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Biomedical subjects

M Mohorn

Publications and source records attributed to M Mohorn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[The inhalation versus systemic prevention of pneumonitis during thoracic irradiation].

BACKGROUND: Pneumonitis is a typical subacute reaction of healthy bronchial tissue to thoracic irradiation. The purpose of the present trial was to show whether prophylactic application of steroids in the course of and following radiotherapy would reduce the incidence of pneumonitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven patients receiving thoracic irradiation for bronchial carcinoma were assigned to 2 therapeutic groups; half of the patients were given 10 mg of oral prednisolone per day, while the other half received daily inhalative beclomethasone. All patients were evaluated for radiographic signs of pneumonitis. Thirty-two patients received additional investigations for pulmonary diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide. RESULTS: The overall incidence of pneumonitis was 17.6% (10/57 patients). Neither total radiation dose nor mode of fractionation did significantly contribute to the incidence of pneumonitis. Those patients showing a pulmonary diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide of less than 60% prior to radiotherapy had a significantly higher risk of developing pneumonitis (4/7) than patients with a higher diffusion capacity (3/25, p = 0.026). In follow-up period we did not see significant changes in diffusion capacity neither with patients who developed pneumonitis nor with those patients showing no evidence of pulmonary injury. Comparing the chest X-ray there were less radiographic changes consistent with pneumonitis in the inhalative beclomethasone (2/28) than in the oral prednisolone group (8/29, p = 0.045). DISCUSSION: In order to reduce the incidence of pneumonitis in patients receiving thoracic irradiation we support a continuous application of steroids in the course of and following radiotherapy. The inhalative use of beclomethasone has proved to be superior to oral prednisolone due to better local efficacy and decreased unwanted side effects.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1991

[Technical aspects in the Pari provocation test I].

Several methods are in use for performing the unspecific provocation test. The Pari provocation test I instrument offers the possibility of employing the reservoir method that possesses several advantages. On testing individual parameters of this instrument we determined an aerosol performance of 0.086 +/- 0.002 ml/min for nozzle 1 and of 0.083 +/- 0.002 ml/min for nozzle 2. Reproducibility was very good, and so was the agreement between the two tested nozzles. The aerosol volume that was produced, was greater than stated if the setting was adjusted to 2.51 to 10.01; it was lower only if the instrument was set to 2.01. The reasons for this result are discussed. On the whole, the instrument can be considered as suitable for the performance of unspecific provocation tests, and can be recommended.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1989

[Change in cardiopulmonary function following surgery].

45 patients were subjected to pre- and postoperative radio-cardiographic examinations and 52 patients to respiratory function tests. Vital capacity, one-second capacity, maximum breathing capacity and peak flow decreased significantly, the oscillatory resistance increased significantly. During extra-abdominal interventions, the difference to the initial value appeared to be essentially lower. These findings are to be related to bronchial irritation and concurrent anaesthesia-induced bronchospasm as well to pain-dependent restriction of lung function due to elevation and relieving posture of the diaphragm. Not significant was the change in cardiac function which was determined by age and predigitalization of the test persons rather than by the site of the surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of the calcium antagonist nifedipine on stress-induced bronchial asthma].

Studies of the efficiency of the calcium antagonist nifedepine on the exercise-induced asthma bronchiale (EIA) were carried out in 15 cases of asthmatics (11 men, 5 women; average age 28.5 years; average time of illness 6.4 years). Duration of exercise was 6 minutes at 80-85% of the maximal age related heart frequency, either on the bicycle ergometer or free running. Rtot, TGV, MEF50, MEF25 and arterial pO2 were measured, Rtot and TGV with air breathing as well as with He/O2 (80% He, 20% O2). Nifedepine reduces significantly the exercise-induced obstruction of the large and the peripheral airways. Possible mechanisms are discussed. Prophylactic treatment with nifedepine is possible. The development of a selective calcium antagonist is desirable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Reference values for the maximal expiratory flow volume curve for adults. Results of a cooperative study].

Reference values of the maximal expiratory flow-volume curve for the adult GDR's population have been ascertained by a co-operative study of 5 lung function laboratories. We analysed measurements in 1,004 healthy subjects aged 16 to 69 years (728 males and 276 females). Prediction equations for the maximal expiratory flow rates, several time constants of lung mechanics and screening parameters of ventilatory inhomogeneity have been calculated by means of the multiple linear regression analysis. Our reference values are in good accordance with SEPCR summary equations. It is recommended to subtract from or add to the predicted values 1.64 standard deviations and to consider abnormal all values beyond this limit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Experience with ketotifen in respiratory tract diseases].

In 2 clinical studies we tested the efficacy of ketotifen in allergic rhinitis and allergic bronchial asthma. Ketotifen was demonstrated to have a convincing effect not only upon the typical inhalation allergens, such as pollen, house dust mite or animal hair, but also upon allergens ingested via the gastrointestinal tract (food). As even long-term administration has thus far not shown toxic side-effects, ketotifen, based on appropriate indication, can already in childhood be successfully applied.

Asthma↗
PubMed1984

[Effectiveness of the calcium antagonist nifedipine and the protease inhibitor with plasmin inactivating effect para-aminomethylbenzoic acid on stress-induced bronchial asthma].

In 15 asthmatics (7 females, 8 males, average age 23.3 years) the efficacy of the calcium antagonist nifedipine (Corinfar) and of PAMBA on the exercise-induced asthma was investigated. The patients underwent for 6 minutes a submaximal exercise (80 +/- 5% of the age-related maximum pulse rate) on the bicycle ergometer or by free running. Nifedipine exhibited a highly significant inhibition of the exercise-induced bronchial obstruction (p less than 0.001). Under the PAMBA-medication no significant differences could be stated in comparison to the exercise test without medicament (p greater than 0.5). A standardization of the exercise tests is to be aspired to.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1979

[Cardiopulmonary function after segmental resection of the lung].

By the combination of radiocardiography, ergooxytensiometry and heart probing on 22 lobectomized, cone- and segment-resected patients, respectively could be established in comparison to control groups that also after parenchyma-saving lung resection a pulmonary load parenchyma-saving lung resection a pulmonary load hypertension develops in 15 patients. The sequel of this increase of pressure and resistance in the pulmonary circulation is a functional insufficiency of the heart in 11 cases which is to objectify by reduction of the stroke volume, increase of the end-diastolic and end-systolic volume and by reduction of the contractility of the myocardium.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Haemodynamic and respiratory changes after lung resection (author's transl)].

After lobectomy a slight increase of pulmonary arterial pressure can already be observed in the state of rest. The resistance of the pulmonary vessels reveals a marked dependance on the date of operation, it increases moderately on strain, but more significantly in the state of rest. At the same time cardiac output is decreased due to the exhaustion of the myocard after straining. Cardiac insufficiency developing postoperatively is due to the reduction of pulmonary hypertension. The reduction of VC and a slight increase of resistance do not cause the arterial PO2 pressure to be lowered under conditions of strain or rest.

Blood Pressure↗