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Biomedical subjects

M Moriarty

Publications and source records attributed to M Moriarty.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Hypercalcitoninaemia in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid and other malignancies: value of calcitonin as tumour marker.

Elevated plasma calcitonin was detected by radioimmunoassay in 19 of 99 unselected cancer patients (19%). The frequency of hypercalcitoninaemia in patients with tumours of lung, uterus, gastrointestinal tract, and urinary bladder was about 40%, in carcinoma of the breast 18%, and in carcinoma of the skin 4%. In 8 patients with bone metastases, 4 were hypercalcitoninaemic. None of 19 patients with non-malignant disorders had elevated plasma calcitonin. The highest plasma calcitonin level in cancer patients was 8200 ng/l. Urinary cyclic AMP was elevated in patients with hypercalcitoninaemia as compared with patients with normal plasma calcitonin. All 6 patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid had very high plasma calcitonin levels: more than 50000 ng/l in five and 30000 ng/l in one patient. Of the family members of these patients, raised plasma calcitonin was detected after stimulation with oral alcohol in 6 of 12. It is concluded that plasma calcitonin levels in excess of 10000 ng/l suggest the presence of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, while levels below 10000 ng/l have a poor diagnostic value but should alert the clinician to look for a possible malignancy.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1981

A case-control study of head and neck cancer in the Republic of Ireland.

A retrospective case-control study of 200 patients with head and neck cancer, and 200 controls matched for age and sex, confirmed the importance of tobacco and alcohol consumption in the aetiology of malignant tumours of the upper gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tracts. A male-female ratio of 3:1 was found, and the association of smoking with laryngeal cancer and of alcohol with cancer of the tongue was particularly strong. A significant excess of alcohol-related occupations was found among the cases. These findings are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The radiobiological response of the thyroid. Part II: Response of sheep thyroid cell in vitro to single doses of X rays.

The response of sheep thyroid cells in culture to single doses of X or gamma rays is described. In the absence of cellular proliferation the cells are unusually radioresistant, showing little sign of interphase death at doses up to 9 krad. The follicular morphology characteristic of thyroid cells in vivo is also very radioresistant. Iodide trapping is reduced to 50% of the control value by doses of the order of 2 krad. When proliferation is induced the cells may be assayed for postirradiation survival using a clonogenic endpoint. The survival curves are sigmoid with a Do of 410 rad and a very low extrapolation number.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A radioprotective effect of vitamin C observed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Vitamin C at high concentrations was found to inhibit the growth of CHO clone A cells in culture. It had a radioprotective effect, giving a maximum increase in cell survival of a factor of seven under the experimental conditions used. The protective effect was mainly but not exclusively attributable to an increase in the Do, the maximum increase observed being the order of 1.4.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1977

Urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic (homovanillic) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic (vanillylmandelic) acids: gas-liquid chromatographic methods and experience with 13 cases of neuroblastoma.

We present a quantitative gas-chromatographic method for determining urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid (vanillylmandelic acid) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (homovanillic acid). In this rapid technique an internal standard is used and the procedure involves ether extraction and silyl ether formation. Analytical recovery of vanillylmandelic acid averages 87.5% (CV, 0.95%), of homovanillic acid 102.3% (CV, 9.95%). Our data on 34 samples from 13 neuroblastoma patients show that homovanillic acid is more consistently elevated than is vanillylmandelic acid.

Child↗
PubMed1975

The effect of stress on the cytology and immunocytochemistry of pars intermedia cells in the rat pituitary.

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were ultrastructural and immunocytochemical changes in intermediate lobe cells following stress. We found marked cytological changes in intermediate lobe cells after 30 min of stress with a buzzer and stroboscopic light (neurogenic). Following such treatment, the cytoplasm was filled with pale graules or empty vesicles. There was cytological evidence of increased secretory and synthetic activity. Innunocytochemical staining (for 17-39-ATCH) revelaed that there were fewer stained granules per cell in such rats although the individual granules stained as strongly as those in control rats. No cytological changes were observed following ether stress. These results correlated well with our bioassay and radioimmunoassay data which showed that only neurogenic stress resulted in depletion of ACTH from neuro-intermediate lobes (1). In agreement with the work of others, we found no obvious cytological changes in intermediate lobes from adrenalectomized or cortisol treated rats wheras anterior lobe ACTH cells hypertrophied following adrenalectomy and involuted following cortisol treatment. Anterior lobe ACTH cells from intact rats showed no degranulation following 30 min of buzzer stress or after 2 min of ether stress.

Adrenal Glands↗