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Biomedical subjects

M Montard

Publications and source records attributed to M Montard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of heparin surface modification of polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lenses on signs of postoperative inflammation after extracapsular cataract extraction. One-year results of a double-masked multicenter study.

PURPOSE: A heparin surface modified posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) was compared with a conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) IOL regarding postoperative complications caused by inflammation. METHODS: Five hundred twenty-four patients from 10 different centers were included in a parallel group, double-masked, multicenter study. RESULTS: The cumulative number of patients with inflammatory cellular deposits on their IOLs during the first postoperative year differed significantly in favor of the heparin surface modified group, with 29.8% of the patients having cellular deposits compared with 48.8% of patients in the control group. Cellular deposits were observed most frequently at 3 months after surgery, and the difference between the groups was most pronounced and statistically significant at this time. The same results were seen at 1 year, but the difference was not significant. The number of cellular deposits per patient, however, was significantly lower in the heparin surface modified group at 1 year. Cumulatively, there were significantly more patients with posterior synechiae in the PMMA group than in the heparin surface modified group during the 1-year follow-up. Complications were few and comparable between the groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that heparin surface modification reduces the inflammatory response to PMMA IOLs.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Endothelial effects of the ZB anterior chamber myopic implant during the first year. Prospective study with statistical analysis].

We conducted a prospective study of the corneal endothelium of 31 severely myopic eyes (17 patients) corrected by phakic anterior chamber intraocular lens. Patients were examined 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after surgical operation. In the center of the cornea, we noted a mean cell loss of 5.3% (p = 0.03) at 3 months, 8.2% (p less than 0.001) at 6 months and 15.5% at 12 months. The maximal cell loss was 21.6% at 3 months, 29% at 6 months and 58% at 12 months. The loss between 6 and 12 months was significant (p 0.01). In the periphery, the endothelial density was slightly lower than the central density (mean: 3.2%). In some cases, we saw areas of cellular denuding. It appeared that endothelial cell loss can be very different in the two eyes of the same patient, as well as between two different patients. Our study showed that the reduction of endothelial cell density was progressive with time. Intermittent contact between the implant and corneal endothelium was highly suspected, but this mechanism may not be the only one involved. The future integrity of these corneas is at stake and the problem of explantation of some implants is beginning to be a real one.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Reoperation after radial keratotomy. When is it indicated?].

In a series of 719 patients who underwent radial kératotomies, the authors report the results of pericentral deepenings 1 month and 1 year postoperatively because of undercorrection postoperatively. The improvement of residual myopia was 68.6% in the first group and 64.8% in the second group. There was no statistically difference between these two results. The dioptric improvement did not exceed 1.5 dioptre in all cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[HLA antigenicity of normal and pathological corneas].

Fresh human corneas and corneal buttons were studied for expression of HLA antigens. Using monoclonal antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence assay, corneal layers were examined for class I (HLA-A, B, C) and class II (HLA-DR) histocompatibility antigens. Twenty-one human corneas were studied, 6 normal and 15 pathological: 4 buttons of allograft rejection, 9 buttons of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. In fresh control corneas, HLA-A, B, C antigens were localized on corneal epithelium and on stromal keratocytes but were never found on endothelial cells. HLA-DR antigens were not detected on corneal epithelium, stroma or endothelium but were detected on Langerhans cells within epithelium and anterior stroma. At the corneal limbus, HLA class I-II antigens were expressed on vascular endothelium. HLA antigen distribution was modified in pathological corneas. Antigens HLA-A, B, C were induced on endothelial cells of rejected corneal allografts. Antigens HLA-DR were detected on epithelial cells, cells in the stroma of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and also on endothelial cells of rejected corneal allografts. These results suggest that induction of class I and II antigen expression by inflammatory factors may occur in vivo. In rejected corneal allografts induction of HLA-DR antigen on corneal layers would intensify the process of rejection. This study and others have demonstrated the ability of modulation of HLA antigen expression on human corneal cells in vivo.

Cornea↗
PubMed1990

[Preservation of human corneas in organ culture: technical protocol].

Using organ-culture preservation human corneas were preserved up to 5 weeks in a modified tissue culture medium at 37 degrees C. The endothelial viability was examined after staining with trypan-blue 0.3%, after determination of endothelial cell density and cell loss and by light microscopy after staining with trypan-blue 0.3% and alizarin red 1%. The biochemical analysis of the medium (pH, glucose, lactate) has allowed the evaluation of three kinds of storage. The influence of time preservation on the endothelial viability and the metabolic conditions are determined. At the end of this study a clinical trial is proposed.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1990

[Preservation of human corneas in organ culture: results of a feasibility clinical protocol].

This study reports donor corneas stored at +37 degrees C in organ culture incubation. The follow up is 12 months. The graft survival is 92%. Two grafts are failed before 6 months. The mean control thickness is 0.54 mm and the mean endothelial cell density 1625 cells per mm2. A mean decrease in cell density of 40.6% is recorded. This study demonstrates that banked donor material can be successfully employed for corneal transplantation.

Cornea↗
PubMed1990

[Non-freeze myopic keratomileusis. Retrospective study of 27 consecutive operations].

27 consecutive cases of non freeze myopic keratomileusis (using Barraquer Krumeich Swinger Set) were performed by one surgeon on 22 patients in a retrospective study. 4 per operative complications were noticed. Visual acuity with and without correction, astigmatism before and after surgery were reviewed preoperatively, at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year postoperative. The preoperative myopia (mean +/- standard deviation) was -15.55 +/- 5.46 D, the average postoperative residual myopia was: at 1 week -0.43 +/- 3.58 D, at 1 month -1.18 +/- 4.15 D, at 3 month -4.44 +/- 4.80 D, at 6 month -5.43 +/- 5.51, at 1 year -6.95 +/- 4.81 D. Visual acuity without correction was always better postoperatively. The best visual acuity (with correction) was preoperatively 0.38 +/- -0.22 at 1 week postoperative 0.21 +/- 0.09, at 1 month 0.35 +/- 0.16, at 3 month 0.31 +/- 0.15, at 6 month 0.32 +/- 0.15, at 1 year 0.34 +/- 0.17. Further investigation is monitoring to assess the predictability and stability of non freeze keratomileusis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Non-freezing myopic keratomileusis. Results of 27 consecutive operations].

27 consecutive cases of non freeze myopic keratomileusis were performed on 22 patients in a retrospective study. 4 per operative complications were noted. Visual acuity with and without correction, keratometry, astigmatism, pachymetry, esthesiometry before and after surgery were reviewed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year post operatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Our experience with myopic implants. Initial optical results].

28 patients with high myopia (over-10 dioptries) were implanted in anterior chamber with a myopic IOL. 3 months postoperatively the visual acuity without correction was equal to the preoperative acuity. With a light correction, especially of residual astigmatism, we noticed a gain of acuity of 0.2.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Human grafts preserved at +37 degrees C. Initial clinical results].

This study reports the clinical use of donor corneas stored at +37 degrees C in organ culture medium. Twenty-five penetrating keratoplasties were performed. The mean storage time of organ-cultured donor corneas was 12.3 days (3-21). The follow up of the patients was 12 months. The criteria for the survival of corneal grafts was mean central corneal thickness, clarity of the cornea and mean endothelial cell density. The graft survival was 92% at 12 months. The mean central corneal thicken was 0.54 mm. The mean endothelial cell density was 1625 cells/mm2. The mean decrease in endothelial cell density at 12 months was 40.6%.

Cornea↗
PubMed1989

[Medium-term preservation of human corneas in an enriched culture medium at +37 degrees Centigrade].

A study of 36 penetrating keratoplasties using donor corneas stored at +37 degrees C in organ culture incubation for an average of 12 days prior to transplantation is reported. The criteria for the survival of corneal grafts were mean central corneal thickness, clarity of the cornea and mean endothelial cell density. A total of 86% of the grafts remained clear after 12 months follow-up time. The mean central corneal thickness was 0.47 mm. The mean endothelial cell density was 1452 cells/mm2. Based on the results of this study, organ culture reported here appears to be a safe and efficient method of medium to long-term corneal storage.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Sequential analysis of the human corneal endothelium in vitro].

A corneal endothelium staining technique is described which can be performed in a few minutes. The first step of this in vitro staining is atraumatic for the endothelium. The cell density and the number of dead cells are thus determined. The second step is a staining of nuclear and intercellular spaces with a fixation by ethanol. Which then permits an histological analysis. This method of the endothelium, as described, thus allows for the control of corneal button either before grafts or after preservation, as well as the analysis of corneal pathologies.

Anthraquinones↗
PubMed1988

[Automated perimetry in patients with posterior chamber implants].

Automated perimetry was performed on 32 eyes of 31 patients with posterior chamber intraocular lens. Visual field and retinal sensibility were studied a week and three months after surgery for each eye. Decreased retinal sensibility in the foveal area was observed in 75% of the eyes. Such a deficiency was also noted in the nasal visual field from 30 to 45 degrees, and within 60 degrees in the temporal area. Further investigation is mandatory to assess our hypothesis about this phenomenon.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Predictive factors in radial keratotomy. Analysis of results].

Prospective evaluation of radial keratotomy was conducted on 300 surgeries. Group A recovered low myopia within -0.75 to -3.00 diopters (D) and group B extended from -3.25 to -9.00 D. Before surgery the mean spherical equivalent in the first group was -2.29 D and in the second -4.81 D. After 12 months, the average change in spherical equivalent was 2.19 D in the A group and 4.08 in the B group. After one year, the mean uncorrected visual acuity was above 20/25 in all cases of the first group and ranged from 20/30 to 20/25 in the second one. A discussion of the different predictive factors is presented as well as a statistical approach to each parameter.

Adult↗