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Biomedical subjects

M Morel

Publications and source records attributed to M Morel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Assessment with potential mapping of the cardiac protective effect of a drug. Example of trimetazidine.

SATAPEC is a computerized system built in the Laboratory for recording over 256 multiplexed channels and for automatic processing of cardiac electrical potentials. The results are printed out in the form of maps (either in black and white or in color) showing potential distributions, depolarization, repolarization, duration of activation, or various other analog-digital data. The cardioprotective ability of a drug may be assessed with SATAPEC. As an example, the effect of trimetazidine (TMZ) is examined using 2 groups of 12 rabbits (one group serving as a control and the second group pretreated with TMZ). An elastomer mesh with 240 regularly spaced chlorided silver wire electrode is placed around the ventricles following thoracotomy. A ligature is made starting from the anterior interventricular artery (AIV). Recordings are taken from the 240 unipolar epicardial electrograms (reference potential taken at Wilson terminal) 1 min before ligation and then every min for 8 min following ligation. Once the electrograms are plotted and any aberrant tracings eliminated, ST variation is calculated automatically. Files containing ST variations at different instants are stored in the computer memory and the mean sigma ST/240 curves of the two groups of rabbits are plotted versus time. Mean electric potential maps, obtained by aligning all of the individual maps, are then printed. With these maps the location and extent of the epicardial injured area can be visualized. Pretreatment with TMZ (2.5 mg/kg) has shown a beneficial effect on ischemia injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Psoralen plus ultraviolet A in the prophylactic treatment of benign summer light eruption.

We report the results of a French multicentre study to evaluate the efficiency of psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy in the prophylactic treatment of benign summer light eruption (BSLE) and to establish the optimal protocol of radiation. Nine photobiology centres took part in this study; 83 patients (76 of them women) were evaluated. The radiation protocols were as follows: oral psoralen (8-methoxypsoralen; 0.6 mg/kg) was taken at each session; the starting dose of UVA radiation was determined according to skin type, with increments of 0.5 J/cm2 every 2 sessions. The subjects were randomized to receive 10-20 sessions 3 times per week. PUVA therapy was very effective: 68 patients (82%) reported total protection from BSLE. Four patients (5%) showed progress. Only 13% showed no improvement. The satisfactory results were not correlated with either the number of sessions or the J/cm2 of UVA. The intensity of tanning after the PUVA sessions did not appear to predict cure. Thirty-six percent of the patients had adverse reactions to treatment, including erythema, pruritus and triggering of BSLE. However, these effects only required the treatment to be stopped in 2% of the cases (for severe pruritus). The results in the various centres were similar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Onset and development of cyclosporin A effects on lymphocytes of cardiac patients before heart transplantation.

The effects of cyclosporin A (CSA) in low dosage (4 mg/kg/24 h i.v.) were studied in 17 patients awaiting heart transplantation. The lymphocyte subsets were typed, enumerated, and their proliferation measured before CSA perfusion, after infusion (over 24 h), and then again after two further 24 h intervals (T0 h, T24 h, T48 h, and T72 h). No significant change was found in T or B enumerations although lymphocyte function was markedly modified. For all 17 patients, there was a significant decrease in lymphocyte proliferation that was, however, re-established after 72 h for 14 of the patients, but not for the remaining 3. Inhibition of the proliferative response was found to occur rapidly, to be potent although rapidly reversible in most cases, while yet subject to wide interindividual variability. These four features suggest that (a) CSA in fixed doses may later the balance between helper and suppressor cells in varying degrees according to the patient, and that (b) CSA given immediately or shortly after heart transplantation could be beneficial.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Single brain metastasis of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Study of survival among 54 patients.

We studied 54 patients treated for non-small cell lung carcinoma with single brain metastasis presenting between 1980 and 1985. Better survival was obtained in cases of patients presenting a fair neurological condition who were treated by surgery. Histological condition and date of onet of metastasis had no significant influence on survival. Combined treatment of both primary lung tumour and brain metastasis was a favourable prognosis element, and surgical resection of both locations led to the best results in terms of duration and quality of survival.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Clinical, mammographic, and sonographic determination of preoperative breast cancer size.

Clinical, mammographic, and sonographic preoperative size measurements were correlated with the values obtained at pathologic examination in a series of 31 patients with pathologically T1 (n = 23) and T2 (n = 8) breast carcinomas. Sonographic measurements demonstrated the highest correlation coefficient (r = 0.84), with the lowest residual standard deviation calculated in relation to the regression line. As a result, real-time sonography yielded the most accurate determination of breast cancer size in this series. Sonographic tumor size determination has proved valuable when mammography failed to delineate the tumor, particularly in patients with dense breasts. It may also be recommended in the evaluation of tumor response to nonsurgical conservative treatment.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[In vivo location of the cortical language areas (correlation between anatomy, x-ray computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging)].

Cortical language areas were identified by CT scan or NMR imaging, using planes of horizontal sections parallel to the orbitomeatal plane and therefore indirectly to the bicommissural plane. Sections 45 and 50 mm above the bicommissural plane pass electively through temporal structures i.e. the posterior part of T1 and T2, while sections at 60 and 70 mm pass through the angular gyrus and supramarginal gyrus.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1986

[Thyroid cancer in Champagne-Ardenne: 1967-1984. Epidemiologic findings in a regional register].

Between 1967 and 1984, 600 cases of clinically diagnosed thyroid carcinoma were collected in an area (Champagne-Ardenne) of about 1,500,000 inhabitants. During this period, the complete collection of the cases was progressively ensured by involving all the general practitioners and by creating a cooperative multidisciplinary group. The collected data were sex, age at diagnosis, histological classification and clinical extension in TNM system. We found 19 patients with previous neck irradiation. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in association with thyrotoxicosis in 36 patients: 13 Graves disease and 23 nodular hyperthyroidism. Incidence rates were estimated on a well defined population of two districts (850,000 inhabitants) and limited to the last four years. The following results were obtained: incidence 4.3/100,000/year, age-specific incidence progressively increasing up to a value of 10/000,000/year in the course of the fifth decade. Sex-ratio was 0.26.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Mapping of the cardiac electric activity. Applications to experimental surgery].

The results reported by French and other groups of workers have shown that peroperative epicardial mapping is a valuable technique for locating the accessory pathway in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and also in the surgical treatment of certain forms of chronic ventricular tachycardia. The aim of this study was to develop a completely automatic method of mapping potentials recorded at many points during the same systole. A system of acquisition and automatic treatment of 256 cardiac potentials called SATAPEC was constructed at the University of Caen. The system comprises specialized recorders, a multiplexing system on 256 leads with analogical-digital conversion and a PDP 11-23 mini computer. The results presented are based on the location of the His bundle and the right bundle branch in the dog from recordings of the H potential. The recording device with 240 (20 x 12) measuring points is a silk net on which 50 micrometers diameter silver wires are attached. The wires are insulated except at their tips and are separated one from another by a distance of 2 mm. After infundibulotomy the recording device was placed over the interventricular or right interatrial septum. The 240 unipolar electrograms were recorded during a single systole. The programmes which have been developed automatically produce maps of the amplitude of the H potential. The computer detects the presence or absence of a H potential on each electrogram and then displays on a cathode ray tube points of variable size indicating the locations of the electrodes which have recorded a H potential.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Thrombosis of the intracranial venous sinuses after ingestion of estroprogestative agents. 4 cases].

The authors report 4 cases of thrombosis of the superior longitudinal sinus (SLS) in women taking oestroprogestational agents. This complication is very rare, only 25 cases existing in the literature. The clinical picture consists of premonitory headaches associated with neurological signs suggesting lesions affecting both hemispheres in alternation. In the absence of treatment, sudden deterioration on about the tenth day is to be feared. This picture is similar to that of puerperal thrombosis of the SLS. The diagnosis should be confirmed by carotid arteriography, which demonstrates the presence of collateral varices and the thrombosed sinus giving a "negative" image on the AP view. Cerebral scintigraphy shows one or more areas of uptake in the form of adjacent rounded shapes, corresponding to cerebral infarctions of venous origin. As far as the responsibility of oestro-progenstational agents is concerned, the role is suggested by the analogy with puerperal thromboses and also by the absence of cases in men (with the exception of head injury, infections of the face and haematological malignancies). The prognosis is grave (19 deaths out of 29 cases), but surviving patients are completely cured. This prognosis would seem to be essentially dependent upon the possibilities of venous callateral circulation, which are variable in each individual patient. Anticoagulants and thrombolytic risk, in effective doses, to transform the venous thrombosis into a cerebral haemorrhage. Treatment consists rather of methods to reduce cerebral volume, aimed at maximal use of collateral varices and assisting the patient to overcome to acute phase of the first 2 weeks. Headache would seem to be the principal presenting symptom. In our opinion, no biological test gives a reliable indication as to those women most at risk and contraindictions are in fact of a clinical character.

Adult↗