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M Neufeld

Publications and source records attributed to M Neufeld.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Long-acting and selective suppression of growth hormone secretion by somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in acromegaly.

In 6 of 7 acromegalic patients a single subcutaneous injection of 50 micrograms of a new octapeptide somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) reduced serum growth hormone (GH) from 30 +/- 12 ng/ml to 1.4 +/- 0.4 (mean +/- SEM). Serum GH remained below basal concentration for 9 h. In the remaining patient who had very high basal preprandial serum GH, SMS 201-995 produced a reduction in serum GH of only 20%. Plasma glucose concentrations were increased to the upper limits of the normal range when a high-carbohydrate meal was consumed 2 h after injection. In non-diabetic patients plasma glucose did not exceed 129 mg/dl. The 40% decrease in plasma glucagon, which lasted for 7 h after SMS 201-995 injection, was not statistically significant. No side-effects and no rebound phenomenon were observed. These results suggest that SMS 201-995 may be the first somatostatin analogue suitable for the clinical management of acromegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1984

Pancreatic alpha cell autoantibodies and glucagon response to arginine.

The frequency and significance of cytoplasmic pancreatic alpha cell autoantibodies (ACA) were investigated in 2102 healthy controls, 879 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who were negative for islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), and 1567 relatives of IDDM patients. ACA were found in approximately 1 in 200 people of all ages and were not significantly associated with IDDM, the IDDM-associated HLA phenotypes DR3 and DR4, or thyrogastric or adrenal autoantibodies. Of 11 ACA-positive patients studied by arginine stimulation tests, none had frank glucagon deficiency. Thus, ACA do not appear to be associated with defective alpha cell function or with IDDM.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1981

Two types of autoimmune Addison's disease associated with different polyglandular autoimmune (PGA) syndromes.

A review of 295 patients with autoimmune Addison's disease which occurred as part of a polyglandular autoimmune syndrome is presented. Information of 41 cases was obtained from our clinics and from the examination of medical records, while 254 cases were culled from the literature. We report that autoimmune Addison's disease in association with other autoimmune diseases occurs in at least two distinct types. Addison's disease occurring in Type I polyglandular autoimmune disease (PGA) is associated with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and/or acquired hypoparathyroidism. The age of onset is predominately in childhood or in the early adult years. Type I PGA syndrome is also frequently associated with chronic active hepatitis, malabsorption, juvenile onset pernicious anemia, alopecia and primary hypogonadism. Insulin requiring diabetes and/or autoimmune thyroid disease are infrequent. In contrast, Addison's disease in Type II PGA is associated with insulin requiring diabetes and/or autoimmune thyroid disease(s). Although the age of onset of Addison's disease in Type II PGA syndrome is not confined to any age group or any specific sex, it occurs predominately in the middle years of life in females. The associated autoimmune diseases found in Type I disease, such as chronic active hepatitis, etc. (see table II) are rare in Type II PGA disease except for a low frequency of gonadal failure. We provide evidence to support the concept that the Addison's diseases in Type I and II PGA syndromes have different genetic bases, as related to HLA haplotypes, and possibly have different underlying pathogeneses.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1980

Adrenal autoantibodies and Addison disease in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Stored sera from 466 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and from 144 controls were examined for organ-specific antibodies to human adrenal cortex. Adrenal antibodies were found in seven of the patients with IDDM (1.5%) and in one control (0.7%). None of 91 black patients with IDDM had adrenal antibodies. All of the seven patients with adrenal antibodies had other organ-specific antibodies. Three had clinical hypothyroidism and one was thyrotoxic. All of these seven patients had a HLA-B8-bearing haplotype, suggesting that the B8-bearing haplotype confers an extremely high "relative risk" for adrenal autoimmunity in IDDM. Organ-specific autoimmune disease and/or organ-specific antibodies were found in 30% of the first-degree relatives of these eight probands with the adrenal antibodies (seven with IDDM and one control). We conclude that screening patients with IDDM for adrenal antibodies of low yield (1.9% among white patients). Further, adrenal antibodies may be present for at least two years without the development of Addison disease. Antibodies reactive only to the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex may be benign. Patients with IDDM and thyroid microsomal antibodies are more likely to have adrenal antibodies (6.5%), as are patients with IDDM and a B8-bearing haplotype and those with IDDM and family histories of organ-specific autoimmunity.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1980

Islet cell and other organ-specific antibodies in U.S. Caucasians and Blacks with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Islet cell antibodies (ICA) were detected in 168 (33%) of 504 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Mean age of onset of IDDM was 8.6 +/- 0.2 yr and mean age at testing was 13.4 +/- 0.3 yr. None of 162 controls without diabetes (mean age 21.8 +/- 0.9 yr) had ICA. Caucasian patients (404) had a 74% frequency of ICA within 3 mo of diagnosis and an overall ICA frequency of 36%. These results were similar to those reported from Europe. Black patients (100) had lower frequencies of ICA (P < 0.01) and thyroid antibodies (P < 0.05). Caucasian patients with onset of IDDM before 5 yr of age (107) had a lower frequency (P < 0.01) of ICA (21%) than those (297) with a later age of onset (42%). Patients with persistent ICA beyond 5 yr of IDDM had increased frequencies of gastric parietal and adrenal cortex cell antibodies. Thyroid microsomal antibodies were less frequent (P < 0.05) in blacks (4%) than in Caucasians (20%). The former did not have adrenal antibodies. Similar ICA frequencies among Caucasians with IDDM in the U.S. and in Europe suggest that etiologic factors are similar in the two geographic regions. The lower frequencies of ICA in patients with IDDM onset before 5 yr of age suggest that some of these patients may have a different etiology and/or a more rapid disappearance of islet cell antigens than patients with a later onset.l The lower ICA frequencies in black patients can be explained by heterogeneity of IDDM in this group and by admixture of IDDM susceptibility genes from the Caucasian genome to the black genome.

Adolescent↗