PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Morelli

Publications and source records attributed to M Morelli.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Dihydroergotoxine potentiation of thioridazine-induced hypomotility.

Dihydroergotoxine (DHET), a dopamine (DA) receptor agonist, induced hypomotility in rats at doses of 0.125-0.5 mg/kg s.c., (-)sulpiride a D-2 receptor antagonist, a dose which did not affect spontaneous activity (10 mg/kg s.c.) counteracted the hypomotility induced by DHET. Thioridazine (THR), a widely used neuroleptic, reduced motility (2.5-10 mg/kg i.p.) when given alone; this effect was potentiated by DHET when the two drugs administered in doses of 1 mg/kg THR/0.05 mg/kg DHET and 2.5 mg/kg THR/0.125 mg/kg DHET; higher doses of THR (5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) which by themselves induced marked inhibition of motility, were not potentiated by doses of DHET of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg s.c. THR and DHET influenced in an opposite manner the levels of DA-metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid in the caudate; while THR (1-10 mg/kg i.p.) increased, DHET (0.25-0.5 mg/kg s.c.), decreased DA-metabolite levels. The association of THD and DHET resulted in a reciprocal antagonism of their effects on DA-metabolite levels.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Catalepsy induced by SCH 23390 in rats.

The ability of SCH 23390 as compared to haloperidol to produce catalepsy in rats was evaluated in three tests for catalepsy. SCH 23390 produced catalepsy in all three tests with ED50 (mg/kg s.c.) of 0.017 on the vertical grid, 0.023 on the horizontal bar and 0.038 on the 'four corks'. Haloperidol produced catalepsy with ED50 (mg/kg s.c.) of 0.048 on the vertical grid, 0.042 on the horizontal bar and 0.065 on the four corks. Catalepsy by SCH 23390 and by haloperidol was prevented by scopolamine and potentiated by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine pretreatment. Catalepsy induced by SCH 23390 was also prevented by specific D-2 receptor agonists such as pergolide, lisuride and bromocriptine but not by the D-1 receptor agonist SKF 38393. The results demonstrate that SCH 23390 is potently cataleptogenic and that the catalepsy it produces has a pharmacologic profile typical of that produced by potent and specific D-2 antagonists.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Experience in the use of the tumor markers CEA, GICA and TPA in the postoperative monitoring of colorectal neoplasms].

Current use of tumour markers in the followup to malignant digestive tract neoplasias is restricted mainly by the non optimal sensitivity levels and specificity of these markers. These aspects of CEA, GICA and TPA markers used in follow-ups for 23 patients surgically treated for Duke's stage B2 neoplasias of the colon and rectum were examined over the period 1980-1983. Each marker examined displays its own individual characteristics of sensitivity and specificity. An X-ray endoscopic confirmation is required in all cases as no single marker is sufficiently reliable to be used as a diagnostic tool on its own. It is concluded that biological markers should be used as part of a follow-up programme embracing more than one diagnostic procedure.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

Non-dopaminergic mechanisms in the turning behavior evoked by intranigral opiates.

The turning effects of the unilateral intranigral injection of morphine and of different analogs of dynorphin and enkephalin were studied. All injections were made in awake rats through cronically implanted guide cannulae. Dynorphin1-13 at a dose of 10 micrograms (0.6 nmol) and dynorphin1-17 at a dose of 2 micrograms (0.9 nmol) produced contralateral circling when injected unilaterally in the substantia nigra (SN), lasting for about 1 h. D-Ala-dynorphin1-17, a more stable analog of dynorphin, produced at a dose of 2 micrograms (0.9 nmol), a longer-lasting effect. Injections of different enkephalin analogs were also made into the SN, [D-Ser2]-Leu-enkephalin (10 micrograms, 14.5 nmol) and [D-Ala2,D-Ala3]-Met-enkephalin (10 micrograms, 15 nmol) also produced contralateral circling after unilateral intranigral injection. This behavior lasted for 60-90 min, depending on the different enkephalins used. As already reported by Iwamoto and Way18 morphine also produced contralateral circling when injected into the SN. The circling evoked by all these opiates was completely antagonized by 5 mg/kg of naltrexone s.c. In order to study the role of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system, we made unilateral lesions of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and kainic acid lesions of the striatum and we looked at the effect elicited by these lesions on the behavior produced by the above compounds when injected into the SN. The lesion of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system failed to affect either the number of turns or the duration of the contralateral circling produced by unilateral injections of morphine, dynorphin and enkephalin analogs into the SN correspondent to the lesioned side. On the other hand kainate lesions of the body of the caudate potentiated the turning induced by intra-SN morphine and dynorphin. Therefore it appears that the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system is not essential in the expression of the contraversive turning behavior produced by intranigral injections of endogenous opiates or morphine and that opiates might produce dopamine-like effects indirectly, through the inhibition of nigral non-dopaminergic output neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Skin pathology in industrial workers exposed to synthetic corticosteroids.

Systemic and cutaneous side effects observed in some workers of a company producing synthetic corticosteroids are described. The production process and the results of clinical and laboratory investigations are shown. A high incidence of skin and internal disorders (erythema, telangiectasia, acne, purpuric lesions and inhibition of the pituitary-adrenal axis) were found.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

Hyper IgE syndrome: four case report.

Patients with hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) have varying degree of immunological unbalance that account for deficiency of total T and OKT8 lymphocytes. To investigate the role of immunostimulating drugs in HIES, thymostimulin (TP1) and levamisole were given in highly controlled groups of patients after a wash out period with disodium-chromoglycate (DSCG). Both drugs do not modify clinical picture whereas they do modulate some laboratory parameters as T lymphocyte total number, IgE plasmatic concentration, neutrophil chemotaxis. Furthermore TP1 had a worsening clinical effect in 3 of our patients. In our opinion we feel that the therapies proposed and employed so far for this rare disease must be critically analyzed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Interhemispheric transmission of information in manual and verbal reaction-time tasks.

In principle, interhemispheric transmission time can be assessed in normal man by measuring simple reaction time (RT) to lateralized light stimuli. Two paradigms have usually been employed: (1) a manual RT paradigm, whereby interhemispheric transfer time is equated with the difference between ipsilateral and contralateral responses, and (2) a vocal RT paradigm whereby interhemispheric transmission time is equated with a right field/left hemisphere advantage. Experiment I demonstrated the expected systematic advantage of the ipsilateral over the contralateral manual responses, but failed to show a right field advantage for four types of verbal responses, including two monosyllabic and two bisyllabic words. The RT of a blowing response was also equal for the two visual fields. In Experiment II the same words that had failed to yield a right field advantage in Experiment I were used for discriminating between digits presented in the right and left visual fields. Digits were discriminated by naming or by association with a given word. In both tasks RT was significantly faster for right field presentations, and the advantage over the left field was about 5 ms. In Experiment III verbal and manual RTs were measured in a task involving the discrimination between single and double light stimuli presented in the right and left visual fields. There was a nonsignificant advantage for the right field, which was equal for manual and verbal responses. It is concluded that the right field superiority observed with verbal stimuli is due to the processing of the input, and is independent of the verbal or non-verbal nature of the output.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗