Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Musiani.
Small amounts of cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody were detected in the urine of renal transplant patients excreting the virus. The antibody was probably produced locally, as a result of active CMV infection of the urinary tract.
The Limulus amebocyte lysate test has shown a good agreement with the results of cultural methods for the detection of gram-negative bacteriuria. In particular this test would seem promising in the examination of urine samples where the presence of antibacterial substances makes unreliable the results obtained by conventional cultural techniques.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Analytical chemiluminescence and bioluminescence represent a versatile, ultrasensitive tool with a wide range of applications in diverse fields such as biotechnology, pharmacology, molecular biology, clinical and environmental chemistry. Enzyme activities and enzyme substrates and inhibitors can be efficiently determined when directly involved in luminescent reactions, and also when they take part in a reaction suitable for coupling to a final light-emitting reaction. Chemiluminescence detection has been exploited in the fields of flow-injection analysis and column-liquid chromatographic and capillary-electrophoretic separative systems, due to its high sensitivity when compared with colorimetric detection. It has widely been used as an indicator of reactive oxygen species formation in cells and whole organs, thus allowing the study of a number of pathophysiological conditions related to oxidative stress. Chemiluminescence represents a sensitive and rapid alternative to radioactivity as a detection principle in immunoassays for the determination of a wide range of molecules (hormones, food additives, environmental pollutants) and in filter membrane biospecific reactions (Southern, Northern, Western, dot blot) for the determination of nucleic acids and proteins. Chemiluminescence has also been used for the sensitive and specific localization and quantitation of target analytes in tissue sections and single cells by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques. A relatively recent application regards the use of luminescent reporter genes for the development of bioassays based on genetically engineered microorganisms or mammalian cells able to emit visible light in response to specific inorganic and organic compounds. Finally, the high detectability and rapidity of bio- and chemiluminescent detection make it suitable for the development of microarray-based high throughput screening assays, in which simultaneous, multianalyte detection is performed on multiple samples.
Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) is the causative agent of infectious erythema. In healthy children the virus causes transient erythroid aplasia, whereas in children with chronic hemolytic anemias it can cause severe aplastic crises, and in immunodeficient individuals it can produce chronic red cell aplasia. If contracted during pregnancy, the infection may induce serious damage to the fetus (abortion or hydrops fetalis). Shwachman-Diamond (S-D) syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive condition, consists of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency plus neutropenia; many patients develop either anemia or thrombocytopenia or both. We describe a newborn baby with severe congenital bone marrow failure who was diagnosed with S-D syndrome and persistence of PVB19 virus contracted by the mother in the third trimester of pregnancy.
In this paper are reported the results of a comparative study of 4 "NAG" vibrio strains isolated in Italy and the vibrio biotype "E1 Tor" responsible of the 1973 outbreak. The "NAG" vibrios were practically identical with the "E1 Tor" vibrio in biochemical properties, polypeptide composition, enteritogenic activity in rabbit ileal loops and showed various antigenic similarities in gel precipitation and indirect immunofluorescence tests. The possible pathogenic role of the "NAG" vibrios is briefly discussed.