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Biomedical subjects

M Murase

Publications and source records attributed to M Murase.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A longitudinal study of disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in women with progestin-negative functional hypothalamic amenorrhea.

OBJECTIVE: To longitudinally evaluate disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in women with secondary progestin-negative hypothalamic amenorrhea. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan. PATIENT(S): Twenty-four women with progestin-negative hypothalamic amenorrhea. INTERVENTION(S): Administration of human corticotropin-releasing hormone (hCRH) and treatment with a combination of estrogen and progesterone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Plasma cortisol and ACTH concentrations and period required for recovery from amenorrhea. RESULT(S): Plasma ACTH concentrations 30 and 60 minutes after injection of hCRH and the percent maximum increment (%Cmax) of ACTH were significantly lower in the amenorrheic patients compared with the control group patients. The basal cortisol was significantly higher, and the %Cmax of cortisol was significantly lower. In the 16 patients who recovered from amenorrhea, there was a significant positive correlation (Y = 1.93X-10.8, r = 0.629) between the basal cortisol concentrations (X) and the period for recovery (Y). The serum E2 gradually increased before recovery, and this E2 increase was preceded by changes in the plasma cortisol concentration and the %Cmax values of cortisol and ACTH. CONCLUSION(S): The CRH test might be useful for evaluating the roles of stress and for estimating the period required for recovery in hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed2001

[Evaluation of immunochromatography method for rapid detection of Shigatoxin].

The Shigatoxin detection kit based on the immunochromatography system is commercially available. To obtain the identification result rapidly, we devised the improved method (ICG-Imp) replaced to an original method (ICG). Modification provided that Shigatoxins extracted directly from the strains grown on TSI medium without centrifugation. ICG-Imp was compared with ICG, RPLA and PCR. Comparing with RPLA, the sensitivity, specificity, and concordance rate of Shigatoxin 1 showed 77.5, 100 and 90.5%, respectively on ICG, 93.8, 100 and 97.4%, respectively on ICG-Imp, and 100, 99.1 and 99.5%, respectively on PCR. On the other hand, the patterns of Shigatoxin 2 showed 95.3, 100 and 96.3%, respectively on ICG, 100, 100, and 100%, respectively on ICG-Imp, and 100, 100 and 100%, respectively on PCR. The time required from TSI medium to the final result are 24 h, 30-60 min, 48 h, and 6 h, respectively by ICG, ICG-Imp, RPLA, and PCR. It seems that the ICG-Imp is recommended for the identification by means of the accuracy and rapidness.

Centrifugation↗
PubMed2001

[Surveillance of various enteropathogenic bacteria from diarrheal cases during 1989-1999 in Kobe City].

Incidence of various enteropathogenic bacteria was examined from diarrheal faecal samples that were collected from the patients of Kobe City General Hospital and some station hospitals (23,862), and from overseas travelers (2,855) over a period of decade (1989-1999) in Kobe. A total of 1,580 strains were isolated from domestic and 331 strains from overseas travelers. The results are as follows. 1) Thirteen kinds of enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from domestic diarrheal cases (6.6%). Salmonella was the most predominant bacteria followed by Campylobacter, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Shigella. 2) Eleven kinds of enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from overseas diarrheal travelers (11.6%). The most frequently isolated species was Salmonella, followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Shigella and Plesiomonas shigelloides. 3) Of Salmonella strains isolated from domestic and overseas diarrheal cases, serovar Enteritidis was the most predominant. Other frequent serovars in both cases were Typhimurium, Tennessee, Hadar, Infantis, Blockley and Montevideo. 4) Antibiotics resistant rate of the isolated Salmonella strains was 42.6% for domestic samples and 29.3% for overseas diarrheal cases. In domestic cases. Enteritidis was resistance to streptomycin only and the multiple antibiotic resistance was observed in Typhimurium serovars. In overseas samples, the multiple antibiotic resistance was seen in a few Typhimurium, Anatum and Blockley strains. 5) Among Shigella, S. sonnei was isolated from both domestic and overseas cases. The frequency of acquiring infection was the highest in India, followed by Indonesia, Thailand and Nepal. 6) With reference to the incidence of the members of the genus Vibrio, Aeromonas and Plesiomonas, V. parahaemolyticus were abundant from domestic samples where as V. parahaemolyticus, P. shigelloides, Vibrio cholerae non-O1 and Vibrio cholerae O1 were isolated more frequently from overseas samples. The frequency of acquiring infection was the highest in Thailand, followed by Indonesia and India.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2001

Improved preparation of sulfur substituted 3-vinylpyrrole and its application to the syntheses of chuangxinmycin derivatives.

Sulfur substituted 3-vinylpyrrole 10 was prepared from 3-thio-acetylpyrrole 9 by alkylation with alkyl halide in the presence of propylene oxide. Functionalized 4-alkylthioindoles were made by Diels-Alder reaction of the 3-vinylpyrrole 10 with dienophiles. Chuangxinmycin analogues were synthesized by using some of the functionalized 4-alkylthioindoles as key intermediates.

Acylation↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical significance of serum LpA-I levels measured by immunoturbidimetric assay in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients].

Previously, we developed an immunoturbidimetric assay method for lipoprotein A-I(LpA-I) on sera pre-absorbed with anti-apolipoprotein A-II. In the present study, correlations between serum lipoprotein A-I and other serum parameters levels were examined and LpA-I levels were studied in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The serum levels of LpA-I did not correlate with those of diabetic markers such as fasted blood glucose, glycohemoglobin(HbA1c) and fructosamine, but correlated well with the levels of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol, phospholipids, apolipoprotein A-I and seemed to correlate inversely with arteriosclerosis index. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, LpA-I levels were significantly lower than those in normal subjects. Especially, LpA-I levels of patients with diabetic complications were significantly lower than those in normal subjects and non-complicated diabetic patients. Then, the measurement of LpA-I levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was considered to be useful for prevention and management of arteriosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Perspective of laboratory examination system for infectious disease].

The primary goal of the clinical microbiology laboratory is to provide accurate diagnostic testing and high-quality, rapidly, anytime service at the lowest cost for its customers. In regard to beginning microbiological test as one of emergency test system, the agreement among laboratory staff and the communication with practical conference among clinical divisions are needed, especially about 1. Place and time for receive, 2. Methods of handling and store, 3. Ordering system and information about patients, 4. Selection of items and method, 5. Reporting system and 6. Decision of laboratory staff. As items of microbiological test on this system, smear test, immunoserological test and auto-blood culture equipment are needed. According to the new law of infectious disease, laboratory system should be established in the cases of outbreak. As for the inexperienced cases of import infection, network system of information should be practically used.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed2000

Ca2+ dynamics at the frog motor nerve terminal.

Rises in free [Ca2+]i in response to various tetanic stimuli (Ca2+ transient) in frog motor nerve terminals were measured by recording fluorescence changes of Ca2+ indicators and analyzed in relation to short-term synaptic plasticity. Ca2+ transients reached a plateau after 10-20 impulses at 100 Hz and decayed in a three-exponential manner, in which the fast component was predominant. The plateau and fast component of the Ca2+ transient were elevated infralinearly with an increase in tetanus frequency. Computer simulation showed that the Ca2+ transients estimated from fluorescence changes faithfully reflect the true changes in [Ca2+]i except for the initial 20 ms. A slow Ca2+ chelator, EGTA, loaded into the nerve terminal, decreased the magnitude of both the fast and slow components of facilitation of transmitter release and the time constant of the former. A fast Ca2+ chelator, BAPTA, decreased the magnitude of fast facilitation but slightly increased its time constant. These results suggest that Ca2+ transients in the frog motor nerve terminals are primarily caused by Ca2+ entry and are dissipated by three components, in which the rate of the fast component is equivalent to that of free Ca2+ diffusion. The residual Ca2+ in the nerve terminals after stimulation accounts for the fast component of facilitation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Glycated apolipoprotein A-I assay by combination of affinity chromatography and latex immunoagglutination.

The degree of glycation of plasma apolipoprotein A-I was measured by a combination of gel filtration, boronate affinity chromatography and latex immunoagglutination. The plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein A-I determined by this combination method (y) correlated well with those determined by turbidimetric immunoassay (x) (y=1.12x + 1.9, r=0.964). The inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation in the glycated apolipoprotein A-I assay were 4.1-5.0% and 4.0-4.4%, respectively. Interference from plasma glucose at concentrations up to 55.1 mmol/L was eliminated by gel filtration. Labile glycated apolipoprotein A-I did not interfere with the measurement of glycated apolipoprotein A-I. Reference values for glycated apolipoprotein A-I were determined to be 2.4-4.0% (n=140), with no significant difference between men and women. The mean concentration of plasma glycated apolipoprotein A-I in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (5.11%) was significantly higher than in normal subjects (3.12%, P<0.001). The method is simple, rapid and highly sensitive for determination of the glycation level of plasma apolipoprotein A-I.

Agglutination↗
PubMed2000

A new concise synthesis of arcyriacyanin A and its unique inhibitory activity against a panel of human cancer cell line.

The nucleophilic addition reaction of N-tosyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindole (12) with the lithium salt of 1-methoxyindole (5), followed by dehydration with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) gave the derivative of 2,4'-bi-1H-indole (9) which provides a new concise synthetic method of an indole pigment of the slime mould, arcyriacyanin A. The compound was first demonstrated here to have unique inhibitory activity to a panel of human cancer cell lines and to inhibit protein kinase C and protein tyrosine kinase.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed2000

[Treatment by corticosteroid and plasma exchange in 5 cases of renal cholesterol embolic disease].

Cholesterol arterial embolization is a systemic disease resulting from cholesterol crystal embolization to multiple organs, including the kidney, skin, brain, eye, gastrointestinal tract and extremities. In general, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality, but no optimal treatment has yet been developed. In this paper, we report five patients with cholesterol atheroembolic renal failure. In three of the five patients, combined therapy with corticosteroids and plasma exchange was performed. The three patients survived. On the other hand, the two remaining patients died of multifactorial causes. In this report, the literature on steroid therapy for cholesterol atheroembolic renal disease is reviewed and the efficacy of combined therapy by use of corticosteroids and plasma exchange is evaluated.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2000

[A case of Chinese herbs nephropathy in which the progression of renal dysfunction was slowed by steroid therapy].

The patients was a 43-year-old woman whose chief complaints were nausea and heaviness of the heads. There was a history of toxemia of pregnancy. The patient had previously taken Tenshin Tokishigyaku-ka-goshuyu-shokyo-to for two years because of cold sensitivity. Fever, thirst, and loss of appetite developed from approximately 18 months after she started treatment with the Chinese herbal preparation, and she presented at our outpatient clinic 2.5 years later. On initial examination, deterioration of renal function was evident and the serum creatinine level was 3.4 mg/dl. A renal biopsy specimen showed marked interstitial fibrosis without inflammatory cell infiltration, leading to the diagnosis of Chinese herbs nephropathy (CHN). Steroid therapy was started on the 36th hospital day after a sharp rise in the serum creatinine level to 5.1 mg/dl. This resulted in the rapid improvement of renal function and reduction of the serum creatinine to 2.6 mg/dl by 8 weeks after the initiation of treatment. In a study on the use of steroids for patients with progressive moderate renal dysfunction caused by Chinese herbs, Vanherweghem et al. reported that the progression of renal failure was appreciably slowed in patients given steroids when compared with the control group. We were also able to slow the progression of renal dysfunction in our patient by steroid therapy, although the prognosis of CHN is generally considered to be very poor.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Repair of leaking postinfarction ventricular septal defect under circulatory arrest via left thoracotomy.

We treated a 60-year-old woman for postinfarction ventricular septal defect (VSD) and closed it by the infarction exclusion method. Postoperatively she was complicated by Candida sternal mediastinitis and residual shunt of VSD. After her sternal infection came under control we repaired the leaking VSD via left thoracotomy under hypothermic circulatory arrest. She recovered well and repair of the leaking VSD under circulatory arrest via left thoracotomy seemed to be a safe and promising alternative for VSD repair.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation↗
PubMed1999

Structure of mouse calpastatin isoforms: implications of species-common and species-specific alternative splicing.

Mouse calpastatin cDNAs were cloned by the method of RT-PCR using RNA isolated from myoblast C2C12 cells. Nucleotide sequencing of the isolated clones revealed an in-frame ATG codon upstream of the previously assigned translation initiation methionine. Except for the N-terminal segment, the new translatable region (domain XL) was similar to the sequence of bovine calpastatin in which domain XL was first identified. Among the isolated mouse calpastatin cDNA clones, three isoforms (mCS-a, mCS-b, and mCS-c) were identified. In domain L, mCS-b had a deletion of the region corresponding to exon 3 of the human calpastatin gene. RT-PCR analyses of various mouse tissues revealed that mCS-b was the major form and that the content of mCS-a, nondeleted form, was 5-10% in tissues including skeletal muscle, liver, brain, etc. and about 30% in the myoblast C2C12 cells. Unlike human and rat cDNAs, no other deletions were detected in mouse calpastatin domain L. Isolation of the cDNA clone of mCS-c, which lacked regions corresponding to exons 3 and 12, was obtained by chance because its expression level was under the detectable level in the mouse tissues and even in C2C12 cells.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed1999

A complete deficiency of coagulation factor XIII A-subunit due to a novel compound heterozygote of Ser 413 Leu missense and an nt 389 (ins G) frameshift mutation.

Coagulation factor XIII consists of two A- and two B-subunits, and either gene mutation can cause a complete deficiency. In a newborn patient with persistent bleeding from the umbilical cord stump, the plasma A-subunit protein was not detectable. Direct PCR sequencing revealed an nt 389 (ins G) frameshift mutation in exon 4 resulting in a new stop codon and a Ser 413 Leu missense mutation in exon 10 in either allele. His mother and father were heterozygous for the nt 389 (ins G) and the Ser 413 Leu, respectively, with about 50% reduction of the plasma A-subunit proteins. In all family members examined only those with either mutation showed the reduced subunit A protein levels. Thus, this complete deficiency of factor XIII was due to a novel compound heterozygous mutation in the A-subunit gene.

DNA Transposable Elements↗
PubMed1999

Characterization of CD4+ CD8alphaalpha+ and CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in rats.

Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-IEL) of aged rats comprise CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ and CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ T cells expressing TCR alphabeta. In the present study, we compared characteristics between CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ and CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL, which were purified by a cell sorter from the i-IEL of 6-month-old Lewis rats. Most of the CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL were of the CD44(hlgh) phenotype, while CD4-CD8alphabeta+ i-IEL were CD44(low). Vbeta usage in the CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL was much diversified, while CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL showed a skewed Vbeta repertoire. The CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL but not the CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL proliferated in response to syngeneic spleen cells, which was partially inhibited by addition of anti-MHC class I mAb. The CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL produced IFN-gamma and IL-2 but no IL-4 or transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in response to syngeneic spleen cells, while CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL produced abundant levels of TGF-beta but no IL-2, IFN-gamma or IL-4. CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL proliferated in response to exogenous IL-2 but not to IL-15, while CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL could respond to IL-15 as well as IL-2. These results suggest that a significant fraction of CD4+CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL belongs to Th1-type T cells capable of responding to self-MHC class I, while CD4-CD8alphaalpha+ i-IEL are a unique population with a diversified Vbeta repertoire that respond to IL-15 in rats.

Aging↗