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Biomedical subjects

M Notman

Publications and source records attributed to M Notman.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

An empirical study of proxy consent for elderly persons.

To investigate empirical assumptions about substituted judgment, three treatment decision scenarios were presented to 43 competent elderly persons and 115 persons related to them. Related subjects who were explicitly asked to make a substituted judgment came significantly closer to the elderly person's preferences than those who were asked to make their best recommendation (p = .005-.067, depending on index used). These results support the use of a substituted judgment approach to proxy decision makers; other results suggest some limitations of durable powers of attorney.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Psychotherapy training for the psychiatrist of the future.

There is uncertainty about the future role of psychodynamic psychotherapy in psychiatric practice and education. The Association for Academic Psychiatry and the American Association of Directors of Psychiatry Residency Training formed a joint task force to review the issue. It developed a rationale for continued training in expressive psychotherapy and a model curriculum for such training that is both effective and realistic in terms of the diverse demands and structures of modern residencies. A minimum curriculum was also designed for resource-poor programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Coping resources and health responses among men and women medical students.

The structures and pressures of medical education raise particular concerns about how coping resources vary among students as they enter training. Most past studies have focussed on male students. Our data considers the coping and health-related responses of men and women students during the initial phase of their socialization into medicine. Subjects were 179 men and 80 women in entering classes of two medical schools who completed a variety of self-report measures. A multivariate analysis of these data revealed profile differences between men and women on measures of coping and health-related responses. Univariate tests demonstrated sex differences in mastery, number of health symptoms and reliance on alcohol. Men and women, however, showed similarly high esteem and use of social networks. The variation observed between men and women medical students as they begin their training suggests different potential sources of vulnerability. The importance of these findings is to provide a context of initial coping repertoires of men and women medical students for future evaluation of the effects of socialization.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Social policy and professional self-interest: physician responses to DRGs.

Prospective hospital reimbursement based on Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) began in 1983 for Medicare patients, and many states are adopting similar systems for Medicaid recipients in an attempt to curb rising health care costs. Because of their unprecedented intrusiveness compared to previous cost-containment measures and because they explicitly introduce financial incentives to reduce services, DRGs have great potential to affect health care delivery. To determine the effects of DRGs on hospitals and physicians, six months of ethnographic fieldwork was carried out on the medicine and pediatrics services of a university-affiliated hospital during the first year of DRG-based reimbursement. Observations and interviews were used to discern institutional responses to DRGs and physician knowledge of, experience with, and reactions to this cost-containment effort. Our findings indicate that the hospital instituted many changes to protect its interests. Data gathered from patients' abstracts suggest providers are successfully dealing with the new system; the average length of stay for Medicare patients was reduced by 38% in the first year of prospective reimbursement, compared with a 15% reduction for other patients (P less than 0.05). As a group, the physicians made no organized effort to educate themselves about the new cost-containment regulations. Their knowledge of DRGs was vague and included many misconceptions. Their response was not a coherent one taking broad social concerns into account. Cost-containment was viewed negatively, as a threat to the financial integrity of the hospital, patient care, and professional autonomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1979

Midlife concerns of women: implications of the menopause.

Midlife has received recent attention but is still difficult to define. Women's developmental phases are most appropriately understood as different from men's, with a complex integration of biological context, family development and roles, and individual development. Menopause has been considered a determining event, and a variety of symptoms have been attributed to menopausal changes. Emerging data indicate that menopause does not appear to be responsible for most of the symptoms. Midlife stresses are the result of a combination of personal, family, social, and biological variables, with postmenopausal development an important phase.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1977

Psychotherapy supervision: the problem of conflicting values.

Psychotherapy supervision offers an opportunity for examination of value differences between therapist and patient and therapist and supervisor. Effects of availability of female supervisors are discussed in relation to these value differences affecting referrals, therapeutic goals, assessment of psychopathology, termination, and supervision of cojoint therapy. Advocacy and ombudsman function of the female supervisor in a training program are emphasized.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast cancer.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Authorship↗