsy in Delhi, 233 patients were studied. Retinal changes including venous dilatation and tortuosity, haemorrhages and disc oedema were observed. A clinical picture compatible with type I optic disc vasculitis was seen in 13 eyes and that of type II in 3 eyes. Fluorescein angiography was carried out in 23 randomly selected cases. Relevant angiographic findings included dilated and tortuous retinal veins, prominent vascular staining, blocked fluorescence, microaneurysms, disc oedema and peripapillary dye spillage. Presence of positive angiographic findings correlated well with the severity of the systemic disease, glaucoma, however, revealed no correlation. Papillophlebitis, a new ocular manifestation of Argemone mexicana oil toxicity, as also the fluorescein angiographic picture in epidemic dropsy is being reported for the first time in the literature.

Disease Outbreaks↗