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Biomedical subjects

M Navazesh

Publications and source records attributed to M Navazesh.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Xerostomia in the aged.

Xerostomia is a symptom associated with a variety of causes. Disorders in the production and transport as well as excessive depletion of saliva may lead to xerostomia. It is difficult to make any general statement about the functional significance of salivary gland changes associated with aging, as the clinical evidence is controversial and data from different studies do not encourage any uniform conclusion. Rational treatments of xerostomias may be performed casually (for example, withdrawal or exchange of drugs inhibiting salivary secretion), but will often only be practical as a symptomatic therapy. Special attention should be directed toward maintenance of adequate oral hygiene in order to prevent clinical complications such as increased dental caries, monilial infection, dysgeusia and tooth sensitivity, which are associated with xerostomia and are often observed in elderly xerostomic patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Bacterial agglutinin activity in the saliva of human identical and fraternal twins.

The major factor in human saliva responsible for the specific aggregation of oral streptococci is a high molecular-weight glycoprotein (agglutinin). To determine if the level of this glycoprotein in whole and parotid saliva was genetically determined, agglutinin activity for Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mutans in saliva obtained from identical and fraternal twins was compared. Evidence for the heritability of agglutinin activity and also parotid flow rate and total protein was obtained. There was no evidence for a significant genetic contribution to salivary sodium concentration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The influence of moderate reduction in dietary sodium on human salivary sodium concentration.

Twenty-four healthy subjects were placed for 12-13 weeks on diets that reduced average sodium intake from 145 to 74 m-equiv. Na+/day as determined by multiple 24-h urine collections before and during the diet. Whole-mouth resting and stimulated saliva was collected and analysed for flow rate and sodium concentration several times before and during the low-sodium period. Sodium restriction did not influence salivary flow rates but salivary sodium levels fell 25 per cent for resting and 17 per cent for stimulated saliva. Thus moderate reductions in sodium intake are accompanied by significantly lower salivary sodium levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of pharmacologic reductions in salivary flow on taste thresholds in man.

The effects of short-term salivary flow reductions on human taste thresholds were measured. Recognition and detection thresholds were obtained from 65 subjects during periods of both normal and reduced salivary flow. Decreased salivary flow was achieved by oral administration of either Elavil, Benadryl or atropine. Thresholds were measured for NaCl, citric acid, quinine sulphate and sucrose with a traditional series of aqueous solutions as well as with a series of dry taste stimuli using a filter-paper base. Whole mouth resting flow and stimulated salivary flow were measured before and after taste testing. The pharmacologic agents produced depressions in salivary flow ranging between 30 and 75 per cent of normal levels. The large decreases in flow produced no measurable changes in taste thresholds with the exception that an increased sensitivity to aqueous and dry citric acid stimuli consistently was observed following atropine administration. Changes in salivary bicarbonate levels, produced by atropine, may have mediated the observed shifts in oral sensitivity to citric acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Anticipatory salivary flow to the sight of different foods.

Anticipatory salivary flow was measured to the sight of seven foods that varied in texture, composition and palatability. In one experiment, subjects consumed the test foods that were viewed. This group was tested both during conditions of hunger and satiation. In a second experiment, subjects were instructed that they would not consume the foods that were viewed. Salivary responses were not related to the anticipated palability of the test foods but rather appeared to be related to the physical and chemical properties of the foods. Pizza, chocolate cake and gelatin were rated as highly palatable, but significant salivary increases occurred only with pizza. Of all the test foods, the greatest salivary flow increases were observed to the sight of lemon slices and pizza, and both foods contain sour or pungent ingredients. Hunger state and the expectation of consuming the test foods did not systematically affect the pattern or magnitude of salivary responses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systemic dissemination as a result of oral infection in individuals 50 years of age and older.

The oral pathosis caused by systemic disorders in middle-aged and elderly adults has been the focus of many publications in recent years. The intraoral soft and hard tissue changes associated with systemic disorders, medications, chemotherapy, and radiation treatment have been well-investigated and -documented. Far less attention has been paid to the role of oral infection as the etiology of systemic disorders. A literature review (1980-1994) is provided here focusing on well-documented cases in which systemic disorders were caused by oral foci of infections. This paper attempts to raise the level of awareness of practitioners in considering possible systemic complications caused by oral infection. It also emphasizes the need for further longitudinal studies in this field involving healthy and medically compromised elderly individuals.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tartar-control toothpaste as a possible contributory factor in the onset of superficial mucocele: a case report.

Superficial mucoceles are small, clear vesicles that occur on clinically non-inflamed mucosa and are often misdiagnosed as vesiculobullous disorders. Soft palate, retromolar pads, and posterior buccal mucosa are common sites of involvement. The lesions are more common in women than in men and need no treatment. This paper describes a 71-year-old female who demonstrated some of the pitfalls in diagnosis and a possible contributory role of a tartar-control toothpaste in the onset of the lesions.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A pilot study comparing three salivary collection methods in an adult population with salivary gland hypofunction.

The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the reliability of three collection methods (draining, chewing of gum base, and the Saxon test) for whole saliva using a sample of middle-aged and older ambulatory adults (n = 18) with proven salivary gland hypofunction. The results demonstrated high reliability (r values ranging from 0.91 to 0.80, p < 0.001) for all three methods. MANOVA analysis revealed significant (p < 0.001) differences in flow rates among the draining, chewing-stimulated, and Saxon methods.

Aged↗