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Biomedical subjects

M Mohta

Publications and source records attributed to M Mohta.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Efficacy of intrathecal adenosine for postoperative pain relief.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Adenosine, by intravenous and intrathecal routes, is known to alleviate various types of pain. However, the role of intrathecal adenosine in providing postoperative analgesia has not been confirmed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal adenosine for postoperative pain relief, and to determine its role for pre-emptive analgesia. METHODS: Ninety ASA I and II females, undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy, were randomly divided into three groups of 30 patients each. Patients in the 'early adenosine' group received intrathecal adenosine 1,000 microg, 30 min before induction of anaesthesia. Patients in the 'late adenosine' group received the same dose before reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Control patients did not receive any test drug. A balanced general anaesthesia technique was used in all patients. Pain intensity scores using a visual analogue scale, sedation scores, time to first rescue analgesic and total morphine requirement were recorded. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in pain intensity scores, sedation scores, total morphine requirements and time to first rescue analgesic among the three groups. CONCLUSION: Intrathecal adenosine 1,000 microg is not effective as an analgesic for postoperative pain relief, and there is no pre-emptive effect.

Adenosine↗
PubMed2006

Laryngotracheal hypoplasia--a rare cause of difficult intubation.

Generalized hypoplasia of the larynx and trachea is a very rare condition with only one case reported in the literature. A pregnant woman presented for an emergency laparotomy under general anaesthesia. Endotracheal intubation with conventional sizes of tracheal tubes failed, despite a Cormack and Lehane grade I laryngoscopic view. Subsequent investigations demonstrated generalized hypoplasia of the larynx and trachea. In this report, successful anaesthetic management of this case is discussed along with other possible options.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Randomised trial of intravenous infusion of ephedrine or mephentermine for management of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean section.

This study compared the effects of intravenous infusions of ephedrine and mephentermine for maintenance of maternal arterial pressure and neonatal outcome in pregnant women receiving subarachnoid block for lower segment Caesarean section. Sixty patients who developed hypotension following subarachnoid block for Caesarean section were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each to receive an intravenous infusion of ephedrine or mephentermine. Hypotension was defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of > or = 20% from the baseline value or an absolute value of <100 mmHg, whichever was higher. The vasopressor infusion was titrated to maintain systolic blood pressure between 'hypotension' and baseline values. Baseline haemodynamic parameters, haemodynamic changes subsequent to the start of vasopressor infusion, duration of hypotension and amount of vasopressor required were statistically similar for both groups. Neonatal APGAR scores and acid-base profiles were also comparable. To conclude, mephentermine can be used as safely and effectively as ephedrine for the management of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing elective Caesarean section.

Adrenergic Agents↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of laryngeal mask airway with tracheal tube for ophthalmic surgery in paediatric patients.

This study of sixty ASA grade 1 or 2 children, aged 1 to 12 years, undergoing elective ophthalmic procedures, compared the use of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) with that of an endotracheal tube. Changes in intraocular pressure and haemodynamic parameters, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were measured Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 patients. In group 1, the airway was secured with an LMA and in group 2 with an endotracheal tube. A standard technique of general anaesthesia incorporating positive pressure ventilation was used in both groups. The changes in intraocular pressure, heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were observed before and after insertion of the airway device, two minutes after insertion, and pre and post removal of the device. The incidence of airway complications was also noted. There was no significant change in mean intraocular pressure after insertion of the LMA, but removal caused a significant increase to 19.3 +/- 7.6 mmHg (from a baseline of 13.9 +/- 4.3 mmHg). In the endotracheal tube group, intubation increased the mean intraocular pressure significantly to 19.9 +/- 7.3 mmHg (from a baseline of 13.1 +/- 4.0 mmHg) and extubation caused an increase to 24.6 +/- 10.4 mmHg which was clinically as well as statistically significant. The incidence of postoperative coughing was lower in the LMA group, but the incidence of vomiting higher. Two patients had displacement of the LMA during the procedure. We conclude that the use of an LMA is associated with less increase in intraocular pressure than the use of an endotracheal tube in children.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed2004

Rate-dependent left bundle branch block during anaesthesia.

Rate-dependent left bundle branch block during general anaesthesia is rare. Its occurrence makes electrocardiographic diagnosis of acute myocardial ischaemia or infarction difficult. It can also be confused with a slow rate ventricular tachycardia. We present a case of rate-dependent left bundle branch block in a patient with no previous history of ischaemic heart disease. Carotid sinus massage resulted in a decrease in heart rate and reversion to normal sinus rhythm.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed2004

Effect of diclofenac pretreatment on pain during propofol injection.

In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 120 ASA 1 or 2 patients were allocated to receive diclofenac or normal saline as pretreatment to assess their effect on incidence and severity of pain during propofol injection. Diclofenac in two different doses, i.e. 25 mg and 15 mg, was tried for this purpose. The overall incidence of pain did not significantly differ among the groups, but the incidence of moderate to severe pain following propofol injection was significantly less in patients who received diclofenac 25 mg (P = 0.0017) or 15 mg (P = 0.0363) than in those who received saline. However, the diclofenac itself was associated with mild pain in some patients.

Adolescent↗