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Biomedical subjects

M N Lebedeva

Publications and source records attributed to M N Lebedeva.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
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[Early nutrition support for intestinal insufficiency syndrome in spine surgery].

Paresis of the gastrointestinal tract resulting in the intestinal insufficiency syndrome (IIS) is a postoperative risk factor in spinal surgery. One hundred and twenty patients with fractures at L1-L2 spine level, isthmic spondylolisthesis, osteochondrosis and with sever neurological symptoms were examined and treated. The intestinal motor-evacuation malfunction, hypermetabolism, microbial translocation and immunity impairments are observed in IIS. Early nutritional support is indicated for the IIS prevention and treatment. Enteral feeding with new balanced mixtures containing fibers is effective.

Adult↗
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[Characteristics of anesthesiological support in vertebral surgery].

Vertebral operations are highly traumatic, prolonged and can cause significant blood loss, which requires effective anesthesiological defense. Inclusion of clofelin, a stress protector, into the anesthesiological provision scheme is an effective way of potentiating the protection of a patient from surgical stress. The development of neurological disorders is a severest complication during surgical interventions in vertebral surgery. The task that is important for a surgeon and an anesthesiologist in performing such operations is the maximum early recovery of patients from anesthesia and their muscular activity in the postoperative period in order to make a timely evaluation of their neurological status. The hypnotics propofol and dormicum and the myorelaxant nimbex were included into an anesthesiological provision program in 210 patients during surgical treatment of vertebral orthopedic pathology. The study indicated that the use of propofol and dormicum permitted a postanesthetic rapid recovery of patients from anesthesia without undesirable side effects. The myorelaxant nimbex is highly controlled, shows a clear dose-effect relationship, and produces a rapid recovery of neuromuscular conduction, which makes it possible to establish a timely diagnosis of neurological disorders.

Adolescent↗
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[The search for new antiparasitic agents. 8. The synthesis and study of the acute toxicity, anti-alveolar hydatid and antihymenolepiasis activity of 1-alkyl-4[4-(heterylamino)phenyl]piperazines].

The synthesis and the acute toxicity and anticestodal activity of l-alkyl-4-[-(heterylamino)phenyl]-piperazines are presented. These compounds were found to be able to suppress the growth of larvocysts of Echinococcus multilocularis in cotton rats when injected intraperitoneally in a single dose of 0.25 g/kg, close to capacity of mebendazole. The tested compounds were also highly effective against the adult stage of Hymenolepis nana. Experimentally infected mice given an oral single dose of 0.2-0.5 g/kg of the drug were radically cured.

Animals↗
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[The structure and anthelmintic action of tricyclic analogs of praziquantel and 4-acylpiperazinones-2].

The toxicity and anthelminthic activity of the earlier synthetized tricyclic analogues of praziquantel and 4-acylpiperazinones-2 have been studied. Tricyclic compounds have shown the acute toxicity similar to that of praziquantel and neurotoxic effect typical of praziquantel. 4-acylpiperazinones-2 toxicity correlated with their anthelminthic effect. The determination of anthelminthic activity of the above compounds in opisthorchiasis and hymenolepiasis has shown that they are less effective than praziquantel or have no anthelminthic activity. A biological activity-structure relationship has been traced in the compounds under study.

Animals↗
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[The search for new antiparasitic agents. 9. The anthelmintic activity of halogen-containing sulfonamidobenzamides].

The results of preclinical trials of 28 new compounds of haloid-containing sulfamidobenzamides with low toxicity are presented. The trials on a hymenolepiasis model showed that effectiveness of N-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-2/(3-nitro-4-chlorophenyl) sulfonylamino/-5-bromobenzamide was similar to that of the well-known drug niclosamide. In the trials on an opisthorchiasis model, 2 compounds were shown to be highly effective, and on a trichocephaliasis model 5 compounds showed a high activity.

Animals↗
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[The search for new antiparasitic agents. 3. The synthesis of haloid-containing sulfonamidobenzamides with a benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole radical in the sulfonamide group and a study of their acute toxicity].

Sulfamidobenzamides containing benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole ring in the sulfamide group were synthesized and examined for acute toxicity. All the compounds were shown to have low toxicity (when administered orally in a dose of 4 g/kg to mice), the above fact makes possible the search for agents with anthelminthic activity.

Animals↗
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[Achievements in the search for and creation of Soviet anthelmintic agents].

Basic achievements in the creation of antinematodal, anticestodal and antitrematodal agents are reviewed chronologically. It is shown that the search was performed mainly among the derivatives of benzimidazole, cyclic amidines, diphenylmethane, salicyl anilides, pyrazine isoquinolines, among natural products of avermictines and milbemicines. It is noted that nowadays there is every possibility for the treatment of mass helminthiases in the USSR. However, it has been found that some drugs are associated with a certain risk and therefore the necessity for further search of safe anthelminthic agents has been emphasized.

Anthelmintics↗
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[The search for new antiparasitic agents. 1. The synthesis and study of the acute toxicity of new halogen-containing benzamides].

The paper presents the results of toxicological study of 44 compounds of the benzamide series synthesized during search for new anthelminthic agents. The dependence of the toxic effect of the benzamides synthesized on their structure is analysed. The experiments were carried out on white mice given the compounds under study once orally. The maximum tolerated doses of the compounds are presented. It has been found that 34 out of 44 compounds have a low toxicity and are worth of further anthelminthic screening.

Animals↗
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[Prediction of the acute toxicity of benzimidazole compounds by the electron structure of their molecules].

The relationship between acute toxicity of benzimidazole series compounds and electron structure of molecules was followed by using the method of potential functions, the method of basic components and the CHARM programme. The principal possibility of predicting toxicity of various derivatives of this class by electron structure of their molecules was shown. The fragment method of the assessment of characteristics in the range of CNDO/2 approximation permitting the quality of prognosis of 86-93% is proposed.

Algorithms↗
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[Activation of arachidonic acid metabolism--a protective reaction of the body during irradiation and combined radiation-thermal damage].

Metabolic activity of arachidonic acid cascade enzymes in rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes sharply rises during the first day of irradiation, decreases at the highest mortality period, and is restored at later times. The inhibitors of the activity of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase and the release of arachidonic acid have been shown to increase the mortality rate and to decrease the average lifetime of rats exposed to ionizing radiation and a mixture of radiation and heat.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ability of bacteria living in the sea for the biosynthesis of fibrinolytic enzymes].

Biosynthesis of fibrinolytic enzymes was studied in bacteria isolated from sea water (the Black Sea, the Balearic Sea, the Caribbean Sea) and from different habitats (water, detritus, fish intestines). Strains with the highest fibrinolytic activity belonged to the Bacillus genus and were isolated from mineral detritus and ruff intestines in the Black Sea. A procedure was developed for the isolation of enzyme preparations with a high specific fibrinolytic activity and a low caseinolytic activity.

Animals↗