[An ectopic endocrine syndrome with diabetes insipidus in a child with a Wilms' tumor].
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Child, Preschool↗
Biomedical subjects
M N Ostroumova
Publications and source records attributed to M N Ostroumova.
[Age-related changes in the reaction of the adrenal cortex to surgical stress in cancer patients].
11-Oxycorticosteroids levels were determined in 371 patients with breast, stomach and rectal cancer in the process of surgical treatment. More pronounced reaction of the adrenal cortex to surgical stress and/or time-delayed restoration of the hormone level within the next few days were found in older patients. Resistance to inhibition by dexamethasone in stomach cancer patients was accompanied by elevated cortisol levels during operation. It is concluded that age-related decrease in hypothalamo-pituitary complex sensitivity to inhibition by corticosteroids may be a cause of hypercortisolemia in the course of surgery.
11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
[Indicators of the dexamethasone test in patients with affective disorders after administration of neuro- and psychotropic drugs].
A study was made of the effect of the antidepressants desmethylimipramine, mianserin, befol, alpha-adrenoblockers of pyrroxane, phentolamine as well as tryptophan, clonidine, propranolol, salbutamol, and the benzodiazepine tranquilizer phenazepam on the dexamethasone test (DMT). The drugs possessing antidepressive effect in nonsuppressors improved the parameters of the DMT at the expense of decreasing the postdexamethasone level of cortisol while the serotonin-positive drugs tryptophan and befol did not produce any effect on the predexamethasone level of cortisol whereas mianserin, desmethylimipramine, pyrroxane and phentolamine slightly reduced the predexamethasone level of cortisol, influencing to a greater degree the postdexamethasone level. In suppressors, the serotonin-positive drugs deteriorated the parameters of the test whereas the agents affecting the adrenergic transmission did not change it. Phenazepam materially lowered the level of cortisol in suppressors and nonsuppressors. It is concluded that the antidepressive action is realized via the serotoninergic systems and alpha-adrenoreceptors.
Adolescent↗
[Multifactorial analysis of the effect of metabolic and endocrine factors on cellular immunity in patients with cancer of the uterine body].
Multifactorial analysis of effects of metabolic and endocrine determinants of the host and morphology of the tumor on cellular immunity has been undertaken in 29 patients with cancer of the corpus uteri. Several regression models obtained using the Hocking-Leslie method demonstrated significant effects of age, obesity, triglyceride levels, morphologic differentiation of the tumor and magnitude of invasion on various levels of cellular immunity, presenting as an increase in T-helper and decrease in suppressor counts. The multifactorial analysis depicted additive effects of endocrine homeostatic determinants and the tumor on different aspects of cellular immunity in cancer of the corpus uteri.
Age Factors↗
[Body weight, blood lipids, blood cortisol and prognosis of patients with cancer of the large intestine and breast].
Survival was evaluated in 121 patients with breast cancer and 114 with colorectal tumors versus overweight, body surface, preoperative blood-cholesterol level, cholesterol fraction profile and blood-triglyceride and -11-hydroxycorticosteroid levels. Survival was assessed by actuarial method. In breast cancer patients, prognosis inversely correlated with overweight and preoperative blood-cholesterol level whereas in colorectal cancer--with preoperative blood-triglyceride level, and--in males--with those of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids. The prognostic significance of cancrophilia factors in cancer as well as differences in said significance for colorectal and breast tumors are discussed.
11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
[Characteristics of the hormonal metabolic status of patients with colonic and rectal cancer].
Peculiarities of hormone-metabolic status in patients with cancer of the rectum and colon consist of 1) symptoms of cancrophilia, 2) disturbances of enteric endocrine system and 3) properties of the tumour tissue, determining first of all its hormone sensitivity. Determination of steroid hormone (estrogens and progesterone) receptors does not appear a sufficiently informative criterion of colorectal cancer tissue hormone sensitivity; the adenylate cyclase reaction to the hormonal stimulators is more informative in this respect. The data obtained may be useful in the working out of adjuvant therapy methods in cancer of colon and rectum (including hormonotherapy and metabolic rehabilitation).
Adult↗
Preliminary evidence on metabolic rehabilitation of cancer patients.
Pathways of metabolic rehabilitation of cancer patients are discussed. The effectiveness of a long-term carbohydrate, fat and cholesterol restricted diet and hypolipidemic and antidiabetic medication for breast, gastric and colorectal cancers was demonstrated for the first time. The results of gastro-intestinal cancer treatment were especially encouraging. Metabolic rehabilitation chiefly resulted in a lower frequency of metastatic spread. Also, its effect was seen in a rarer primary multiple tumor development. The results make a case for further development of investigations in normalizing fat-carbohydrate metabolism as adjuvant therapy for cancer in postoperative period.
Adult↗
[Immunological and hormono-metabolic indices in trophoblastic disease].
Certain immunologic and hormono-metabolic indexes were studied in patients with hydatidiform mole and uterine choriocarcinoma. Changes in T- and B-lymphocyte ratio were observed: B-lymphocyte levels were abnormally high in hydatidiform mole while those of T-lymphocytes-low in choriocarcinoma. Blastogenic response of lymphocytes in trophoblastic disease matched the mean values in healthy females. No pronounced metabolic changes were registered in cases of trophoblastic disease (who are generally young). It was concluded that cellular immunity suppression is not associated with fat-carbohydrate metabolism disturbances in hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma of the uterus.
Adult↗
[Use of the dexamethasone test in the differential diagnosis of depressive states].
The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was conducted in 194 patients. Criteria of the DST estimation included the degree of suppression of 1-HOCS and the post-dexamethasone levels of HOCS. The results of the DST were correlated with the efficacy of the subsequent therapy. The test evidenced pathology in 79% of patients with the preliminary diagnosis of "endogenous depression" and in 94.5% of those patients of this group who were later successfully treated with antidepressants. In patients showing some response to anxiolytics the DST was abnormal in 40%. In 37 patients with anxiety depression the DST was combined with the diazepam test. The results permitted reliable differentiation between "endogenic depression with anxiety" and "endogenic anxiety with a depressive mood" and the prognosis. In cases of reactive depression the DST was abnormal only in 12% of patients. Both criteria of the DST assessment are compared, and the percentage of suppression is considered as preferable.
11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
[Characteristics of dyslipidemia in cancer patients].
Blood concentrations of total cholesterol, cholesterol of very high density lipoproteins (alpha-cholesterol), triglycerides, beta-lipoproteins and 11-hydroxycorticosteroids were studied in 560 patients with rectal, colon, lung, ovarian, breast and endometrial cancer as well as in 238 controls. Patients with breast and rectal cancer were examined before and repeatedly after operation (every 6-12 months within 4-5 years). The blood concentration of total cholesterol was found to be elevated in breast cancer patients and controls with fibroadenomatosis and decreased in females with ovarian cancer and males with lung cancer. The level of blood alpha-cholesterol was decreased in males with all tumor localizations under study and in females with ovarian and rectal cancer. The concentration of triglycerides was increased in women patients only. Three possible causes of dyslipidemia in cancer patients are discussed: its development before tumor manifestation, the effect of tumor on the metabolic status of the host and the role of emotional stress in the increase of triglycerides level in the blood of primary cancer patients.
11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
Changes in the adaptive system in ageing and cancer.
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11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
Age-dependent metabolic immunodepression and cancer.
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Age Factors↗
[Relation of blood lipids and insulin to body fat content, body surface area and state of the subcutaneous fatty tissue in patients with breast and lung cancer].
The study was concerned with an evaluation of the results of examination of 203 breast and 158 lung cancer patients. Such constitutional features as excessive body weight, body fat level and body surface area as well as adipocyte diameter and FFA profile in subcutaneous fat tissue were to be in a greater correlation with lipid (triglyceride, cholesterol and non-esterified FFA) levels than the rates of lipolysis and liposynthesis in both study groups. There may be minor differences in the mechanisms of hypertriglyceridemia development in breast and lung cancer patients. The rise in blood triglyceride level was largely due to basal hyperinsulinemia and glucocorticoid hyperproduction in lung cancer patients, whereas, in breast cancer patients it was mostly determined by resistance to insulin and an increase in body surface area contributed by lean body mass.
Adipose Tissue↗
[Resistance to the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone in brain tumor patients].
Out of 24 patients with brain tumors, 22 proved to be resistant to inhibition by dexamethasone. There were no significant differences in the sensitivity to dexamethasone in three study groups established on the basis of the tumor site-to-diencephalic structures distance. A relatively higher frequency of disturbances in dexamethasone inhibition in patients with brain tumors suggests grave disorders induced in glucocorticoid secretion regulation by chronic stress.
Adult↗
Anaesthesia and development of some experimental tumours.
Present work is based on the data of experimental studies on the influence of inhalatory (ether, chloroform, halothane and methoxyfluorane) and intravenous anaesthesia (neurovegetative block and neuroleptoanalgesia) upon the tumour growth and metastasization as well as the level of corticosteronemia in surgical trauma. It has been revealed that the narcosis may change the course of the tumorous process both by means of its action on the endocrine part of the organism-tumour system and immediately (halothane) due to its cytostatic action. Obviously, anaesthesia may appear one of the factors influencing the results of multifactoral therapy of tumorous diseases.
Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
[Dexamethasone test, somatomedin level and other metabolic indices in adenoma and cancer of the prostate].
The blood levels of hydroxycorticosteroid-11 (11-HOCS) before and after dexamethasone, somatomedins, cholesterol, triglycerides, beta-lipoproteins and cholesterol of high-density lipoproteins were studied in 55 patients with prostatic adenoma and 75 cases of prostatic cancer. It was found that the hypothalamo-pituitary system is resistant to inhibition by dexamethasone in both groups, while elevation of absolute level of 11-HOCS was observed in cases of adenoma. Patients with prostatic cancer revealed a higher blood serum-somatomedin level. Triglyceride level was relatively higher, and diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia (type IIb and IV) were slightly more frequent in patients with prostatic adenoma. This was matched by a relatively higher level of cholesterol and more frequent hyperlipidemia type IIa in cancer patients.
Aged↗
The relation between the status of adaptive system and the number of postoperative complications in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: the effect of phenazepam.
The decrease in 11-hydroxycorticosteroids concentration caused by 0.5 mg of dexamethasone administered at 11 pm was studied in 91 primary patients suffering from gastrointestinal cancer. In dexamethasone-resistant patients postoperative complications developed in 65% of colon cancer patients and in 42% of stomach cancer patients. In dexamethasone-sensitive patients the complications were observed in 24% and 12% of patients, correspondingly. The elevation of hypothalamic threshold of sensitivity to the inhibiting effect of glucocorticoids, revealed by the dexamethasone suppression test, was considered to be as result of a combined action of age, the tumor itself, and pronounced emotional stress during the preparation for operation. The derivative of benzodiazepin--phenazepam--when administered before the operation in colon cancer patients improved the results of the dexamethasone suppression test and decreased the number of postoperative complications.
11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
Metabolic immunodepression and metabolic immunotherapy: an attempt of improvement in immunologic response in breast cancer patients by correction of metabolic disturbances.
The effects of administration of phenformin and clofibrate to 32 breast cancer patients who underwent radical mastectomy and suffered from hormonal metabolic disturbances involving a decline in immunologic response were investigated. It was demonstrated that treatment with these drugs during 2--7 months results in an improvement in metabolic parameters and delayed hypersensitivity reaction to DNCB, tuberculin and candidin (75.5% of cases), an increase in T lymphocyte count (56.3%) and an improvement of the reaction of lymphocyte blast transformation (66.6%). The improvement in the immunologic status of the patients persisted for 6--8 weeks after the stoppage of phenformin administration; a gradual decline in immunologic response and return to the original level were recorded 4--6 months after stoppage and phenformin therapy. The effect of clofibrate on metabolic and immunologic parameters did not manifest itself as soon as 6--8 weeks after stoppage. Elimination of metabolic immunodepression, which gradually develops in the course of normal ageing and tumor process, should be the main objective of metabolic immunotherapy. To this end, therapeutic means, other than phenformin and clofibrate, may be used provided they exert the same effects on carbohydrate-fat metabolism. The desirability of study of the effects of a long-term course of drugs of this kind on the therapy of cancer patients is discussed.
Age Factors↗